Editing Valladolid (section)

=== Early modern period ===

In 1469, Queen [[Isabella I of Castile]] and King [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]] were married in the city; by the 15th century Valladolid was the residence of the [[kings of Castile]].{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} In 1506, [[Christopher Columbus]] died in Valladolid "still convinced that he had reached the Indies"<ref>Roger Crowley. ''Conquerors: How Portugal Forged the First Global Empire''. NY: Random House, 2015, p. 161</ref> in a house that is now a museum dedicated to him.

From 1554 to 1559, [[Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal|Joanna of Austria]], sister of [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]], served as [[regent]], establishing herself in Valladolid,{{Sfn|Caballero Romero|2015|p=81}} with the latter becoming the political center of the [[Habsburg Spain|Hispanic Monarchy]] by that time.{{Sfn|Moreno|2018|pp=181–197}} She favoured the [[Ruy Gómez de Silva|Ebolist Party]], one of the two leading factions of the Court of Philip II, in competition with the ''[[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel|albistas]]''.{{Sfn|Caballero Romero|2015|p=81}} The [[Reformation]] took hold in some parts of the city where Protestant circles appeared presumably around the leading figure of [[Augustino de Cazalla]], an adviser of Joanna.{{Sfn|Moreno|2018|pp=181–197}} Ensuing ''[[Auto-da-fé|autos de fe]]'' against the Protestant sects took place in 1559 in Valladolid.{{Sfn|Moreno|2018|pp=181–197}} A catastrophic fire in 1561 destroyed a portion of the city.{{Sfn|Gutiérrez Alonso|1986|p=11}}

During 1550–1551 the town held the [[Valladolid debate|first moral debate in European history]] to discuss the rights and treatment of the [[Indigenous people of the Americas|indigenous people]] by conquerors.

[[File:Braun Valladolid UBHD.jpg|thumb|center|upright=2.8|''Vallisoletum'', 1574, by [[Georg Braun|Braun]] and Hogenberg]]
<!--[[File: Torneo en la Plaza Mayor grande.jpg|thumb|right|'A [[jousting]] tournament in the main square of Valladolid', ceiling preserved in Madrid's [[Museo del Prado]].]]-->

Valladolid was granted the status of city in 1596, also becoming a [[bishopric]].{{Sfn|Vega García-Luengos|1997|p=207}}

[[File:Fundación Joaquín Díaz - Iglesia de San Pablo. Fachada - Valladolid (2).jpg|thumb|upright|Old postcard of the gothic [[Iglesia de San Pablo, Valladolid|Church of San Pablo]], c. 1900.]]

In the midst of the reign of [[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]], Valladolid briefly served as the capital of the Hispanic Monarchy between 1601 and 1606 under the auspice of the [[Duke of Lerma]], ''[[Favourite|valido]]'' of [[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]]. Lerma and his network had bought plots in Valladolid before in order to sell those to the Crown.<ref name=mdo>{{Cite web|url=https://www.madridiario.es/466316/duque-lerma-corrupcion-inmobiliaria|website=Madridiario|title=El Duque de Lerma, precursor de la corrupción Inmobiliaria en España|date=26 March 2019}}</ref> Promoted by Lerma, the decision on moving the capital from Madrid to Valladolid has been portrayed as case of a (double) real estate speculative scheme, as Lerma had bought housing in Madrid as the prices plummeted when the capital was moved from the city.<ref name=xlsemanal /><ref name=mdo /> After a plague in Valladolid, Lerma suggested the King to go back to Madrid, earning a hefty profit when the royal court returned and prices went up again.<ref name=xlsemanal>{{Cite web|url=https://www.xlsemanal.com/conocer/historia/20180409/duque-de-lerma-felipe-iii-corte-valladolid-corrupcion.html|website=Xlsemanal|date=9 April 2018|title=¿Cómo dio el 'pelotazo' el Duque de Lerma?}}</ref><ref name=mdo />

The city was again damaged by a flood of the rivers Pisuerga and Esgueva.