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==Campus== {{Main|Campus of the University of Notre Dame}} [[File:Notre Dame campus view.jpg|thumb|alt=See caption |A view of the historical part of the campus, with the Basilica and Main Building]] Notre Dame's campus is located in [[Notre Dame, Indiana]], in the [[Michiana]] area of [[Northern Indiana]].<ref name="About ND">{{cite web |url=https://www.nd.edu/about/ |title=About Notre Dame |publisher=University of Notre Dame |access-date=December 10, 2007}}</ref> It lies on {{cvt|1250|acre}}, south of the [[Indiana Toll Road]] and includes around 170 buildings and athletic fields located around its two lakes and seven [[Quadrangle (architecture)|quadrangles]].<ref name="Campus">{{cite web |url=http://newsinfo.nd.edu/content.cfm?topicid=43 |title=Resources:Campus and Physical Facilities |publisher=University of Notre Dame |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111193111/http://newsinfo.nd.edu/content.cfm?topicid=43 |archive-date=November 11, 2007 |access-date=December 10, 2007}}</ref> {{Infobox NRHP | name = University of Notre Dame: Main and South Quadrangles | nrhp_type = hd | image = The University of Notre Dame "God Quad".JPG | caption = The University's historic center, comprising the [[Basilica of the Sacred Heart (Notre Dame)|Basilica]], the [[Main Building (University of Notre Dame)|Golden Dome]], and [[Washington Hall (University of Notre Dame)|Washington Hall]], was built in the early years of the university. | location = Off I-80/90, [[Notre Dame, Indiana]] | locmapin = | built = 1842 | architecture = Mixed (more than two styles from different periods) | added = May 23, 1978 | area = {{cvt|70|acre|ha}} | refnum = 78000053<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a|refnum=78000053}}</ref> }} It is consistently ranked as one of the most beautiful university campuses in the United States and around the world, and it is noted particularly for the Golden Dome, the Basilica and its stained glass windows, the quads and the greenery, the Grotto, the [[Hesburgh Library]] with its Word of Life stone mural (nicknamed "Touchdown Jesus" by students), and its statues and museums.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/most-beautiful-colleges-in-america |title=The 50 Most Beautiful Colleges in America |website=[[Architectural Digest]] |date=November 5, 2018 |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bestcollegereviews.org/features/most-beautiful-college-campuses/ |title=The 100 Most Beautiful College Campuses In America – Best College Reviews |website=www.bestcollegereviews.org |date=September 3, 2014 |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.cntraveler.com/galleries/2016-01-29/the-20-most-beautiful-college-campuses-in-america |title=The 50 Most Beautiful College Campuses in America |magazine=[[Condé Nast Traveler]] |date=January 29, 2016 |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/slideshows/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/3 |title="America's Most Beautiful College Campuses", ''Travel + Leisure'' (September, 2011) |newspaper=Travel + Leisure |publisher=Travelandleisure.com |date=June 30, 2014 |access-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities/10-most-beautiful-universities-us |title=The 10 most beautiful universities in the US |date=August 8, 2017 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> Notre Dame is a major tourist attraction in northern Indiana; in the 2015–2016 academic year, more than 1.8 million visitors, almost half of whom were from outside [[St. Joseph County, Indiana|St. Joseph County]], visited the campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://publicaffairs.nd.edu/assets/243633/2016_economic_impact_report.pdf |title=The Economic Impact of the University of Notre Dame |publisher=University of Notre Dame |access-date=October 29, 2018}}</ref> {{anchor|Main and South Quadrangles}}<!--- anchor for incoming links for NRHP district ---> A {{cvt|116|acre|ha|adj=on}} historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as University of Notre Dame: Main and South Quadrangles. The district includes 21 [[contributing property|contributing buildings]] in the core of the original campus such as the Main Administration Building and the Basilica.<ref name="nrhpdoc-ndc" /> === Administration and academic buildings === The Main Building serves as the center for the university's administrative offices, including the Office of the President. Its golden dome, topped by the statue of Mary, is the campus' most recognizable landmark. The main building is located on Main Quad (also known as "God Quad"), which is the oldest, most historic, and most central part of campus. Behind the main building stands several facilities with administrative purposes and student services, including Carole Sadner Hall, Brownson Hall, and St. Liam's Hall, the campus health center. There are several religious buildings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old College Program |url=http://vocation.nd.edu/seminary_programs/old_college_program.