Editing Timeline of Christian missions (section)

== 1700 to 1799 ==
{{Main|Christianity in the 18th century}}
{{See also|Timeline of Christianity#18th century}}
{{See also|Modern history of Christianity#Revivalism (1720–1906)}}
* 1700 – After a Swedish missionary's sermon in [[Pennsylvania]], one Native American posed such searching questions that the episode was reported in a [[1731 in literature|1731 history]] of the Swedish church in America. The interchange is noted in [[Benjamin Franklin]]'s ''Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America'' (1784).<ref>[http://www2.latech.edu/~bmagee/202/franklin/Savages2.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601163347/http://www2.latech.edu/~bmagee/202/franklin/Savages2.htm|date=June 1, 2009}}</ref>
* 1701 – [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]] officially organized<ref name=kanep82/>
* 1702 – [[George Keith (missionary)|George Keith]], returns to America as a missionary of the newly organized [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]]
* 1703 – The [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]] expands to the West Indies<ref>Herzog, vol. XII, p. 316</ref>
* 1704 – French missionary priests arrive to evangelize the [[Chitimacha]] living along the [[Mississippi River]] in what is now the state of [[Louisiana]]
* 1706 – [[Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg]], German missionary, arrives in [[Tranquebar]]
* 1706 – Irish-born [[Francis Makemie]], who has been an itinerant Presbyterian missionary among the colonists of America since 1683, is finally able to organize the first American presbytery
* 1707 – Italian [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchin]] missionaries reach [[Kathmandu]] in [[Nepal]]. [[Maillard de Tournon]] makes public, in [[Nanjing]], the [[Holy See|Vatican]] decisions on rites, including the stipulations against the veneration of ancestors and of [[Confucius]].
* 1708 – Jesuit missionary [[Giovanni Battista Sidotti]] is arrested in Japan. He is taken to [[Edo]] (now called Tokyo) to be interrogated by [[Arai Hakuseki]]
* 1709 – [[Experience Mayhew]], missionary to the [[Martha's Vineyard]] Indians, translates the [[Psalms]] and the [[Gospel of John]] into the [[Massachusett]] language. It will be a work considered second only to John Eliot's Indian Bible in terms of significant Indian-language translations in colonial [[New England]]
* 1710 – First modern Bible Society founded in Germany by [[Count Canstein]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Clausen Books |url=http://clausenbooks.com/bible1800.htm |title=Eighteenth Century Bibles and Biblical History From 1700-1799 |work=Clausenbooks.com |access-date=2010-07-10}}</ref>
* 1711 – Jesuit [[Eusebio Kino]], missionary explorer in southern [[Arizona]] and northern Sonora, dies suddenly in northern Mexico. Kino, who has been called "the cowboy missionary", had fought against the exploitation of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indians]] in Mexican silver mines.
* 1712 – Using a press sent by [[SPCK|The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge]], the [[Danish-Halle Mission|Tranquebar Mission]] in India begins printing books in the [[Portuguese language]]
* 1713 – Jesuit [[Ippolito Desideri]] goes to [[Tibet]] as a missionary
* 1714 – New Testament translated into [[Tamil language|Tamil]] (India);<ref>Neill, p. 195</ref> the [[Royal Danish College of Missions]] is organized in [[Copenhagen]]<!--not an educational institution-->
* 1715 – [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] missionary outreach is renewed in [[Manchuria]] and Northern China<ref name="antiochian-orthodox.co.uk"/>
* 1718 – The establishment of the [[Alamo Mission in San Antonio]] is authorized by the [[viceroy]] of Mexico. The mission was to be an educational center for [[North American Indians|Native Americans]] who converted to Christianity.
* 1717 – Chen Mao writes to the Chinese Emperor about his concerns over [[Roman Catholic church|Catholic]] missionaries and Western traders. He urgently requested an all-out prohibition of Catholic missionaries in the [[Qing dynasty|Qing provinces]].
* 1718 – [[Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg]] constructs a church building in India that is still in use today
* 1719 – [[Isaac Watts]] writes missionary [[hymn]] ''Jesus Shall Reign Where'er the Sun''<ref name=kanep83>Kane, p. 83</ref>
* 1720 – Missionary Johann Ernst Gruendler dies in India. He had arrived there in 1709 with the sponsorship of the Danish Mission Society
* 1721 – Mission San Juan Bautista Malibat in [[Baja California]] is abandoned due to the hostility of the Cochimi Indians, as well as to the decimation of the local population by epidemics and a water shortage. Chinese [[Kangxi Emperor]] bans Christian missionaries as a result of the [[Chinese Rites controversy]]. [[Hans Egede]] goes to [[Greenland]] under the dual auspices of the Royal Mission College and the [[Bergen Company]].
