Editing Uruguay (section)

=== Civic-military dictatorship ===
[[File:Museo de la Memoria - 2022 03.jpg|thumb|Garments worn by prisoners during the dictatorship, exhibited at the [[Museo de la Memoria (Uruguay)|Museum of Memory]]]]

President [[Jorge Pacheco Areco|Jorge Pacheco]] declared a state of emergency in 1968, followed by a further suspension of civil liberties in 1972. In 1973, amid increasing economic and political turmoil, the armed forces, asked by President [[Juan María Bordaberry]], disbanded Parliament and established a [[Civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay|civilian-military regime]].<ref name="dept-state"/> The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-backed campaign of political repression and state terror involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents was called [[Operation Condor]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dinges |first1=John |title=Operation Condor |url=http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/chile/operation-condor.htm |website=latinamericanstudies.org |publisher=Columbia University |access-date=6 July 2018 |archive-date=22 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722031734/http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/chile/operation-condor.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Marcetic |first1=Branco |title=The CIA's Secret Global War Against the Left |url=https://jacobin.com/2020/11/operation-condor-cia-latin-america-repression-torture |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Jacobin |date=30 November 2020 |archive-date=22 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622185604/https://jacobin.com/2020/11/operation-condor-cia-latin-america-repression-torture |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to one source, around 180 Uruguayans are known to have been killed and disappeared, with thousands more illegally detained and tortured during the 12-year civil-military rule from 1973 to 1985.<ref>{{cite news|title=New find in Uruguay 'missing' dig|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/4494286.stm|work=BBC News|access-date=4 February 2011|date=3 December 2005|archive-date=11 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511151500/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/4494286.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Most were killed in Argentina and other neighboring countries, with 36 of them having been killed in Uruguay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Uruguay dig finds 'disappeared'.|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4485288.stm|work=BBC News|access-date=4 February 2011|date=30 November 2005|archive-date=4 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504081010/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4485288.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> According to Edy Kaufman (cited by David Altman<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288427223|title=Direct Democracy Worldwide|last=Altman|first=David|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-1107427099}}</ref>), Uruguay at the time had the highest per capita number of political prisoners in the world. "Kaufman, who spoke at the U.S. Congressional Hearings of 1976 on behalf of [[Amnesty International]], estimated that one in every five Uruguayans went into exile, one in fifty were detained, and one in five hundred went to prison (most of them tortured)." Social spending was reduced, and many state-owned companies were privatized. However, the economy did not improve and deteriorated after 1980; the [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) fell by 20%, and unemployment rose to 17%. The state intervened by trying to bail out failing companies and banks.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jacob |first1=Raúl |last2=Weinstein |first2=Martin |editor1=Rex A. Hudson |editor2=Sandra W. Meditz |title=Uruguay: A country study |pages=44–46 |date=1992 |publisher=Federal Research Division, Library of Congress |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.31822015230782&seq=84 |isbn=978-0-8444-0737-1 |edition=2nd |chapter=The military Government 1973–80: The Military's Economic Record}}</ref>{{rp|45}}