Editing University of California (section)

==Governance==
[[File:UC Office of the President.jpg|thumb|Office of the President of the University of California, in [[Oakland]]]]
All University of California campuses except the College of the Law in San Francisco are governed by the [[Regents of the University of California]] as required by the [[California Constitution|Constitution of the State of California]].<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" /> Eighteen regents are appointed by the [[Governor of California|governor]] for 12-year terms.<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" /> [[University of California Student Regent|One member]] is a student appointed for a one-year term.<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" /> There are also seven ''[[List of Latin phrases: E|ex officio]]'' members—the governor, [[Lieutenant Governor of California|lieutenant governor]], speaker of the [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]], [[California State Superintendent of Public Instruction|State Superintendent of Public Instruction]], president and vice president of the UC alumni associations, and the UC president.<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" /> The Academic Senate, made up of faculty members, is empowered by the regents to set academic policies.<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" /> In addition, the system-wide faculty chair and vice-chair sit on the Board of Regents as non-voting members.<ref name="CalConsArt9Sec9" />

===President of the University of California===
[[File:Blake House (University of California Presidential Residence) 2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Blake Garden (Kensington, California)|Blake House and Gardens]], built by architect [[Walter Danforth Bliss]] in 1924, served as the official residence of the UC President, from 1967 until 2008, when it was opened to the public.]]
Originally, the president was the chief executive of the first campus, Berkeley. In turn, other UC locations (with the exception of the Hastings College of the Law) were treated as off-site departments of the Berkeley campus, and were headed by [[provost (education)|provosts]] who were subordinate to the president. In March 1951, the regents reorganized the university's governing structure. Starting with the 1952–53 academic year, day-to-day "chief executive officer" functions for the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses were transferred to [[Chancellor (education)|chancellors]] who were vested with a high degree of autonomy, and reported as equals to UC's president.<ref name="Stadtman2" /><ref name="MargaretLeslieDavis" /><ref name="ClarkKerr1" /> As noted above, the regents promoted five additional UC locations to campuses and allowed them to have chancellors of their own in a series of decisions from 1958 to 1964,<ref name="Stadtman3" /> and the three campuses added since then have also been run by chancellors. In turn, all chancellors (again, with the exception of Hastings) report as equals to the University of California President. Today, the UC Office of the President (UCOP) and the Office of the Secretary and Chief of Staff to the Regents of the University of California share an office building in downtown Oakland that serves as the UC system's headquarters.<ref name="UCOPWelcomeGuide">{{cite book |last1=University of California Office of the President |title=UCOP Franklin-Broadway Campus Welcome Guide |date=2022 |publisher=Regents of the University of California |location=Oakland |page=9 |url=https://www.ucop.edu/future-of-work/_files/ucop_franklin_welcome_guide_f2_web.pdf |access-date=November 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613053613/https://www.ucop.edu/future-of-work/_files/ucop_franklin_welcome_guide_f2_web.pdf |archive-date=June 13, 2022 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Kerr's vision for UC governance was "one university with pluralistic decision-making".<ref name="ClarkKerr7">{{cite book |last1=Kerr |first1=Clark |title=The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949–1967, Volume 1 |date=2001 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=9780520223677 |page=218 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jMEZ_47vXkAC&pg=PA218 |access-date=August 29, 2020 |archive-date=September 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240905060941/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=jMEZ_47vXkAC&pg=PA218&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> In other words, the internal delegation of operational authority to chancellors at the campus level and allowing nine other campuses to become separate centers of academic life independent of Berkeley did not change the fact that all campuses remain part of one legal entity. As a 1968 UC centennial [[coffee table book]] explained: "Yet for all its campuses, colleges, schools, institutes, and research stations, it remains one University, under one Board of Regents and one president—the University of California."<ref name="Pickerell_Page11">{{cite book |last1=Pickerell |first1=Albert G. |last2=Dornin |first2=May |title=The University of California: A Pictorial History |date=1968 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=9780520010109 |page=11 |edition=1st |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=puujD9UcXXkC&pg=PA11 |access-date=August 29, 2020 |archive-date=April 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406145826/https://books.google.com/books?id=puujD9UcXXkC&pg=PA11 |url-status=live }}</ref> UC continues to take a "united approach" as one university in matters in which it inures to UC's advantage to do so, such as when negotiating with the legislature and governor in Sacramento.<ref name="ClarkKerr7" /> The University of California continues to manage certain matters at the systemwide level in order to maintain common standards across all campuses, such as student admissions, appointment and promotion of faculty, and approval of academic programs.<ref name="Pelfrey_Page47">{{cite book |last1=Pelfrey |first1=Patricia A. |last2=Cheney |first2=Margaret |title=A Brief History of the University of California |date=2004 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=9780520243903 |page=47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qbEwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA47 |access-date=October 14, 2020 |archive-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415171646/https://books.google.com/books?id=qbEwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT56 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====List of presidents====
