Editing Statue of Liberty (section)

====Construction====
On June 17, 1885, the French steamer [[Isère (ship)|''Isère'' (ship)]] arrived in New York with the crates holding the disassembled statue on board. New Yorkers displayed their newfound enthusiasm for the statue. Two hundred thousand people lined the docks and hundreds of boats put to sea to welcome the ship.{{sfn|Harris|1985|p=112}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%206/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram%201885%20Jun%20-%201885%20Oct%20Grayscale/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram%201885%20Jun%20-%201885%20Oct%20Grayscale%20-%200140.pdf#xml=https://www.fultonhistory.com/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getpdfhits&u=ffffffffc423758c&DocId=5727280&Index=Z%3a%5cIndex%20I%2dE&HitCount=4&hits=4f+179+197+198+&SearchForm=C%3a%5cinetpub%5cwwwroot%5cFulton%5fNew%5fform%2ehtml&.pdf |title=The Isere-Bartholdi Gift Reaches the Horseshoe Safely |work=The Evening Post |date=June 17, 1885 |access-date=February 11, 2013 |archive-date=January 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112020029/https://www.fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%206/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram%201885%20Jun%20-%201885%20Oct%20Grayscale/New%20York%20NY%20Evening%20Telegram%201885%20Jun%20-%201885%20Oct%20Grayscale%20-%200140.pdf#xml=https://www.fultonhistory.com/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getpdfhits&u=ffffffffc423758c&DocId=5727280&Index=Z%3a%5cIndex%20I%2dE&HitCount=4&hits=4f+179+197+198+&SearchForm=C%3a%5cinetpub%5cwwwroot%5cFulton%5fNew%5fform%2ehtml&.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> After five months' daily calls to donate to the statue fund, on August 11, 1885, the ''World'' announced that $102,000 had been raised from 120,000&nbsp;donors, and that 80 percent of the total had been received in sums of less than one dollar ({{Inflation|US|1|1885|r=0|fmt=eq}}).{{sfn|Harris|1985|p=114}}

Even with the success of the fund drive, the pedestal was not completed until April 1886. Immediately thereafter, reassembly of the statue began. Eiffel's iron framework was anchored to steel [[I-beam]]s within the concrete pedestal and assembled.{{sfn|Moreno|2000|p=19}} Once this was done, the sections of skin were carefully attached.{{sfn|Bell|Abrams|1984|p=49}} Due to the width of the pedestal, it was not possible to erect [[scaffolding]], and workers dangled from ropes while installing the skin sections.{{sfn|Moreno|2000|p=64}} Bartholdi had planned to put floodlights on the torch's balcony to illuminate it; a week before the dedication, the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|Army Corps of Engineers]] vetoed the proposal, fearing that ships' pilots passing the statue would be blinded. Instead, Bartholdi cut portholes in the torch—which was covered with [[gold leaf]]—and placed the lights inside them.{{sfn|Hayden|Despont|1986|p=36}} A power plant was installed on the island to light the torch and for other electrical needs.{{sfn|Harris|1985|pp=133–134}} After the skin was completed, landscape architect [[Frederick Law Olmsted]], co-designer of Manhattan's [[Central Park]] and Brooklyn's [[Prospect Park (Brooklyn)|Prospect Park]], supervised a cleanup of Bedloe's Island in anticipation of the dedication.{{sfn|Moreno|2000|p=65}} General Charles Stone claimed on the day of dedication that no man had died during the construction of the statue; this was not true, as Francis Longo, a thirty-nine-year-old Italian laborer, had been killed when an old wall fell on him.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mitchell|first=Elizabeth|title=Liberty's Torch: The Great Adventure to Build the Statue of Liberty|publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-8021-9255-4|pages=259}}</ref> When built, the statue was reddish-brown and shiny, but within twenty years it had oxidized to its current green color through reactions with air, water and acidic pollution, forming a layer of [[verdigris]] which protects the copper from further corrosion.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zmescience.com/feature-post/natural-sciences/chemistry-articles/applied-chemistry/why-is-the-statue-of-liberty-so-green-theres-more-to-it-than-just-a-pretty-color/|title=Why is the Statue of Liberty so green? There's more to it than just a pretty color|work=ZME Science |date=December 11, 2022 |access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>