Editing Unconscious mind (section)

===Nineteenth century===

According to historian of psychology Mark Altschule, "It is difficult—or perhaps impossible—to find a nineteenth-century psychologist or psychiatrist who did not recognize unconscious cerebration as not only real but of the highest importance."<ref>Altschule, Mark. ''Origins of Concepts in Human Behavior''. New York: Wiley, 1977, p.199</ref> In 1890, when psychoanalysis was still unheard of, [[William James]], in his monumental treatise on psychology (''[[The Principles of Psychology]]''), examined the way [[Schopenhauer]], [[Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann|von Hartmann]], [[Pierre Janet|Janet]], [[Alfred Binet|Binet]] and others had used the term 'unconscious' and 'subconscious.'"<ref>Meyer, Catherine (edited by). ''Le livre noir de la psychanalyse: Vivre, penser et aller mieux sans Freud''. Paris: Les Arènes, 2005, p.217</ref> German psychologists, [[Gustav Fechner]] and [[Wilhelm Wundt]], had begun to use the term in their experimental psychology, in the context of manifold, jumbled [[sense data]] that the mind organizes at an ''unconscious'' level before revealing it as a cogent totality in conscious form."<ref>Wozniak, Robert H. ''Mind and Body: Rene Déscartes to William James''. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 1992</ref> [[Eduard von Hartmann]] published a book dedicated to the topic, ''[[Philosophy of the Unconscious]],'' in 1869.