{{see also|List of chancellors of the University of California, Berkeley#Presidents}}

The following persons have led the University of California as president since 1869:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ucop.edu/president/about/past-uc-presidents.html |title=Previous UC presidents |publisher=University of California}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}} !! Image !! Name !! Term start !! Term end !! Notes
|- bgcolor="#e6e6aa"
|acting
|[[File:Professor John Le Conte.jpg|70px]]
|[[John LeConte]]
|June 15, 1869
|August 16, 1870
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://sfexaminer.newspapers.com/newspage/457280689/ |title=MEETING OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS |date=June 15, 1869 |page=3 |newspaper=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |url-access=subscription |quote=Professor Le Conte Elected Temporary President of the University--Communication from the Trustees of the California College-Etc.}}</ref>
|-
|1
|[[File:Henry Durant.jpg|70px]]
|[[Henry Durant]]
|August 17, 1870
|November 6, 1872
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18700817.2.3&srpos=1&e=01-01-1870-31-12-1870--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Durant------- |title=State University. |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=22 |number=7453 |page=1 |date=August 17, 1870 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote= Mr. Durant was declared elected President of the University; and, on motion of Mr. Hagar, the Governor was requested to notify Mr. Durant, and request his acceptance of the position.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://sfexaminer.newspapers.com/newspage/461067855/ |title=THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA |date=August 17, 1870 |page=3 |newspaper=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |url-access=subscription |quote=}}</ref>
|-
|2
|[[File:Daniel Coit Gilman1.jpg|70px]]
|[[Daniel Coit Gilman]]
|November 7, 1872
|March 23, 1875
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SDU18720801.2.9&srpos=11&e=01-01-1871-31-12-1872--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Gilman+elected------- |title=NEWS OF THE MORNING. |newspaper=Sacramento Daily Union |volume=43 |number=6655 |page=3 |date=August 1, 1872 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=On the 30th instant the Board of Regents elected Professor D. C. Gilman, late of Yale College, President of the University of California, Tompkins having declined.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18721107.2.20&srpos=1&e=01-01-1871-31-12-1872--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Gilman+installed------- |title=President Gilman. |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=24 |number=8260 |page=5 |date=November 7, 1872 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Tomorrow (Thursday) Professor Oilman will be Installed as President of the State University.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH18750318.2.22&srpos=9&e=01-01-1874-31-12-1875--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+gilman------- |title=A Short Course of Instruction. |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Herald]] |volume=3 |number=145 |page=3 |date=March 18, 1875 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref>
|-
|3
|[[File:Professor John Le Conte.jpg|70px]]
|[[John LeConte]]
|March 24, 1875
|August 22, 1881
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=OT18750325.1.4&srpos=15&e=01-01-1874-31-12-1875--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Le+Conte------- |title=EXIT GILMAN. |newspaper=[[Oakland Tribune]] |volume=5 |number=324 |page=3 |date=March 25, 1875 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Yesterday was a gala day at Berkeley, the occasion being the retiracy of President Gilman and the inauguration of Prof. John Le Conte to that important office.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=PH18810611.2.37&srpos=3&e=01-01-1880-31-12-1881--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Le+Conte+resignation------- |title=THE UNIVERSITY MUDDLE. |newspaper=Placer Herald |volume=29 |number=45 |page=4 |date=June 11, 1881 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Since our article was written on the University muddle the Regents have carried out the recommendations of their Advisory Committee, by accepting President LeConte's resignation and removing Prof. Welcker.}}</ref>
|-
|4
|[[File:William Thomas Reid (1843–1922) c. 1908.png|70px]]
|[[W.T. Reid]]
|August 23, 1881
|July 31, 1885
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SD18810702.2.16&srpos=1&e=01-01-1880-31-12-1881--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Reid------- |title=THE STATE UNIVERSITY. |newspaper=Sonoma Democrat |volume=24 |number=37 |page=2 |date=July 2, 1881 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SDDU18810824.2.8&srpos=5&e=01-01-1880-31-12-1881--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Reid------- |title=The State University Inauguration of the New President. |newspaper=San Diego Union and Daily Bee |volume=21 |number=3357 |page=1 |date=August 24, 1881 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18850304.2.16&srpos=1&e=01-01-1884-31-12-1885--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Reid+resigns------- |title=UNIVERSITY REGENTS. |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=38 |number=12743 |page=1 |date=March 4, 1885 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=PRESIDENT REID RESIGNS... I therefore at this time submit my resignation, to take effect at the close of the academic year, August 1, 1885.}}</ref>
|-
|5
|[[File:Edward Singleton Holden 03688r.jpg|70px]]
|[[Edward S. Holden]]
|1885
|March 22, 1888