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825181423/http://vocation.nd.edu/seminary_programs/old_college_program.shtml |archive-date=August 25, 2007 |access-date=December 11, 2007 |publisher=University of Notre Dame}}</ref> The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is on the site of Sorin's original church, which had become too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style, with stained glass windows imported from France. [[Luigi Gregori]], an Italian painter invited by Sorin to be an artist in residence, painted the interior. The basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church, there are sculptures by [[Ivan Meštrović]]. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, built in 1896, is a replica of the [[Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes|original]] in [[Lourdes]] and is a popular spot for prayer and meditation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes // Campus Tour // University of Notre Dame |url=http://tour.nd.edu/locations/grotto/ |access-date=July 10, 2014 |publisher=Tour.nd.edu |archive-date=November 3, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103042009/http://tour.nd.edu/locations/grotto/ }}</ref> The Old College building has become one of two [[seminary|seminaries]] on the campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. [[File:NDU-Goldkuppel.jpg|thumb|alt=See caption |The Golden Dome, built under Sorin, has become the symbol of the university]] Academic buildings are concentrated in the Center-South and Center-East sections of campus. McCourtney Hall, an interdisciplinary research facility, opened its doors for the fall 2016 semester, and ground was broken on the {{cvt|60000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} [[Walsh Family Hall of Architecture]] on the south end of campus near the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center which opened in fall 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walsh Family Hall of Archutecture |url=https://architecture.nd.edu/about/our-new-home/ |access-date=November 13, 2021 |website=School of Architecture University of Notre Dame|date=November 8, 2018 }}</ref> Since 2004, several buildings have been added, including the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center,<ref name="DPAC">{{cite web |title=DeBartolo Performing Arts Center History |url=http://performingarts.nd.edu/?page=history&nav=5 |access-date=December 19, 2007 |publisher=University of Notre Dame |archive-date=August 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814053132/http://performingarts.nd.edu/?page=history&nav=5 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the Guglielmino Complex,<ref>{{cite web |date=October 14, 2005 |title=The Guglielmino Complex |url=http://www.und.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/101405aaj.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503100725/http://www.und.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/101405aaj.html |archive-date=May 3, 2012 |access-date=January 1, 2008 |publisher=University of Notre Dame}}</ref> and the Jordan Hall of Science.<ref>{{cite news |author=Newbart, Dave |date=December 3, 2007 |title='Huge leap forward' for Notre Dame |work=Chicago Sun-Times |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/677720,CST-NWS-NOTREDAME03.article |access-date=December 31, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206170319/http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/677720%2CCST-NWS-NOTREDAME03.article |archive-date=December 6, 2007}}</ref> A new engineering building, Stinson-Remick Hall, a new combination Center for Social Concerns/Institute for Church Life building, Geddes Hall, and a law school addition were completed at the same time.