Editing Storm (section)

== Notable storms in art and culture ==
[[File:Great Wave off Kanagawa2.jpg|thumb|''[[The Great Wave off Kanagawa]]'', an 1831 [[ukiyo-e]] print by [[Hokusai]] ]]

=== In mythology and literature ===
According to the Bible, a giant storm sent by God flooded the Earth. [[Noah]] and his family and the animals entered [[Noah's Ark|the Ark]], and "the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened, and the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights." The flood covered even the highest mountains to a depth of more than twenty feet, and all creatures died; only Noah and those with him on the Ark were left alive.  In the [[New Testament]], [[Jesus Christ]] is recorded to have calmed a storm on the [[Sea of Galilee]].
{{See also|Genesis flood myth}}
The [[Gilgamesh flood myth]] is a deluge story in the ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh]]''.

In [[Greek mythology]] [[Aeolus]], keeper of storm-winds, squalls and tempests.

The ''[[Sea Venture]]'' was wrecked near [[Bermuda]] in 1609, which led to the colonization of Bermuda<ref>Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926034027/http://www.clairehope.btinternet.co.uk/PDFs/LinebaughRediker_seaventure.pdf The Wreck of the Sea-Venture.]</ref> and provided the inspiration for [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare's]] play ''[[The Tempest (play)|The Tempest]]'' (1611).<ref>David M. Roth. [http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/roth/va17hur.htm Seventeenth Century Virginia Hurricanes.] Retrieved on 26 November 2006.</ref> Specifically, [[Thomas Gates (governor)|Sir Thomas Gates]], future governor of [[Virginia]], was on his way to England from [[Jamestown, Virginia]]. On [[Saint James Day]], while he was between [[Cuba]] and the [[Bahamas]], a hurricane raged for nearly two days. Though one of the small vessels in the fleet sank to the bottom of the [[Florida Straits]], seven of the remaining vessels reached [[Virginia]] within several days after the storm. The flagship of the fleet, known as ''Sea Adventure'', disappeared and was presumed lost. A small bit of fortune befell the ship and her crew when they made landfall on Bermuda. The vessel was damaged on a surrounding [[coral reef]], but all aboard survived for nearly a year on the island. The British colonists claimed the island and quickly settled Bermuda. In May 1610, they set forth for Jamestown, this time arriving at their destination.

The children's novel ''[[The Wonderful Wizard of Oz]]'', written by [[L. Frank Baum]] and illustrated by [[W. W. Denslow]], chronicles the adventures of a young girl named [[Dorothy Gale]] in the [[Land of Oz]], after being swept away from her Kansas farm home by a tornado. The story was originally published by the George M. Hill Company in Chicago on 17 May 1900, and has since been reprinted numerous times, most often under the name ''The Wizard of Oz'', and adapted for use in other media.  Thanks in part to the [[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|1939 MGM movie]], it is one of the best-known stories in American popular culture and has been widely translated. Its initial success, and the success of the popular [[The Wizard of Oz (1902 musical)|1902 Broadway musical]] which Baum adapted from his original story, led to Baum's writing thirteen more [[List of Oz books|Oz books]].

Hollywood director [[King Vidor]] (8 February 1894&nbsp;– 1 November 1982) survived the [[Galveston Hurricane of 1900]] as a boy.  Based on that experience, he published a fictionalized account of that cyclone, titled "Southern Storm", for the May 1935 issue of [[Esquire (magazine)|''Esquire'' magazine]].  [[Erik Larson (author)|Erik Larson]] excerpts a passage from that article in his 2005 book, ''[[Isaac's Storm]]'':<ref name="Larson, Erik 1999">{{cite book|author=Larson, Erik|year=1999|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/features/isaacsstorm/book/index.html|title=Isaac's Storm|publisher=[[Random House]] Publishing|isbn= 0-609-60233-0|author-link=Erik Larson (author)}}</ref>
:''I remember now that it seemed as if we were in a bowl looking up toward the level of the sea.  As we stood there in the sandy street, my mother and I, I wanted to take my mother's hand and hurry her away.  I felt as if the sea was going to break over the edge of the bowl and come puring down upon us.''