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18851021.2.73&srpos=2&e=01-01-1884-31-12-1885--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Edward+Holden------- |title=BOARD OF REGENTS. |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=39 |number=13004 |page=5 |date=October 21, 1885 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Professor Edward S. Holden, of the University of Wisconsin, had been elected President of the University of California and Director of the Lick Observatory, there being no other candidate.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18851222.2.26&srpos=1&e=01-01-1884-31-12-1885--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Holden+inauguration------- |title=PRESIDENT E. S. HOLDEN, Of the State University, to be Inaugurated January 6th. |volume=39 |number=13066 |page=2 |date=December 6, 1885 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18880111.2.41&srpos=1&e=01-01-1887-31-12-1888--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Edward+Holden------- |title=UNIVERSITY REGENTS. |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=42 |number=14012 |page=2 |date=January 11, 1888 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=The Special Committee appointed to consider the resolution accepting the resignation of Edward S. Holden as the President of the University and resolutions appointing the Director of and the Astronomers in the Lick Observatory, and resolutions appointing a secretary and librarian, and also a machinist, a laborer and a janitor, reported through A. L. Rhodes.}}</ref>
|-
|6
|[[File:HoraceDavis.jpg|70px]]
|[[Horace Davis]]
|March 23, 1888
|September 15, 1890
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJH18880208.2.43&srpos=2&e=01-01-1887-31-12-1888--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Horace+Davis------- |title=Horace Davis |newspaper=San Jose herald |volume=44 |number=33 |page=5 |date=February 8, 1888 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Horace Davis, one of the best known citizens of California, was yesterday elected President of the State University at Berkeley at a special meeting of the Regents of the University of California held in the Patent Room of the Mechanics Institute.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJMN18880324.2.47&srpos=44&e=01-01-1887-31-12-1888--en--20--41--txt-txIN-university+president+Horace+Davis------- |title=PRESIDENT DAVIS. |newspaper=San Jose herald |volume=33 |number=84 |page=4 |date=March 24, 1888 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Horace Davis was inaugurated President of the University of California this afternoon. The ceremonies, which were held at Berkeley in the Harmon Gymnasium and in connection with the Charter-day celebration, attracted a tremendous crowd.}}</ref><ref name="Davis retires">{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18900916.2.59&srpos=9&e=01-01-1890-31-12-1890--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Martin+Kellogg------- |title=Berkeley |newspaper=[[The Daily Alta California]] |volume=83 |number=78 |page=5 |date=September 16, 1890 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Yesterday Horace Davis retired as President of the State University. Professor Martin S. Kellogg will serve as Provisional President.}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#e6e6aa"
|acting
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[Martin Kellogg]]
|September 16, 1890
|January 24, 1893
|<ref name="Davis retires"/>
|-
|7
|January 24, 1893
|July 1899
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJMN18930125.2.12&srpos=2&e=01-01-1893-31-12-1893--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Martin+Kellogg------- |title=THE UNIVERSITY PRESIDENCY |newspaper=[[San Jose Mercury-News]] |volume=43 |number=25 |page=1 |date=January 25, 1893 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=The University Regents to-day elected Acting President Martin Kellogg permanent President of the State University.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJMN18980914.2.88&srpos=1&e=01-01-1898-31-12-1899--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Martin+Kellogg+resigns------- |title=PROF. KELLOGG RESIGNS. |newspaper=[[San Jose Mercury-News]] |volume=54 |number=76 |page=1 |date=September 14, 1898 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref>
|-
|8
|[[File:Benjamin Ide Wheeler cph.3b35782.jpg|70px]]
|[[Benjamin Ide Wheeler]]
|October 1, 1899
|July 15, 1919
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SFC18990719.2.52&srpos=4&e=01-01-1898-31-12-1899--en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+Benjamin+Wheeler------- |title=WHEELER IS NOW PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY |newspaper=[[The San Francisco Call]] |volume=86 |number=49 |page=7 |date=July 19, 1899 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Professor Wheeler will not assume the duties of his new office until October 1.}}</ref><ref name="Wheeler retires">{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MU19190717.2.13&srpos=6&e=01-01-1918-31-12-1920--en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+Benjamin+Wheeler+retires------- |title=DR. WHEELER IS NO LONGER HEAD OF UNIVERSITY |newspaper=Morning Union |page=1 |date=July 17, 1919 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Dr. Benjamin Ide Wheeler retired Tuesday evening as president of the University of California after having completed a service as head of the institution just three days less than twenty years... The affairs of the University of California will be governed by the committee of deans until a new president is named by the Board of Regents. Dean William Carey Jones Avill head the governing body, assisted by Dean Charles Mills Gayley and Comptroller Ralph Merritt.}}</ref>
|-
|colspan="6" bgcolor="#eeeeee" align="center" style="font-weight:bold"|University led by a committee of deans, July–December 1919<ref name="Wheeler retires"/>
|-
|9
|[[File:David P. Barrows LCCN2014714775 (cropped).jpg|70px]]
|[[David Prescott Barrows]]
|December 20, 1919
|June 30, 1923
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=OLSF19191220.2.9&srpos=1&e=01-01-1918-31-12-1919--en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+David+Barrows------- |title=DR. DAVID PRESCOTT BARROWS IS APPOINTED PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA |newspaper=Organized Labor |volume=20 |number=51 |page=1 |date=December 20, 1919 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref>