* 1723 – Robert Millar publishes ''A History of the Propagation of Christianity and the Overthrow of Paganism'' advocating prayer as the primary means of converting non-Christians<ref name=kanep83/>
* 1724 – [[Yongzheng Emperor]] bans missionary activities outside the Beijing area
* 1725 – [[Knud Leem]] arrives as a missionary to the [[Sami people]] of [[Finnmark]] (Norwegian Arctic)
* 1726 – John Wright, a [[Religious Society of Friends|Quaker]] missionary to the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]], settles in southeastern [[Pennsylvania]]
* 1728 – [[Institutum Judaicum]] founded in [[Halle (Saale)|Halle]] as first [[Protestantism|Protestant]] mission center for Jewish evangelism<ref>Herzog, vol. IX, p. 65</ref>
* 1729 – [[Roman Catholic church|Roman Catholic]] missionary Du Poisson becomes the first victim in the [[Natchez revolt]]. On his way to [[New Orleans]], he had been asked to stop and say Mass at the [[Natchez, Mississippi|Natchez]] post. He was killed in front of the altar.
* 1730 – Lombard, French missionary, founds a Christian village with over 600 Indians at the mouth of Kuru river in [[French Guiana]]. A Jesuit, Lombard has been called the most successful of all missionaries in converting the Indians of French Guiana
* 1731 – A missionary movement is born when Count [[Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf]] attends the coronation of King [[Christian VI of Denmark]] and witnesses two of Egede's [[Kalaallit people|Inuit]] converts. Over the next two years, his [[Moravian Church]] at [[Herrnhut]] will begin its missionary outreach with work among the slaves in the Caribbean and the Inuit in Greenland.<ref>Glover, p. 52</ref>
* 1732 – [[Alphonsus Liguori]] founds the [[Roman Catholic]] [[religious institute]] known as the [[Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer|Redemptorist Fathers]] with the purpose of doing missionary work among rural people<ref>Glazier, p. 689</ref>
* 1733 – Moravians establish their first [[Moravian missions in Greenland|mission in Greenland]]<ref name=kanep79>Kane, p. 79</ref>
* 1734 – A missionary convinces a [[Groton, Connecticut]] church to lend its building to the [[Mashantucket Pequot Tribe]] for Christian worship services.
* 1735 – [[John Wesley]] goes to Indians in Georgia as missionary with the [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]]<ref>Moreau, p. 913</ref>
* 1736 – Anti-Christian edicts in China; Moravian missionaries at work among [[Nenets people]] of [[Arkhangelsk]]
* 1737 – Rev. Pugh, a missionary in Pennsylvania with The [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]] begins ministering to blacks. He noted that the masters of the slaves were prejudiced against them becoming Christian.
* 1738 – Moravian missionary George Schmidt settles in Baviaan Kloof (Valley of the Baboons) in the Riviersonderend valley of South Africa. He begins working with the [[Khoikhoi]] people, who were practically on the threshold of extinction.
* 1739 – The first missionary to the [[Mahican]] (Mohegan) Indians, John Sergeant, builds a home in [[Stockbridge, Massachusetts]] that is today a museum.
* 1740 – Moravian [[David Zeisberger]] starts work among [[Creek people]] of Georgia<ref>Thwaites, Reuben Gold. ''The Revolution on the Upper Ohio, 1775-1777: Compiled from the Draper Manuscripts in the Library of the Wisconsin Historical Society''. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2002, p. 45.</ref>
* 1740 – [[Johann Phillip Fabricius]], missionary, arrives [[in South India]]
* 1741 – Dutch missionaries start building Christ Church building in [[Malacca Town]], [[Malaysia]]. It will take 12 years to complete.
* 1742 – Moravian Leader Count [[Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf|Zinzendorf]] visits [[Shekomeko, New York]] and baptizes six Indians
* 1743 – [[David Brainerd]] starts ministry to [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|North American Indians]]<ref name="Tucker, 2004, p. 55"/>
* 1744 – Thomas Thompson resigns his position as dean at the [[University of Cambridge]] to become a missionary. He was sent by the [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]] to [[New Jersey]]. Taking a special interest in the slave population there, he would later request to begin mission work in Africa. In 1751, Thompson would become the first S.P.G. missionary to the Gold Coast (modern-day [[Ghana]])
* 1745 – [[David Brainerd]],  after preaching to Native Americans in December, wrote about the response: "They soon came in, one after another; with tears in their eyes, to know, what they should do to be saved. . . . It was an amazing season of power among them, and seemed as if God had bowed the heavens and come down ... and that God was about to convert the whole world."