<ref>{{cite news |author=Brown, Dennis |date=February 6, 2007 |title=Construction on new engineering building to begin in November on Notre Dame Avenue |publisher=University of Notre Dame |url=http://newsinfo.nd.edu/content.cfm?topicid=21104 |access-date=December 31, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118082801/http://newsinfo.nd.edu/content.cfm?topicId=21104 |archive-date=November 18, 2007}}</ref> Many academic buildings were built with a system of libraries, the most prominent of which is the Hesburgh Library, built in 1963 and today containing almost four million books. The Stayer Center for Executive Education, which houses the Mendoza College of Business Executive Education Department, opened in March 2013, just south of the Mendoza College of Business building. === Residential and student buildings === {{Main|University of Notre Dame residence halls}} There are [[University of Notre Dame residence halls|33 single-sex undergraduate residence halls]]. The university has recently announced a co-educational undergraduate dorm community based in one of the graduate residential apartments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dame |first=Marketing Communications: Web // University of Notre |title=Introducing - Undergraduate Community at Fischer // Residential Life // University of Notre Dame |url=https://residentiallife.nd.edu/undergraduate/apply-for-housing/apply-for-fall-semester-housing/current-students/introducing---undergraduate-community-at-fischer/ |access-date=2023-03-17 |website=Residential Life |language=en}}</ref> Most of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus. A new residence for men, [[Baumer Hall]], was built in 2019. [[Johnson Family Hall]], for women, was also completed and opened that semester. The South Dining Hall and North Dining Hall serve the student body. [[File:Fall on "God Quad" that Connects North Quad and South Quad.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Colorful trees on the Main and South Quadrangles in autumn |Fall on the Main Quadrangle]] The campus hosts several entertainment, general purpose, and common spaces. LaFortune Student Center, commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," is a four-story building built in 1883 that serves the student union and hosts social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities.<ref name="Lafortune Student Center">{{cite news |title=Lafortune Student Center |publisher=Student Activities Office |url=http://studentactivities.nd.edu/venues/lafortune/ |access-date=November 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207160725/http://studentactivities.nd.edu/venues/lafortune/ |archive-date=December 7, 2009}}</ref><ref name="acui.org">{{cite news |date=September 2008 |title=Union Spotlight: LaFortune Student Center at the University of Notre Dame |publisher=Association of College Unions International |url=http://www.acui.org/publications/bulletin/article.aspx?issue=704&id=7732 |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306070345/http://acui.org/publications/bulletin/article.aspx?id=7732&issue=704 |archive-date=March 6, 2016}}</ref> LaFortune hosts many businesses (including restaurant chains), student services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs.<ref name="Lafortune Student Center" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Seen and heard on the Notre Dame campus |edition=Winter 2006–2007 |work=Notre Dame Magazine |url=http://magazine.nd.edu/news/9963/ |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref> A second student union came with the addition of Duncan Student Center, which is built onto the Notre Dame Stadium as part of the Campus Crossroads projects. As well as additional food service chains, recreation facilities, and student offices, Duncan also hosts a student gym and a ballroom. [[File:University of Notre Dame's God Quad.JPG|thumb|upright=1|alt=See caption |Historic Washington Hall on the Main Quadrangle, popularly termed the "God Quad"<ref>{{cite web |last=Lynch |first=Lucy |date=September 4, 2017 |title=Historic Notre Dame superstitions still honored today |url=https://ndsmcobserver.com/2017/09/historic-notre-dame-superstitions-still-honored-today/ |access-date=October 29, 2019 |website=The Observer}}</ref>]] === Athletics facilities === Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features many athletic buildings, which are concentrated in the southern and eastern sections of campus. The most prominent is Notre Dame Stadium,<ref>{{cite web |title=Notre Dame Stadium |url=http://www.und.com/facilities/notre-dame-stadium.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171130172136/http://www.und.com/facilities/notre-dame-stadium.html |archive-date=November 30, 2017 |access-date=May 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS Interactive}}</ref> home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today can seat over 80,000 people. Prominent venues include the [[Edmund P. Joyce Center]], with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena,<ref>{{cite web |title=University of Notre Dame – Compton Family Ice Arena |url=http://www.bartonmalow.com/projects/comptonfamilyice |access-date=May 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS Interactive |archive-date=May 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121619/http://www.bartonmalow.com/projects/comptonfamilyice }}</ref> a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. There are many outdoor fields, such as the [[Frank Eck Stadium]] for baseball.