|-
|10
|[[File:Campbell William Wallace.jpg|70px]]
|[[William Wallace Campbell]]
|July 1, 1923
|June 30, 1930
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MM19230105.2.13&srpos=3&e=01-01-1922-31-12-1923--en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+William+Campbell------- |title=DR. CAMPBELL NEW HEAD OF UC. |newspaper=[[Madera Mercury]] |volume=136 |number=1 |page=1 |date=January 5, 1923 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=He will take office July 1. when Dr. Barrows will become a professor of political science.}}</ref>
|-
|11
|[[File:Robert Gordon Sproul, 1936.jpg|70px]]
|[[Robert Gordon Sproul]]
|July 1, 1930
|June 30, 1958
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19290819.2.2&srpos=19&e=01-01-1929-31-12-1930--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Sproul------- |title=ROBT. SPROUL NEW U. C. HEAD; DR. W.W.CAMPBELL TO RESIGN |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=18 |number=1 |page=1 |date=August 19, 1929 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Robert G. Sproul, vice-president and comptroller of the University of California, has been named to succeed President Campbell, who plans to retire on July 1, 1930.}}</ref> Direct control of Berkeley and other campuses were transferred to respective campus chancellors, such as Clark Kerr for Berkeley campus, on July 1, 1952.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=OT19520208.1.17&srpos=17&e=01-01-1952-31-12-1952--en--20--1--txt-txIN-chancellor+kerr------- |title=Dr. Clark Kerr to Take Over As U.C Chancellor in July |newspaper=[[Oakland Tribune]] |volume=156 |number=39 |page=6 |date=February 8, 1952 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Dr. Clark Kerr, director of the Institute of Industrial Relations, is expected to step into his role as first chancellor on the Berkeley campus of the University of California on July 1.}}</ref> Retired as president of UC system<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCR19580320.2.16&srpos=1&e=01-01-1957-31-12-1958--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Sproul+retires------- |title=PRESIDENT SPROUL RETIRES IN JUNE |newspaper=Highlander |volume=5 |number=20 |page=1 |date=March 20, 1958 |first=Vince |last=Lawton |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=One of the most distinguished careers in American education will officially end next June 30 with the retirement of Robert Gordon Sproul from the presidency of the University of California.}}</ref>
|-
|12
|[[File:Clark Kerr, 1964.jpg|70px]]
|[[Clark Kerr]]
|July 1, 1958
|January 20, 1967
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCR19571029.2.3&srpos=6&e=01-01-1957-31-12-1958--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Kerr------- |title=Kerr to Replace Sproul |newspaper=Highlander |volume=5 |number=7 |page=1 |date=October 29, 1957 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=He said Kerr’s appointment will take effect on the previously announced retirement of Robert Gordon Sproul July 1, 1958.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19670123.2.3&e=01-01-1966-31-12-1967--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Wellman+acting------- |title=14-8 vote Regents dismiss Kerr |first=Ceci |last=Little |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=69 |number=45 |page=1 |date=January 23, 1967 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=OT19670121.1.1&e=01-01-1966-31-12-1967--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Kerr+fired------- |title=Kerr Denies Demand for Showdown |newspaper=[[Oakland Tribune]] |volume=94 |number=21 |page=1 |date=January 21, 1967 |first1=Gerald |last1=Sturges |first2=Gene |last2=Ayres |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb896nb4tk;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00013&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=oac4 |title=The Firing of Clark Kerr |publisher=[[Online Archive of California]]}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#e6e6aa"
|acting
|
|[[Harry R. Wellman]]
|January 20, 1967
|December 31, 1967
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19670123.2.10&srpos=4&e=01-01-1966-31-12-1967--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Wellman+acting------- |title=Wellman is acting pres. |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=69 |number=45 |page=2 |date=January 23, 1967 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref>
|-
|13
|
|[[Charles J. Hitch]]
|January 1, 1968
|June 30, 1975
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19671002.2.18&srpos=1&e=01-01-1967-31-12-1968--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Hitch------- |title=REGENTS SELECT CHARLES J. HITCH FOR PRESIDENCY |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=70 |number=1 |page=3 |date=October 2, 1967 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=ucsf19741024-01.2.4&srpos=2&e=01-01-1974-31-12-1975--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Hitch+resigns------- |title=Hitch Resigns |newspaper=Synapse |volume=19 |number=7 |page=1 |date=October 24, 1974 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=Asking to be included in presenting announcements at the Friday morning meeting, Hitch read a prepared statement which began, "I have decided to retire as President of the University of California and Professor of Economics at Berkeley effective June 30. 1975."}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb238nb0fs&chunk.id=div00036&brand=oac4&doc.view=entire_text |title=Charles Johnston Hitch, Economics: Berkeley |publisher=[[Online Archive of California]]}}</ref>
|-
|14
|
|[[David S. Saxon]]
|July 1, 1975
|June 30, 1983
