Editing Trichinosis (section)

==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis of trichinosis is confirmed by a combination of exposure history, clinical diagnosis, and laboratory testing.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

===Exposure history===
An epidemiological investigation can be done to determine a patient's exposure to raw infected meat. Often, an infection arises from home preparation of contaminated meat, in which case microscopy of the meat may be used to determine the infection. Exposure determination does not have to be directly from a laboratory-confirmed infected animal. Indirect exposure criteria include the consumption of products from a laboratory-confirmed infected animal or sharing of a common exposure with a laboratory-confirmed infected human.<ref name=two>{{cite journal | author = Gottstein B | year = 2009 | title = Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control of Trichinellosis | journal = Clinical Microbiology Reviews | volume = 22 | issue = 1| pages = 127–45 | doi=10.1128/cmr.00026-08|display-authors=etal | pmid=19136437 | pmc=2620635}}</ref>

===Clinical diagnosis===
Clinical presentation of the common trichinosis symptoms may also suggest infection. These symptoms include eye puffiness, [[splinter hemorrhage]], nonspecific [[gastroenteritis]], and muscle pain.<ref name="two"/> The case definition for trichinosis at the European Center for Disease Control states, "at least three of the following six: [[fever]], muscle soreness and pain, [[gastrointestinal symptom]]s, facial [[edema]], [[eosinophilia]], and subconjunctival, subungual, and retinal [[hemorrhages]]."<ref name="two"/>

===Laboratory testing===
Blood tests and [[microscopy]] can be used to aid in the diagnosis of trichinosis. Blood tests include a complete blood count for eosinophilia, [[creatine phosphokinase]] activity, and various immunoassays such as [[ELISA]] for larval antigens.<ref name="two"/>

In some cases, muscle biopsies are performed, where "0.2 to 0.5 grams of human or animal skeletal muscle tissue is collected and examined for Trichinella larvae via artificial digestion or histological analysis."<ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=2024-05-22 |title=Clinical Overview of Trichinellosis |url=https://www.cdc.gov/trichinellosis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html |access-date=2025-01-17 |website=Trichinellosis (Trichinosis) |language=en-us}}</ref>