* 1746 – From Boston a call is issued to the Christians of the [[New World]] to enter into a seven-year "Concert of Prayer" for missionary work<ref name=kanep84>Kane, p. 84</ref>
* 1747 – [[Jonathan Edwards (theology)|Jonathan Edwards]] appeals for prayer for world missions
* 1748 – Roman Catholic [[Pedro Sanz (missionary)|Pedro Sanz]] and four other missionaries are executed, together with 14 Chinese Christians. Prior to his death, Sanz reportedly converted some of his prison guards to Christianity.
* 1749 – Spanish Franciscan priest [[Junípero Serra]] (1713-1784 arrives in Mexico as a missionary. In 1767 he would go north to what is now [[California]], zealously building missions and converting Native Americans.
* 1750 – Jonathan Edwards, preacher of the [[First Great Awakening]], having been banished from his church at [[Northampton, Massachusetts]] goes as a missionary to the nearby [[Housatonic River|Housatonic]] Indians.<ref>Anderson, p. 195</ref> [[Christian Frederic Schwartz]] goes to India with Danish-Halle Mission<ref>Latourette, 1941, vol. III, p. 280</ref>
* 1751 – Samuel Cooke arrives in New Jersey as a missionary for the SPGFP
* 1752 – Thomas Thompson, first Anglican missionary to Africa, arrives in the Gold Coast (now [[Ghana]])<ref>Latourette, 1941, vol. V, p. 446</ref>
* 1753 – The disappearance of Erhardt and six companions leads to temporary abandonment of Moravian missionary initiatives in [[Labrador]].
* 1754 – Moravian John Ettwein arrives in America from Germany as a missionary. Preaching to Native Americans and establishing missions, Ettwein will travel as far south as Georgia.
* 1755 – The [[Moravian church|Moravian]] mission settlement at [[Gnadenhütten, Pennsylvania]] is attacked and destroyed during the [[Gnadenhütten massacre (Pennsylvania)|Gnadenhütten massacre]]. Moravian missionary [[Johann Jacob Schmick]] remains with the Mahicans through exile and captivity despite almost constant threats from white neighbors. Schmick will join his [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indian]] congregation as they seek refuge in Bethlehem, follow them as captives to Philadelphia, and remain with them after they settle in [[Wyalusing, Pennsylvania]].
* 1756 – Civil unrest forces [[Gideon Halley]] away from his missionary work among the [[Iroquois|Six Nations]] on the [[Susquehanna River]] where he has been working for four years under the supervision of Jonathan Edwards with an appointment from the Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Indians.
* 1757 – Lutherans begin ministering to Blacks in the [[Caribbean]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rootsweb.com/~caribgw/tips.html |title=CaribbeanGenWeb |work=Rootsweb.com |access-date=2010-07-10}}</ref>
* 1758 – [[John Wesley]] baptizes two slaves, thus breaking the skin color barrier for Methodist societies<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gcah.org/UMC_timeline.htm |title=United Methodist Church Timeline |work=GCAH.org |access-date=2010-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703221059/http://www.gcah.org/UMC_timeline.htm |archive-date=2008-07-03 }}</ref>
* 1759 – Native American Samson Occom, direct descendant of the great [[Mahican]] chief Uncas, is ordained by the Presbyterians. Occom became the first American Indian to publish works in English. These included sermons, hymns and a short autobiography.<ref>Herzog, vol. VIII, p. 220</ref>
* 1760 – Adam Voelker and Christian Butler arrive in [[Tranquebar]] as the first [[Moravian Church|Moravian]] missionaries to India
* 1760 – Methodists first reach the West Indies.<ref>Latourette, 1941, 3:234</ref>
* 1761 – The first Moravian missionary in Ohio, Frederick Post, settles on the north side of the Muskingum.<ref>Latourette, 1941, 3:223</ref>
* 1762 – Moravian Missionary [[John Heckewelder]] confers with Koquethagacton ("White Eyes") at the mouth of the [[Beaver River (Pennsylvania)]]
* 1763 – The Presbyterian Synod of New York orders that a collection for missions be taken. In 1767 the Synod asks that this collection be done annually.