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19750303.2.4&srpos=17&e=01-01-1974-31-12-1975--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+saxon------- |title=Regents Name Saxon as 14th UC President |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=87 |number=40 |page=1 |date=March 3, 1975 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=David S. Saxon, 55, was named fourteenth president of the University of California at a special meeting of the Regents here today (March 1). He will take office July 1, when Charles J. Hitch will , retire.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=TULAR19820907.1.1&srpos=2&e=01-01-1982-31-09-1983--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Saxon+resigns------- |title=Saxon resigns as president of UC |newspaper=Tulare Advance Register |volume=100 |number=221 |page=1 |date=September 7, 1982 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/06/22/us/budget-cuts-may-force-university-of-california-to-reduce-its-size-and-scope.html |title=Budget cuts may force University of California to reduce its size and scope |first=Robert |last=Lindsey |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 22, 1983}}</ref>
|-
|15
|
|[[David P. Gardner]]
|August 1, 1983
|nowrap|September 30, 1992
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19830810.2.25&srpos=5&e=01-01-1983-31-12-1983--en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+Gardner------- |title=Gardner Officially Assumes Position |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=102 |number=5 |page=3 |date=August 10, 1983 |first=Andrew |last=Smith |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=David Gardner, who succeeded David Saxon as president of the University of California, officially assumed his new position on Monday, Aug. 1.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19920505.2.2&srpos=2&e=01-01-1991-31-12-1992--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Gardner+retires------- |title=Gardner defends retirement deal |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=111 |number=72 |page= |date=May 5, 1992 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=}}</ref>
|-
|16
|[[File:Jack Peltason.jpg|70px]]
|[[Jack W. Peltason]]
|October 1, 1992
|September 30, 1995
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCD19920406.2.5&srpos=1&e=01-01-1991-31-12-1992--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Peltason------- |title=Peltason named new UC president |newspaper=[[The California Aggie]] |volume=111 |number=50 |page=1 |date=April 6, 1992 |first=Vanessa |last=Lee |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=UC Irvine Chancellor Jack Peltason was introduced Friday as the University of California’s 16th president. The UC regents unanimously selected Peltason to succeed outgoing UC President David Gardner, who will step down Oct. 1. Gardner announced his resignation last November, citing his inability to continue with the presidency following the death of his wife.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-04-04-mn-245-story.html |title=Peltason Named as President of UC System |first=Larry |last=Gordon |date=April 4, 1992 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-01-14-mn-20018-story.html |title=UC Chief Expected to Announce Retirement : Education: Jack W. Peltason, former chancellor of UC Irvine, will resign effective Oct. 1, a source says. |first=Amy |last=Wallace |date=January 14, 1995 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
|-
|17
|[[File:RCARobes.jpg|70px]]
|[[Richard C. Atkinson]]
|October 1, 1995
|October 1, 2003
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=ucsf19950914-01.2.9&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-president+Atkinson------- |title=Atkinson named UC President; UCSA disappointed |newspaper=Synapse |volume=40 |number=2 |page=3 |date=September 14, 1995 |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://currents.ucsc.edu/02-03/11-18/atkinson.html |title=UC President Richard Atkinson to retire |date=November 18, 2002 |work=UC Santa Cruz Currents Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://rca.ucsd.edu/docs/AtkinsonPresidencyTimeline.pdf |title=Atkinson Presidency Timeline |date=August 2003 |work=UCSD}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=UCR20031007.2.2&srpos=3&e=01-01-2002-31-12-2003--en--20--1--txt-txIN-university+president+Dynes------- |title=Atkinson steps down, Dynes steps up |newspaper=Highlander |volume=51 |number=2 |page=1 |date=October 7, 2003 |first=Katherine |last=Steelman |via=[[California Digital Newspaper Collection]] |quote=On Friday, Oct. 2, Richard Atkinson stepped down as president of the University of California, to be replaced by Robert C. Dynes, physicist and ex-chancellor of UC San Diego.}}</ref>
|-
|18
|
|[[Robert C. Dynes]]
|October 2, 2003
|June 15, 2008
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adminrecords.ucsd.edu/Notices/2003/2003-6-11-3.html |title=UCSD Chancellor Dynes Named New UC President |publisher=The Regents of the University of California |via=UCSD |quote=I am very pleased to inform you that the Board of Regents today appointed Robert C. Dynes, a distinguished physicist, dedicated teacher, and highly skilled chancellor of UC San Diego, as the 18th president of the University of California system, effective Oct. 2, 2003.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://dailynexus.com/2007-06-27/university-of-california-president-to-resign/ |title=University of California President To Resign |date=June 27, 2007 |first=Aria |last=Miran |newspaper=[[Daily Nexus]]}}</ref>
|-
|19
|[[File:Mark Yudof official UC photo.jpg|70px]]
|[[Mark Yudof]]
|June 16, 2008
|August 31, 2013
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2008/03/103009/university-california-appoints-new-president-mark-g-yudof |title=University of California Appoints New President Mark G. Yudof |date=March 28, 2008 |work=UCSF}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-15-me-yudof15-story.html |title=New UC chief is ready for action |date=June 15, 2008 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |first=Larry |last=Gordon |url-access=subscription |quote=And on Monday, the distinctly nonathletic attorney who has led the University of Texas for six years heads to Arnold-land at a time when Schwarzenegger is advocating a state budget that would lead to big spending cuts for UC.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2013/01/104472/mark-yudof-step-down-uc-president |title=Mark Yudof to Step Down as UC President |date=January 18, 2013 |work=UCSF}}</ref>
|-
|20
|[[File:Janet Napolitano by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|70px]]
|[[Janet Napolitano]]
|nowrap|September 30, 2013
|July 31, 2020