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Joyce Center |url=http://www.und.com/facilities/nd-joycecenter.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140823172216/http://www.und.com/facilities/nd-joycecenter.html |archive-date=August 23, 2014 |access-date=May 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS Interactive}}</ref> [[Legends of Notre Dame]] (commonly called Legends) is a [[music venue]], [[public house]], and restaurant on campus, just {{cvt|100|yd|m}} south of the stadium. The former Alumni Senior Club<ref name="SAO Website">{{cite news |url=http://sao.nd.edu/venues/legends/ |title=Legends of Notre Dame |work=Student Activities Office, University of Notre Dame |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610034057/http://sao.nd.edu/venues/legends/ |archive-date=June 10, 2010}}</ref> opened in September 2003 after a $3.5 million renovation and became an all-ages student hang-out. Legends is made up of two parts: The Restaurant and Alehouse and the nightclub.<ref name="Legends Observer Article">{{cite news |url=http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/2.2754/legends-meets-expectations-1.276084 |first=Justin |last=Tardiff |title=Legends meets expectations |work=The Observer |date=September 9, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727000107/http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/2.2754/legends-meets-expectations-1.276084 |archive-date=July 27, 2011}}</ref> [[File:Law Arch 3.JPG|thumb|alt=See caption |The new wing of the [[Notre Dame Law School|Law School]]]] ===Environmental sustainability=== The Office of Sustainability was created in the fall of 2007 at the recommendation of a Sustainability Strategy Working Group and appointed the first director in April 2008. The pursuit of [[sustainability]] is related directly to the Catholic mission of the university.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://green.nd.edu/mission/ |title=Mission – Office of Sustainability – University of Notre Dame |last=Dame |first=Marketing Communications: Web – University of Notre |website=Office of Sustainability |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> Other resources and centers on campus focusing on sustainability include the Environmental Change Initiative, Environmental Research Center, and the Center for Sustainable Energy at Notre Dame.<ref name="Dame">{{Cite web |url=https://news.nd.edu/news/notre-dame-goal-no-coal/ |title=Notre Dame goal: No coal |last=Dame |first=Marketing Communications: Web // University of Notre |website=Notre Dame News |date=September 21, 2015 |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> The university also houses the Kellogg Institute for International Peace Studies. Notre Dame received a gold rating from the [[Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education]] (AASHE) in 2014, though in 2017 it was downgraded to silver.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/university-of-notre-dame-in/report/2017-10-13/ |title=University of Notre Dame |website=stars.aashe.org |date=October 13, 2017 |access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref> In 2016, the Office of Sustainability released its Comprehensive Sustainability Strategy to achieve its goals in a wide area of university operations.<ref name="About the Office//Office of Sustainability//University of Notre Dame">{{cite web |title=About the Office |publisher=University of Notre Dame |url=https://green.nd.edu/about-us/goals/ |access-date=June 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612164931/http://green.nd.edu/about-us/goals/ |archive-date=June 12, 2016 }}</ref> {{As of|November 2020}}, 17 buildings have achieved [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design#Certification level|LEED-Certified status]], with 12 of them earning Gold certification.<ref>{{Cite web |title=LEED Certified Buildings |url=https://facilities.nd.edu/services/planning-design-construction/leed-certified-buildings/ |access-date=November 13, 2021 |website=facilities.nd.edu}}</ref> Notre Dame's dining service sources 40 percent of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood and many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options.<ref name="Design & Construction//Office of Sustainability//University of Notre Dame">{{cite web |title=Design and Construction |publisher=University of Notre Dame, Office of Sustainability |url=http://green.nd.edu/programs-and-initiatives/designbuilding |access-date=27 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606231859/http://green.nd.edu/programs-and-initiatives/designbuilding |archive-date=June 6, 2009}}</ref> In 2019, irrigation systems' improvements led to 244 million fewer gallons of water being used and a 50 percent reduction in water consumption over 10 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Sustainability Report |url=https://spark.adobe.com/page/RwIe0PHnLr6hi/ |website=spark.adobe.com |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> In 2015, Notre Dame announced major environmental sustainability goals, including eliminating using coal by 2020 and reducing its carbon footprint by half by 2030.