Editing Suriname (section)

===1980 military coup===
{{main|1980 Surinamese coup d'état}}
On 25 February 1980, a [[1980 Surinamese coup d'état|military coup]] overthrew Arron's government. It was initiated by a group of 16 sergeants, led by [[Dési Bouterse]].<ref name=cia>{{cite web|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Suriname|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/suriname/|year=2013|access-date=4 August 2013}}</ref> Opponents of the military regime attempted counter-coups in April 1980, August 1980, 15 March 1981, and again on 12 March 1982. The first counter attempt was led by [[Fred Ormskerk]],<ref name="Janssen2011">{{cite book|author=Roger Janssen|title=In Search of a Path: An Analysis of the Foreign Policy of Suriname from 1975 to 1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kXdhAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA60|date=1 January 2011|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-25367-4|pages=60–}}</ref> the second by [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninists]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://refuge.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/refuge/article/download/21454/20129|title=Refugees from Suriname|author=Betty Sedoc-Dahlberg|access-date=26 August 2016|archive-date=13 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413153357/https://refuge.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/refuge/article/download/21454/20129|url-status=dead}}</ref> the third by [[Wilfred Hawker]], and the fourth by [[Surendre Rambocus]].

Hawker escaped from prison during the fourth counter-coup attempt, but he was captured and summarily executed. Between 2&nbsp;am and 5&nbsp;am on 7 December 1982, the military, under Bouterse's leadership, rounded up 13 prominent citizens who had criticized the military dictatorship and held them at [[Fort Zeelandia (Paramaribo)|Fort Zeelandia]] in Paramaribo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.starnieuws.com/index.php/welcome/index/nieuwsitem/9910|title=Bouterse heeft Daal en Rambocus doodgeschoten|date=23 March 2012|publisher=Network Star Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname }}</ref> The dictatorship had all these men [[December murders|executed over the next three days]], along with Rambocus and [[Jiwansingh Sheombar]] (who was also involved in the fourth counter-coup attempt).