* 1764 – The Moravians make a decision to expand and begin publicizing their missionary activity, particularly in the British colonies; Moravian Jens Haven makes the first of three exploratory missionary journeys to [[Greenland]]<ref>Latourette, 1941, 3:238</ref>
* 1765 – [[Suriname]] Governor General Crommelin convinces three Moravian missionaries to work near the head waters of the Gran Rio. They settle among the [[Saramaka]] near the Senthea Creek in Granman Abini's village where they are received with mixed feelings.
* 1766 – Philip Quaque, a Fetu youth from the Cape Coast area of [[Ghana]] who spent twelve years studying in England, returns to Africa. Supported as a missionary by the [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]], Quaque is first non-European ordained priest in the Church of England
* 1767 – Spain expels the Jesuits from Spanish colonies in the New World
* 1768 – Five United Brethren missionaries from Germany, invited by the Danish Guinea Company, arrive in the Gold Coast (now Ghana), to teach in the Cape Coast Castle schools
* 1769 – [[Junípero Serra]] founds [[Mission San Diego de Alcalá]], first of the 21 [[Spanish Missions of California|Alta California missions]]<ref>Herbermann, p. 370</ref>
* 1770 – John Marrant, a free black from New York City, begins ministering cross-culturally, preaching to the American Indians. By 1775 he had carried the gospel to the [[Cherokee]] and [[Creek people|Creek]] Indians as well as to groups he called the Catawar and Housaw peoples.<ref name="Gailey, p. 82">Gailey, p. 82</ref>
* 1771 – Methodist [[Francis Asbury]] arrives in America; David Avery is ordained as missionary to the [[Oneida tribe]]<ref>[http://www.newenglandancestors.org/research/database/msc/default.asp?f=RESEARCH%5CDATABASE%5CMSC%5CCONTENT%5CDAVID%20AVERY.HTM] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208180248/http://www.newenglandancestors.org/research/database/msc/default.asp?f=RESEARCH%5CDATABASE%5CMSC%5CCONTENT%5CDAVID%20AVERY.HTM|date=February 8, 2012}}</ref>
* 1772 – After visiting Scilly Cove in [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], Canada, missionary James Balfour describes it as a "most Barbarous Lawless Place"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ca.geocities.com/bwhiffen@nl.rogers.com/Herb_Ethel.htm |title=The Family History of Herb and Ethel Ellis |access-date=1 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027003130/http://ca.geocities.com/bwhiffen@nl.rogers.com/Herb_Ethel.htm |archive-date=27 October 2009 }}{{rs|date=June 2023}}</ref>
* 1773 – [[Pope Clement XIV]] dissolves the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit Order]];<ref>Latourette, 1941, vol. IV, p. 27</ref> two [[Dominican order]] missionaries beheaded in [[Vietnam]]
* 1775 – John Crook is sent by Liverpool Methodists to the [[Isle of Man]]
* 1776 – Cyril Vasilyevich Suchanov builds first church among [[Evenks]] of [[Transbaikal]] (or Dauria) in (Siberia); The first baptism of an [[Eskimo]] by a Lutheran pastor takes place in Labrador.
* 1777 – Portuguese missionaries build a church at Hashnabad, [[Bangladesh]]
* 1778 – Theodore Sladich is martyred while doing missionary work to counter Islamic influence in the western [[Balkans]]
* 1780 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg writes ''An Account of the Manner in Which the Protestant Church of the Unitas Fratrum, or United Brethren, Preach the Gospel, and Carry On Their Missions Among the Heathen''. Originally written in German, the book will be translated into English in 1788.
* 1781 – In the midst of the [[American Revolutionary War]], the British so feared Moravian missionary [[David Zeisberger]] and his influence among the [[Lenape]] (also called Delaware) and other Native Americans that they arrested him and his assistant, John Heckewelder, charging them with treason
* 1782 – Freed slave [[George Lisle (Baptist)|George Lisle]] goes to [[Jamaica]] as missionary<ref>Olson, p. 141</ref>
* 1783 – Moses Baker and George Gibbions, both former slaves, leave the U.S. to become missionaries in the West Indies
* 1784 – First Christians reported in [[Korea]]; [[Yi Seung-hun]] back home in Korea after being baptized in China
* 1784 – [[Thomas Coke (Methodist)]] submits his Plan for the Society for the Establishment of Missions Among the Heathen. Methodist missions among the "heathen" will begin in 1786 when Coke, destined for [[Nova Scotia]], is driven off course by a storm and lands at [[Antigua]] in the [[British West Indies]].<ref>Gailey, p. 46</ref>
* 1785 – Joseph White's sermon titled "On the Duty of Attempting the Propagation of the Gospel among our [[Mohammedan|Mahometan]] and [[Gentoo (term)|Gentoo]] Subjects in India" is published in the second edition of his book ''Sermons Containing a View of Christianity and Mahometanism, in their History, their Evidence, and their Effects''. The sermon was first preached at the [[University of Oxford]].
