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===Lughnasadh (Lammas)=== {{main|Lughnasadh|Lammas}} ''Lughnasadh'' or ''Lúnasa'' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|uː|n|æ|s|ə}}) is the Gaelic name for a [[harvest]] festival held on or around 1 August.<ref name="Hutton"/><ref name="SpiralDance lammas">Starhawk (1979, 1989) ''The Spiral Dance: A Rebirth of the Ancient Religion of the Great Goddess''. New York, Harper and Row {{ISBN|0-06-250814-8}} pp.191-2 (revised edition)</ref> Its Welsh name is {{lang|cy|Calan Awst}}. In English it is ''[[Lammas]]''. Some Wiccan traditions base their celebrations on the Celtic deity [[Lugh]], for whom the holiday is named, while others draw on more eclectic sources. While ''Lughnasadh'' is one of the most common names for the holiday in Wicca currently, in early versions of Wiccan literature, the festival is referred to as ''August Eve''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/pag/gbos/gbos10.htm|title=Gardnerian Book of Shadows: The Sabbat Rituals: August Eve|website=www.sacred-texts.com|access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref> Lammas is often referenced interchangeably with Lughnasadh, though the two are sometimes recognised as distinct and separate holidays. While Lughnasadh has Celtic origins, Lammas has Anglo-Saxon origins, and was often marked with the blessing of loaves of bread by the church. The name ''Lammas'' (contraction of ''loaf mass'') implies it is an agrarian-based festival and feast of thanksgiving for grain and bread, which symbolises the first fruits of the harvest.<ref name="SpiralDance lammas"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Lammas (n.) |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Lammas&allowed_in_frame=0|publisher=etymonline.com|access-date=25 November 2012}}</ref>
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