Numerous other accounts of the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 have been made in print and in film.  Larson cites many of them in ''[[Isaac's Storm]]'', which centrally features that storm, as well as chronicles the creation of the Weather Bureau (which came to known as the [[National Weather Service]]) and that agency's fateful rivalry with the weather service in Cuba, and a number of other major storms, such as those which ravaged [[Indianola, Texas]] in 1875 and [[1886 Indianola hurricane|1886]].<ref name="Larson, Erik 1999" />

The [[Great Storm of 1987]] is key in an important scene near the end of ''[[Possession (Byatt novel)|Possession: A Romance]]'', the bestselling and [[Booker Prize]]-winning novel by [[A. S. Byatt]]. The Great Storm of 1987 occurred on the night of 15–16 October 1987, when an unusually strong weather system caused winds to hit much of [[southern England]] and northern France. It was the worst storm to hit England since the [[Great Storm of 1703]]<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7044050.stm | work=BBC News | title=Lessons learned from Great Storm | date=14 October 2007 | access-date=4 May 2010}}</ref> (284 years earlier) and was responsible for the deaths of at least 22&nbsp;people in England and France combined (18 in England, at least four in France).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/education/secondary/students/1987.html |title=Met Office: The Great Storm of 1987 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907191422/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/education/secondary/students/1987.html |archive-date=7 September 2008 }}</ref>

[[Hurricane Katrina in fiction|Hurricane Katrina]] (2005) has been featured in a number of works of fiction.

=== In fine art ===
[[File:Rembrandt Christ in the Storm on the Lake of Galilee.jpg|thumb|[[Rembrandt]]'s 1633 ''[[The Storm on the Sea of Galilee]]''.]]

The Romantic seascape painters [[J. M. W. Turner]] and [[Ivan Aivazovsky]] created some of the most lasting impressions of the sublime and stormy seas that are firmly imprinted on the popular mind. Turner's representations of powerful natural forces reinvented the traditional [[seascape]] during the first half of the nineteenth century.

Upon his travels to Holland, he took note of the familiar large rolling waves of the English seashore transforming into the sharper, [[choppy waves]] of a Dutch storm. A characteristic example of Turner's dramatic seascape is ''[[The Slave Ship]]'' of 1840. Aivazovsky left several thousand turbulent canvases in which he increasingly eliminated human figures and historical background to focus on such essential elements as light, sea, and sky. His grandiose ''Ninth Wave'' (1850) is an ode to human daring in the face of the elements.

=== In motion pictures ===
The 1926 silent film ''[[The Johnstown Flood (1926 film)|The Johnstown Flood]]'' features the [[Johnstown Flood|Great Flood of 1889]] in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.  The flood, caused by the catastrophic failure of the [[South Fork Dam]] after days of extremely heavy rainfall, prompted the first major [[disaster relief]] effort by the [[American Red Cross]], directed by [[Clara Barton]].  The Johnstown Flood was depicted in [[Johnstown Flood#In popular culture|numerous other media]] (both fictional and in non-fiction), as well.

[[Warner Bros.]]' 2000 [[drama film|dramatic]] [[disaster]] film ''[[The Perfect Storm (film)|The Perfect Storm]]'', directed by [[Wolfgang Petersen]], is an adaptation of [[Sebastian Junger]]'s 1997 non-fiction [[The Perfect Storm (book)|book of the same title]].  The book and film feature the crew of the ''[[Andrea Gail]]'', which got caught in the [[1991 Perfect Storm|Perfect Storm of 1991]].  The 1991 Perfect Storm, also known as the Halloween Nor'easter of 1991, was a [[nor'easter]] that absorbed [[Hurricane Grace (1991)|Hurricane Grace]] and ultimately evolved into a small [[hurricane]] late in its life cycle.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration News |date=16 June 2000 |title=NOAA Meteorologist Bob Case, the Man Who Named the Perfect Storm |access-date=2011-07-01 |url=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s444.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716220940/http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s444.htm |archive-date=16 July 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== In music ===
Storms have also been portrayed in many works of music.  Examples of storm music include [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi's]] ''[[The Four Seasons (Vivaldi)|Four Seasons]]'' [[violin concerto]] RV 315 (''Summer'') (third movement: [[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Presto]]), [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] ''[[Symphony No. 6 (Beethoven)|Pastoral Symphony]]'' (the fourth movement), a scene in Act II of [[Gioachino Rossini|Rossini's]] opera ''[[The Barber of Seville]]'', the third act of [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s [[Rigoletto]], and the fifth (Cloudburst) movement of [[Ferde Grofé]]'s [[Grand Canyon Suite]].