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/university-california-welcomes-president-napolitano |title=University of California welcomes President Napolitano |date=September 30, 2013 |work=University of California}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://triton.news/2019/09/uc-president-janet-napolitano-announces-resignation-at-regents-meeting/ |title=Announces Resignation at Regents Meeting |first1=Ella |last1=Chen |first2=Orianna |last2=Borrelli |date=March 4, 2023 |newspaper=The Triton}}</ref>
|-
|21
|[[File:Michael V Drake.jpg|70px]]
|[[Michael V. Drake]]
|August 1, 2020
|present
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/uc-president-michael-drake-visits-uc-riverside |title=UC President Michael Drake visits UC Riverside |publisher=[[University of California]]}}</ref>
|-
|}

All UC presidents had been white men until 2013, when former [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Homeland Security]] [[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary]], and [[Governor of Arizona]], [[Janet Napolitano]] became the first woman to hold the office of UC President.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gordon |first=Larry |title=Janet Napolitano, Homeland Security chief, to head UC |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-uc-president-20130712,0,83979.story |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=July 12, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-date=February 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216160855/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-uc-president-20130712,0,83979.story |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 7, 2020, Dr. [[Michael V. Drake]], a former UC chancellor and medical research professor, was selected as the 21st president of the University of California system, making him the first black president to hold the office in UC's 152-year history. He took office on August 1, 2020.<ref>{{cite web |last=Watanabe |first=Teresa |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Michael V. Drake named new UC president, first Black leader in system's 152-year history |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-07-07/michael-v-drake-is-expected-to-be-named-uc-president-first-black-leader-in-systems-152-year-history |access-date=July 7, 2020 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |language=en-US |archive-date=July 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713080103/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-07-07/michael-v-drake-is-expected-to-be-named-uc-president-first-black-leader-in-systems-152-year-history |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Official residences====
[[File:University House UC Berkeley.jpg|thumb|right|[[University House, Berkeley]] served as the official residence of the UC President from 1911 until 1958. Today it serves Berkeley's Chancellor.]]
Besides substantial six-figure incomes, the UC president and all UC chancellors enjoy controversial perks such as free housing in the form of university-maintained mansions.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions">{{Cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/11/14/MNGDFFO0JJ1.DTL |title=Free mansions for people of means: UC system spends about $1 million yearly on upkeep |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=November 14, 2005 |page=A9 |author=Tanya Schevitz & Todd Wallack |access-date=July 10, 2006 |archive-date=March 10, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310203540/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/11/14/MNGDFFO0JJ1.DTL |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1962, Anson Blake's will donated his {{convert|10|acre|m2|adj=on}} estate ([[Blake Garden, Kensington|Blake Garden]]) and mansion (Blake House) in [[Kensington, California|Kensington]] to the University of California's Department of Landscape Architecture. In 1968, the regents decided to make Blake House the official residence of the UC president. As of 2005, it cost around $300,000 per year to maintain Blake Garden and Blake House; the latter, built in 1926, is a {{convert|13239|sqft|m2|adj=on}} mansion with a view of San Francisco Bay.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions"/>

Blake House has sat vacant since President Dynes departed in 2008, due to the high cost of needed seismic strengthening and renovating its dilapidated interior (estimated at $3.5 million in 2013).<ref name="Dinkelspiel">{{cite news |last1=Dinkelspiel |first1=Frances |author-link=Frances Dinkelspiel |title=University of California buys $6.5M Berkeley home for its president |url=https://www.berkeleyside.org/2022/04/12/uc-buys-6-5-million-berkeley-mansion-president |access-date=September 30, 2022 |work=Berkeleyside |date=April 12, 2022 |archive-date=September 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930052759/https://www.berkeleyside.org/2022/04/12/uc-buys-6-5-million-berkeley-mansion-president |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2008 to 2022, all three UC presidents during that timeframe (i.e., Yudof, Napolitano, and Drake) lived in rented homes.<ref name="Dinkelspiel" /> In 2022, UC finally purchased the [[Selden Williams House]], a {{convert|6400|sqft|m2|adj=on}} house in Berkeley, for $6.5 million to serve as the UC president's official residence.<ref name="Dinkelspiel" /> UC had previously owned the same home from 1971 to 1991, when it served as the official residence of the UC vice president.<ref name="Dinkelspiel" /> (UC no longer has a single "vice president"; the president's direct reports now have titles like "executive vice president", "senior vice president", or "vice president".<ref name="UCOPOrgChart">{{cite web |title=University of California Office of the President Organizational Chart |url=https://www.ucop.edu/president/_files/ucop-org-chart.pdf |website=University of California Office of the President |publisher=Regents of the University of California |access-date=November 17, 2022 |date=July 29, 2022 |archive-date=November 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117144624/https://www.ucop.edu/president/_files/ucop-org-chart.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>) 
[[File:2821 Claremont Boulevard.jpg|thumb|[[Selden Williams House]], built in 1928 and designed by architect [[Julia Morgan]], serves as the official residence of the UC President, since 2022.]]
