Editing The Communist Manifesto (section)

==Influences==
Marx and Engels' [[Influences on Karl Marx|political influences]] were wide-ranging, reacting to and taking inspiration from [[German idealism|German idealist]] philosophy, [[French socialism]], and English and Scottish [[political economy]]. ''The Communist Manifesto'' also takes influence from literature. In [[Jacques Derrida]]'s work, ''[[Specters of Marx]]: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International'', he uses [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Hamlet]]'' to frame a discussion of the history of the International, showing in the process the influence that Shakespeare's work had on Marx and Engels' writing.<ref>Derrida, Jacques. "[https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/fr/derrida2.htm What is Ideology?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710050818/https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/fr/derrida2.htm |date=10 July 2017 }}" in ''Specters of Marx, the state of the debt, the Work of Mourning, & the New International'', translated by Peggy Kamuf, Routledge 1994.</ref> In his essay, "Big Leagues: Specters of Milton and Republican International Justice between Shakespeare and Marx", Christopher N. Warren makes the case that English poet [[John Milton]] also had a substantial influence on Marx and Engels' work.<ref>Warren, Christopher N (2016). "[https://dx.doi.org/10.17613/M6VW8W Big Leagues: Specters of Milton and Republican International Justice between Shakespeare and Marx.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924094514/https://hcommons.org/deposits/item/hc:12691/ |date=24 September 2020 }}" ''Humanity'', Vol. 7.</ref> Historians of 19th-century reading habits have confirmed that Marx and Engels would have read these authors and it is known that Marx loved Shakespeare in particular.<ref>Rose, Jonathan (2001). [https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Intellectual_Life_of_the_British_Wor.html?id=3B-qbvQTYyEC ''The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828223904/https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Intellectual_Life_of_the_British_Wor.html?id=3B-qbvQTYyEC |date=28 August 2019 }}. pp. 26, 36–37, 122–125, 187.</ref><ref>Taylor, Antony (2002). "Shakespeare and Radicalism: The Uses and Abuses of Shakespeare in Nineteenth-Century Popular Politics." ''Historical Journal 45'', no. 2. pp. 357–379.</ref><ref>Marx, Karl (1844). "[[On the Jewish Question]]."</ref> Milton, Warren argues, also shows a notable influence on ''The Communist Manifesto'', saying: "Looking back on Milton’s era, Marx saw a historical dialectic founded on inspiration in which freedom of the press, republicanism, and revolution were closely joined".<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.17613/M6VW8W|doi = 10.17613/M6VW8W|title = Big Leagues: Specters of Milton and Republican International Justice between Shakespeare and Marx|journal = Humanity |year = 2016|volume = 7|issue = 3|pages = 365–389|last1 = Warren|first1 = Christopher}}</ref> Milton’s [[republicanism]], Warren continues, served as "a useful, if unlikely, bridge" as Marx and Engels sought to forge a revolutionary international coalition. The ''Manifesto'' also makes reference to the "revolutionary" antibourgeois social criticism of [[Thomas Carlyle]], whom Engels had read as early as May 1843.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Demetz |first=Peter |url=https://archive.org/details/marxengelspoetso0000deme |title=Marx, Engels, and the Poets: Origins of Marxist Literary Criticism |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |year=1967 |edition=Revised |location=Chicago & London |pages=37 |translator-last=Sammons |translator-first=Jeffrey L. |chapter=Economics and Intellect: Thomas Carlyle |author-link=Peter Demetz |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Zenzinger |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Nvdx-4-CzoC |title=The Carlyle Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Fairleigh Dickinson University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=9780838637920 |editor-last=Cumming |editor-first=Mark |location=Madison and Teaneck, NJ |pages=149–150 |chapter=Engels, Friedrich |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Zenzinger |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Nvdx-4-CzoC |title=The Carlyle Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Fairleigh Dickinson University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=9780838637920 |editor-last=Cumming |editor-first=Mark |location=Madison and Teaneck, NJ |pages=310 |chapter=Marx, Karl |url-access=limited}}</ref>
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