<ref name="Dame"/> Both these goals were reached in early 2019.<ref name="McLaughlin">{{Cite web |url=http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/story/41183888/notre-dame-reaches-sustainability-goals |title=Notre Dame Reaches Sustainability Goals |last=McLaughlin |first=Merritt |website=insideindianabusiness.com |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref><ref name="green.nd.edu">{{Cite web |url=https://green.nd.edu/news/notre-dame-ceases-to-burn-coal-a-year-ahead-of-schedule/ |title=Notre Dame ceases to burn coal, a year ahead of schedule |website=Office of Sustainability|date=October 14, 2019 |language=en |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> This was achieved by implementing energy conservation, energy efficiency strategies, temperature setpoints, low-flow water devices, and diversifying its energy sources and infrastructures.<ref name="McLaughlin"/> New sources of renewable energy on campus include [[Geothermal heat pump|geothermal wells]] on East Quad and by the Notre Dame Stadium, substitution of boilers with gas turbines, solar panels on Fitzpatrick Hall and Stinson-Remick Hall and off-campus, a [[Hydroelectricity|hydroelectric]] facility at Seitz Park in South Bend powered by the [[St. Joseph River (Lake Michigan)|St. Joseph River]], and heat recovery strategies.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsbt.com/news/local/notre-dame-and-south-bend-partner-to-build-hydroelectric-plant-and-improve-seitz-park |title=Notre Dame and South Bend partner to build hydroelectric plant, improve Seitz Park |last=Torie |first=Caroline |date=August 19, 2019 |website=WSBT |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref><ref name="green.nd.edu"/><ref name="Dame"/> Future projects outlined by the university's utilities long-range plan include continual diversification of its energy portfolio, future geothermal wells in new buildings and some existing facilities, and a collaboration with the South Bend Solar Project. Current goals include cutting Notre Dame's carbon footprint by 83 percent by 2050 and eventually becoming carbon neutral, diverting 67 percent of all waste from landfills by 2030.<ref name="Dame"/><ref name="green.nd.edu"/><ref name="McLaughlin"/> ===Global Gateways=== [[File:Former United University Club.jpg|thumb|alt=See caption |The former [[United University Club]]]] The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support.<ref>{{cite web |title=Notre Dame Global Gateways |url=http://international.nd.edu/about/notre-dame-global-gateways/ |publisher=Notre Dome International |access-date=May 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517122900/http://international.nd.edu/about/notre-dame-global-gateways/ |archive-date=May 17, 2014}}</ref> *''London''. The university has had a presence in London since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in Fischer Hall, the former [[United University Club]] in Trafalgar Square. The center hosts the university's programs in the city, and conferences and symposia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://international.nd.edu/global-gateways/london/ |title=University of Notre Dame London Centre |publisher=University of Notre Dame |access-date=January 9, 2008}}</ref> The university also owns a residence facility, [[Royal Waterloo Hospital for Children and Women|Conway Hall]], for students studying abroad.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://international.nd.edu/global-gateways/london/ |title=London // Notre Dame International // University of Notre Dame |publisher=International.nd.edu |access-date=October 29, 2018}}{{verify source|date=November 2019|Reason=could not find anything related on this page.}}</ref> *''Beijing''. The university owns space in the [[Liangmaqiao Station]] area. The center is the hub of Notre Dame Asia. It hosts a number of programs including study abroad.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.notredameasia.org/ |title=Homepage |website=Notre Dame Asia |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref> [[File:Kylemore Abbey2007.jpg|thumb|alt=See caption |[[Kylemore Abbey]]]] *''[[Dublin]]''. The university owns the O'Connell House, a building in [[Merrion Square]] in the heart of [[Georgian Dublin]]. It hosts academic programs and summer internships in [[Irish studies]] for both undergraduate and graduate students in addition to seminars, and is home to the Keough Naughton Centre.