* 1786 – [[John Marrant]], a free black from New York City, writes in his journal that he preached to "a great number of Indians and white people" at [[Green's Harbor, Newfoundland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackloyalist.com/canadiandigitalcollection/documents/diaries/journal/3-13.htm |title=John Marrant's Journal – 3-13 |work=Blackloyalist.com |access-date=2010-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724121925/http://www.blackloyalist.com/canadiandigitalcollection/documents/diaries/journal/3-13.htm |archive-date=2011-07-24 }}</ref> Marrant's cross-cultural ministry led him to take the Gospel to the [[Cherokee]], [[Creek (people)|Creek]], [[Catawba (tribe)|Catawba]] (he called them the Catawar, and [[Housaw]] Indians).
* 1787 – [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]] is ordained in England by the [[Strict Baptist|Particular Baptists]] and soon begins to urge that worldwide missions be undertaken.
* 1788 – Dutch missionaries begin preaching the Gospel among fishermen in [[Bangladesh]]
* 1788 – [[Richard Johnson (chaplain)|Rev Richard Johnson]] the first Christian cleric in Australia
* 1789 – The Jesuits establish [[Georgetown University]] as the first US Catholic college<ref>Herbermann, p. 230</ref>
* 1790 – Prince Williams, a freed slave from South Carolina, goes to [[Nassau, Bahamas]], where he will start Bethel Meeting House<ref name="Gailey, p. 82"/>
* 1791 – One hundred and twenty Korean Christians are tortured and killed for their faith. It began when Paul Yun Ji-Chung, a noble who had become a Christian, decided not to bury his mother according to traditional Confucian custom.
* 1792 – [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]] writes ''An Enquiry into the Obligations of Christians to use means for the conversion of the heathen'' and forms the [[Baptist Missionary Society]] to support him in establishing missionary work in India<ref name=kanep85>Kane, p. 85</ref>
* 1793 – [[Stephen Badin]] ordained in U.S. Although much of Badin's ministry was pastoral work among his own countrymen, he did some outreach among the [[Potawatomi]] Indians<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.earlychicago.com/encyclopedia.php?letter=b |title=EarlyChicagoHOME |work=Earlychicago.com |access-date=2010-07-10 |archive-date=2011-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104194730/http://www.earlychicago.com/encyclopedia.php?letter=B |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 1794 – Eight [[Russian Orthodox church|Russian Orthodox]] missionaries arrive on Kodiak Island in Alaska. Within a few months several thousand people have been baptized<ref>Latourette, 1941, vol. IV, p. 311</ref>
* 1794 – Roman Catholic missionary Zhou Wenmo enters Korea
* 1795 – Roman Catholic missionary Zhou Wenmo celebrates the first mass in Korea at Easter
* 1795 – The [[London Missionary Society]] is formed to send missionaries to [[Tahiti]]<ref name=kanep86>Kane, p. 86</ref>
* 1796 – Scottish and Glasgow Missionary Societies established;<ref name=kanep86/> In India, Johann Philipp Fabricius' translation of the Bible into [[Tamil language|Tamil]] is revised and published<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baldaeus.com/html/0065.html |title=Baldaeus Theological College – Articles – Arumuka Navalar |work=Baldaeus.com |access-date=2010-07-10}}</ref>
* 1797 – Netherlands Missionary Society formed;<ref name=kanep86/><ref name=kanep80>Kane, p. 80</ref> The Duff, carrying 36 lay and pastoral missionaries, sails to three islands of the South Pacific;<ref>Latourette, 1941, vol. V, pp. 202-203</ref> The first Christian missionary (from the [[London Missionary Society]]) visits Hiva on the Pacific island of [[Tahuata]]; he is not well received.
* 1798 – The Missionary Society of Connecticut is organized by the Congregationalists to take the gospel to the "heathen lands" of Vermont and Ohio. Its missionaries evangelized both European settlers and Native Americans.<ref>Olson, p. 235</ref>
* 1799 – The [[Church Missionary Society]]is formed by the [[Clapham Sect]] in South London, England;<ref name=kanep86/> [[John Vanderkemp]], Dutch physician goes to [[British Cape Colony|Cape Colony]], Africa<ref>Glover, p. 256</ref>