Editing Varna, Bulgaria (section)

=== Battle of Varna ===
{{Main|Battle of Varna}}
[[File:VarnaMemorial.jpg|thumb|Memorial of the [[Battle of Varna]] of 1444 carved into an ancient [[Thracians|Thracian]] [[Tumulus|burial mound]]]]

On 10 November 1444, one of the last major battles of the [[Crusade]]s in European history was fought outside the city walls. [[Ottoman Army|Ottomans]] routed an army of 20,000–30,000 crusaders<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vn.government.bg/stranici/oblast/560/shanko3.doc|author=Apostolov, Shanko (Director, Władysław Warneńczyk Park Museum, Varna)|title=The Campaigns of Ladislaus of Varna and John Hunyadi in 1443–1444|language=bg|access-date=8 June 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220161213/http://www.vn.government.bg/stranici/oblast/560/shanko3.doc|archive-date=20 February 2012}}</ref> led by [[Ladislaus III of Poland]] (also Ulászló I of Hungary), which had assembled at the port to set sail to Constantinople. The Christian army was attacked by a superior force of 55,000 or 60,000 Ottomans led by [[sultan]] [[Murad II]]. Ladislaus III was killed in a bold attempt to capture the sultan, earning the sobriquet ''Warneńczyk'' (''of Varna'' in Polish; he is also known as ''Várnai Ulászló'' in Hungarian or ''Ladislaus Varnensis'' in Latin). The failure of the [[Crusade of Varna]] made the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453 all but inevitable, and Varna (with all of Bulgaria) was to remain under Ottoman domination for over four centuries. Today, there is a [[cenotaph]] of Ladislaus III in Varna.