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oconnellhouse.nd.edu/ |title=O'Connell House // University of Notre Dame |publisher=oconnellhouse.nd.edu |access-date=December 15, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207120816/http://oconnellhouse.nd.edu// |archive-date=December 7, 2016 }}</ref> Since 2015, the university has partnered with [[Kylemore Abbey]], renovating spaces in the abbey so it could host academic programs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ryan |first=Sue |url=http://news.nd.edu/news/57715-notre-dame-announces-new-partnership-at-kylemore-abbey-in-ireland/ |title=Notre Dame announces new partnership at Kylemore Abbey in Ireland |publisher=University of Notre Dame |date=May 8, 2015 |access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref> *''[[Jerusalem]]''. The Jerusalem Global Gateway shares space with the university's [[Tantur Ecumenical Institute]], in a {{cvt|100000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} facility on the seam between Jerusalem and [[Bethlehem]]. It hosts religious and ecumenical programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://international.nd.edu/global-gateways/jerusalem/ |title=Jerusalem |publisher=University of Notre Dame |access-date=October 29, 2018}}</ref> *''Rome''. The Rome Global Gateway is on Via Ostilia, very close to the [[Colosseum]]. It was recently acquired and renovated and now has {{cvt|32000|sqft}} of space to host a variety of academic activities. The university purchased a second Roman villa on the Caelian hill.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://international.nd.edu/global-gateways/rome/ |title=Rome |publisher=University of Notre Dame |access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref> In addition to the five Global Gateways, the university also owns the [[Santa Fe Building (Chicago)|Santa Fe Building]] in Chicago, where it offers its executive [[Master of Business Administration]] program.<ref>{{cite web |last=Elliott |first=Carol |url=http://news.nd.edu/news/9585-notre-dame-unveils-chicago-executive-classroom-in-historic-santa-fe-building/ |title=Notre Dame unveils Chicago executive classroom in historic Santa Fe Building |publisher=University of Notre Dame |date=August 13, 2008 |access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref> The university also hosts Global Centers located in [[Santiago]], [[São Paulo]], [[Mexico City]], [[Hong Kong]], and [[Mumbai]]. ===Community development=== The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development adjacent to campus funded by the university, broke ground in June 2008.<ref>{{cite web |last=Nagy |first=John |url=http://magazine.nd.edu/news/1220/ |title=Eddy Street Commons |date=November 3, 2008 |access-date=February 12, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eddycommons.com/ |title=Welcome to Eddy Street Commons |date=Summer 2008 |access-date=September 2, 2008}}</ref> The project drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wndu.com/home/headlines/33102884.html |title=Police escort needed at Eddy Commons construction site |publisher=[[WNDU-TV]] |date=October 23, 2008 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=June 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620184159/http://www.wndu.com/home/headlines/33102884.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The $90 million second phase broke ground in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |title=Eddy Street Commons Phase II breaks ground |url=http://www.abc57.com/news/eddy-street-commons-phase-ii-breaks-ground |website=ABC57|author-first1=Andrea|author-last1=Alvarez|date=19 December 2017}}</ref> {{Gallery |title=Campus of the University of Notre Dame |width=160 |height=170 |align=center |footer= |File:NDLS Kresge Law Library 2012.jpg |alt1=The central area of the Kresge Law Library |The central area of the Kresge Law Library |File:University of Notre Dame Grotto.JPG |alt2=University of Notre Dame's replica of the Grotto at Lourdes |University of Notre Dame's replica of the Grotto at Lourdes |File:Basilica and Dome, from God Quad.jpg |alt3=Basilica and Dome |Basilica and Dome |File:North Quad from Fr. Hesburgh's Office in the Hesburgh Library.JPG |alt4=University of Notre Dame: Main and South Quadrangles |University of Notre Dame: Main and South Quadrangles |File:Winter Dome.jpg |alt6=The Golden Dome in the Winter |The Golden Dome in the Winter |File:Dome though the trees.jpeg |alt7=Notre Dame Golden Dome through the trees |Notre Dame Golden Dome from West Entrance of Cavanaugh Hall }}
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