All UC chancellors traditionally live for free in a mansion on or near campus that is usually known as ''University House'', where they host social functions attended by guests and donors.<ref>See University of California Regents Policy 7708, [https://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/governance/policies/7708.html "University-Provided Housing"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817140659/https://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/governance/policies/7708.html |date=August 17, 2024 }}, as amended through February 27, 2024, and University of California Policy BFB-G-45, [https://policy.ucop.edu/doc/3420356/BFB-G-45 "Implementing Requirements on Expenses Incurred in Support of Official Responsibilities of the President and Chancellors"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008231400/https://policy.ucop.edu/doc/3420356/BFB-G-45 |date=October 8, 2022 }}, as amended through November 1, 2016, p. 2.</ref> Berkeley's [[University House, Berkeley|University House]] formerly served as the official residence of the UC president, but is now the official residence of Berkeley's chancellor. UCSD's [[Audrey Geisel University House|University House]] was closed from 2004 to 2014 for $10.5 million in renovations paid for by private donors, which were so expensive because the 12,000-square-foot structure sits on top of a sacred Native American cemetery and next to an unstable coastal bluff.<ref name="Kucher">{{cite news |last1=Kucher |first1=Karen |title=Chancellor's home gets $10M rehab |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2013/dec/19/university-house-ucsd-chancellor-khosla-geisel/ |access-date=January 14, 2016 |work=The San Diego Union-Tribune |date=December 19, 2013 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064306/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2013/dec/19/university-house-ucsd-chancellor-khosla-geisel/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schwab">{{cite news |last1=Schwab |first1=Dave |title=10 years later, Chancellor's house finally becomes a home |url=http://sdnews.com/bookmark/24447797-10-years-later-Chancellor-s-house-finally-becomes-a-home |access-date=January 14, 2016 |work=SDNews.com |publisher=San Diego Community News Group |date=January 24, 2014 |archive-date=August 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820014705/http://sdnews.com/bookmark/24447797-10-years-later-Chancellor-s-house-finally-becomes-a-home |url-status=dead }}</ref> Not all chancellors prefer to live on campus; at Santa Barbara, Chancellor [[Robert Huttenback]] found that campus's University House to be unsatisfactory, then was convicted in 1988 of embezzlement for his unauthorized use of university funds to improve his off-campus residence.<ref name="Ebenstein">{{cite journal |last1=Ebenstein |first1=Lanny |title=The Rise of UCSB |journal=Noticias: Journal of the Santa Barbara Historical Museum |date=2013 |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=117–183 |url=https://issuu.com/santabarbaramuseum/docs/132309_noticias_web |access-date=August 18, 2020 |author-link1=Alan O. Ebenstein |archive-date=September 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240905061544/https://issuu.com/santabarbaramuseum/docs/132309_noticias_web |url-status=live }} (At pp. 160-163.)</ref>

===Finances===
{{main|University of California finances}}

The State of California currently (2021–2022) spends $3.467 billion on the UC system, out of total UC operating revenues of $41.6 billion. The "UC Budget for Current Operations" lists the medical centers as the largest revenue source, contributing 39% of the budget, the federal government 11%, Core Funds (State General Funds, UC General Funds, student tuition) 21%, private support (gifts, grants, endowments) 7% ,and Sales and Services at 21%. In 1980, the state funded 86.8% of the UC budget.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |url=http://www.webbcanyonchronicle.com/#!Part-One-State-reduces-UC-funding-causing-tuition-increases/cjds/563ede730cf2833083323cfb |title=Part One: State reduces UC funding causing tuition increases |last=Reznik |first=Ethan |date=November 19, 2015 |newspaper=Webb Canyon Chronicle |issue=One |volume=VIII |access-date=July 21, 2016 |archive-date=July 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702052304/http://www.webbcanyonchronicle.com/#!Part-One-State-reduces-UC-funding-causing-tuition-increases/cjds/563ede730cf2833083323cfb |url-status=live }}</ref> While state funding has somewhat recovered, as of 2019 state support still lags behind even recent historic levels (e.g. 2001) when adjusted for inflation.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{cite web |url=https://www.ucop.edu/operating-budget/_files/rbudget/2019-20-budget-summary.pdf |title=Budget for Current Operations 2019–20: Summary of the Budget Request as Presented to the Regents for Approval |publisher=University of California |access-date=July 19, 2022 |archive-date=July 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220727023043/https://www.ucop.edu/operating-budget/_files/rbudget/2019-20-budget-summary.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to the California Public Policy Institute, California spends 12% of its General Fund on higher education, but that percentage is divided between the University of California, California State University and California Community Colleges. Over the past forty years, state funding of higher education has dropped from 18% to 12%, resulting in a drop in UC's per student funding from $23,000 in 2016 to a current $8,000 per year per student.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ppic.org/publication/higher-education-funding-in-california/ |title=Higher Education Funding in California |website=Public Policy Institute of California |access-date=December 30, 2021 |archive-date=December 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230142944/https://www.ppic.org/publication/higher-education-funding-in-california/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:University of California Office of the President.jpg|thumb|right|View of the UC Office of the President.]]
