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=== 1983β1988: Band turmoil and solo projects === Before leaving Atlantic, the Rolling Stones released ''[[Undercover (The Rolling Stones album)|Undercover]]'' in late 1983. It reached number 3 in the UK and number 4 in the US.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rollingstones.com/release/undercover/ |title=Undercover |website=The Rolling Stones |access-date=18 June 2018 |archive-date=29 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129223224/http://www.rollingstones.com/release/undercover/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Despite good reviews and the peak Top Ten position of the title track, the record sold below expectations and there was no tour to support it. Subsequently, the Stones' new marketer/distributor [[Sony Music Entertainment|CBS Records]] took over distributing their Atlantic catalogue.{{sfn|Nelson|2010|p=96}} [[File:Richards, Wood onstage in Turin, 1982.jpg|thumb|left|Richards and Wood during a Stones concert in [[Turin]], Italy, in 1982]] By this time, the Jagger/Richards rift had grown significantly. To Richards' annoyance, Jagger signed a solo deal with CBS Records and spent much of 1984 writing songs for his first album. He also declared his growing lack of interest in the Rolling Stones.{{sfn|Richards|Fox|2010|pp=470β472}} By 1985, Jagger was spending more time on solo recordings. Much of the material on 1986's ''[[Dirty Work (The Rolling Stones album)|Dirty Work]]'' was generated by Richards, with more contributions from Wood than on previous Rolling Stones albums. It was recorded in Paris, and Jagger was often absent from the studio, leaving Richards to keep the recording sessions moving forward.{{sfn|Richards|Fox|2010|p=461}} In June 1985, Jagger teamed up with [[David Bowie]] for "[[Dancing in the Street#Bowie/Jagger version|Dancing in the Street]]", which was recorded for the [[Live Aid]] charity movement.<ref>{{cite news|last=Seideman|first=Tony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2iQEAAAAMBAJ&q=dancing+in+the+street+-+JAGGER+BOWIE+live+aid&pg=PA1|title=Bowie/Jagger Vidclip Heads for Movie Screens|newspaper=Billboard|page=1|date=24 August 1985|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818104921/https://books.google.com/books?id=2iQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA1&dq=dancing%20in%20the%20street%20-%20JAGGER%20BOWIE%20live%20aid&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vnNdT8mwCIPZ8AOu6dmEDw&ved=0CGUQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=dancing%20in%20the%20street%20-%20JAGGER%20BOWIE%20live%20aid&f=false|archive-date=18 August 2017}}</ref> This was one of Jagger's first solo performances, and the song reached number 1 in the UK, and number 7 in the US.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17011078|title=Sir Mick Jagger returns to UK singles chart|work=BBC |access-date=12 March 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223104718/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17011078|archive-date=23 February 2012|date=13 February 2012}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> In December 1985, Ian Stewart died of a heart attack.<ref name="tributeToIan">{{cite magazine |last=DeCurtis |first=Anthony |date=10 April 1986 |title=Stones Pay Tribute to Ian Stewart With Club Show, Special Guests |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/stones-pay-tribute-to-ian-stewart-with-club-show-special-guests-246141/ |url-access=limited |access-date=2022-07-03 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref> The Rolling Stones played a private tribute concert for him at London's [[100 Club]] in February 1986.<ref name="tributeToIan" /> Two days later they were presented with a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Tucker |first=Ken |date=1986-02-26 |title='We Are the World' is big Grammy hit |page=5 |work=Santa Maria Times |agency=Knight-Ridder Newspapers |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/104854578/we-are-the-world-is-big-grammy-hit/ |access-date=2022-07-03 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> ''Dirty Work'' was released in March 1986 to mixed reviews, reaching number 4 in both the US and UK.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rollingstones.com/release/dirty-work/ |title=Dirty Work |website=The Rolling Stones |access-date=20 June 2018 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111023542/http://www.rollingstones.com/release/dirty-work/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> It was the Stones' first album for CBS with an outside producer, [[Steve Lillywhite]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rollingstones.com/release/dirty-work/ |title=Dirty Work |website=The Rolling Stones |access-date=18 June 2018 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111023542/http://www.rollingstones.com/release/dirty-work/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> With relations between Richards and Jagger at an all-time low, Jagger refused to tour to promote the album and instead undertook a solo tour, where he performed some Rolling Stones songs.<ref name="RollingStoneJagger">{{cite magazine|last=Greene|first=Andy|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-25-boldest-career-moves-in-rock-history-20110318/mick-jagger-tours-solo-with-joe-satriani-20110318|title=The 25 Boldest Career Moves in Rock History: 20) Mick Jagger Tours Solo With Joe Satriani|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=18 March 2011|access-date=4 December 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105202923/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-25-boldest-career-moves-in-rock-history-20110318/mick-jagger-tours-solo-with-joe-satriani-20110318|archive-date=5 January 2013|url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Sandford|1999|p=268}} As a result of their animosity, the Stones almost broke up.<ref name="RollingStoneJagger"/> Jagger's solo records, ''[[She's the Boss]]'' (1985), which reached number 6 in the UK and number 13 in the US, and ''[[Primitive Cool]]'' (1987), which reached number 26 in the UK and number 41 in the US, met with moderate commercial success. In 1988, with the Rolling Stones mostly inactive, Richards released his first solo album, ''[[Talk Is Cheap]]'', which reached number 37<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/4358/keith-richards/ |title=Talk is Cheap |website=Official Charts Company |access-date=18 June 2018}}</ref> in the UK and No. 24 in the US.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/keith-richards/chart-history/tlp/ |title=Talk is Cheap |magazine=Billboard |access-date=18 June 2018}}</ref> It was well received by fans and critics, and was certified Gold in the US.<ref name="RIAA">{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php |title=RIAA Gold & Platinum database |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America |access-date=4 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626174049/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php |archive-date=26 June 2007}}</ref> Richards has subsequently referred to this late-80s period, when the two were recording solo albums with no obvious reunion of the Stones in sight, as "World War III".{{sfn|Jagger|Richards|Watts|Wood|2003|p=247}}{{sfn|Patell|2011|p=138}}
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