In May 2004, UC President [[Robert C. Dynes]] and CSU Chancellor [[Charles B. Reed]] struck a private deal, called the "Higher Education Compact", with Governor [[Arnold Schwarzenegger|Schwarzenegger]]. They agreed to slash spending by about a billion dollars (about a third of the university's core budget for academic operations) in exchange for a funding formula lasting until 2011. The agreement calls for modest annual increases in state funds (but not enough to replace the loss in state funds Dynes and Schwarzenegger agreed to), private fundraising to help pay for basic programs, and large student fee hikes, especially for graduate and professional students. A detailed analysis of the Compact by the Academic Senate "Futures Report" indicated, despite the large fee increases, the university core budget did not recover to 2000 levels.<ref>{{cite web |author=Committee on Planning and Budget |title=Current Budget Trends and The Future of the University of California |publisher=University of California |url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/senate/committees/ucpb/futures.report0506.pdf |date=May 2006 |access-date=March 6, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226210332/http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/senate/committees/ucpb/futures.report0506.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2008 }}</ref> Undergraduate student fees have risen 90% from 2003 to 2007.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paddock |first=Richard C. |title=Less to bank on at state universities |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 6, 2007 |access-date=October 6, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606013321/http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07%2C0%2C5052218%2Cfull.story?coll=la-home-center |archive-date=June 6, 2010 }}</ref> In 2011, for the first time in UC's history, student fees exceeded contributions from the State of California.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ucop.edu/operating-budget/ |title=Budget Analysis and Planning &#124; UCOP |website=www.ucop.edu |access-date=April 2, 2019 |archive-date=April 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411151909/https://www.ucop.edu/operating-budget/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[California courts of appeal|First District Court of Appeal]] in San Francisco ruled in 2007 that the University of California owed nearly $40 million in refunds to about 40,000 students who were promised that their tuition fees would remain steady, but were hit with increases when the state ran short of money in 2003.<ref>{{cite news |last=Egelko |first=Bob |title=UC owes millions in refunds to students, appeals court rules |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/03/BAAOT5MKR.DTL |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=November 3, 2007 |access-date=November 3, 2007 |archive-date=November 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104140817/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/03/BAAOT5MKR.DTL |url-status=live }}</ref>

In September 2019, the University of California announced it will [[Fossil fuel divestment|divest]] its $83 billion in endowment and pension funds from the fossil fuel industry, ostensibly to avoid the "financial risk" inherent in that industry because of [[climate change]], but also in response to pleas to stop investing in fossil fuel.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2019/09/uc-divests-fossil-fuels-citing-finance-renewable-energy-climate-change/ |title=Citing 'financial risk,' UC pledges to divest from fossil fuels |last=Mello |first=Felicia |date=September 18, 2019 |website=CalMatters |language=en-US |access-date=June 1, 2022 |archive-date=October 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015171802/https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2019/09/uc-divests-fossil-fuels-citing-finance-renewable-energy-climate-change/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Criticism===
In 2008, the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]], the regional accreditor of the UC schools, criticized the UC system for "significant problems in governance, leadership and decision making" and "confusion about the roles and responsibilities of the university president, the regents and the 10 campus chancellors with no clear lines of authority and boundaries".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/12/BAPOV0C6G.DTL |title=UC criticized for poor governance, controls |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=February 12, 2008 |last=Schevitz |first=Tanya |date=February 12, 2008 |archive-date=January 16, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116011215/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/12/BAPOV0C6G.DTL |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2016, university system officials admitted that they monitored all e-mails sent to and from their servers.<ref name="uofbigbrother">{{cite news |last1=Jaschik |first1=Scott |title=U of Big Brother? |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/02/01/u-california-faculty-members-object-new-email-monitoring |access-date=February 1, 2016 |work=Inside Higher Ed |date=February 1, 2016 |archive-date=February 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202114252/https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/02/01/u-california-faculty-members-object-new-email-monitoring |url-status=live }}</ref>