Editing Springfield, Massachusetts (section)

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations | type=USA |percentages=on
|1765|2755
|1790|1574
|1800|2312
|1810|2767
|1820|3914
|1830|6784
|1840|10985
|1850|11766
|1860|15199
|1870|26703
|1880|33340
|1890|44179
|1900|62059
|1910|88926
|1920|129614
|1930|149900
|1940|149554
|1950|162399
|1960|174463
|1970|163905
|1980|152319
|1990|156983
|2000|152082
|2010|153060
|2020|155929
|2024*|154888
|footnote= *= population estimate. Source=1765;<ref name="Chickering 1846">{{cite book |last1=Chickering |first1=Jesse |title=Statistical view of the population of Massachusetts, 1765-1840 |date=1846 |publisher=C.C. Little and J. Brown |location=Boston |page=60 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IX5IAAAAMAAJ&q=springfield&pg=PA60 |access-date=12 December 2023}}</ref> 1790-1950;<ref name="1950_Census_Urban_populations_since_1790">{{cite web|title=1950 Census of Population|volume=1: Number of Inhabitants|at=Section 6, Pages 21-7 through 21-09, Massachusetts Table 4. Population of Urban Places of 10,000 or more from Earliest Census to 1920|publisher=Bureau of the Census|access-date=July 12, 2011|year=1952|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/23761117v1ch06.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221010/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/23761117v1ch06.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-10 |url-status=live}}</ref> 1960-1980;<ref name="1980 Census of Population">{{cite web |title=1980 Census of Population|volume=1: Number of Inhabitants|at=Section 23, Page 23-11, Massachusetts Table 4. Population of County Subdivisions 1960 to 1980 |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_maABC-01.pdf |website=Census.gov |publisher=Bureau of the Census |access-date=12 December 2023 |year=1981}}</ref> 1990-2010;<ref name="2010 Census of Population">{{cite web |title=2010 Census of Population and Housing|volume=2: Population and Housing Unit Counts|at=Section 23, Page 13, Massachusetts Table 8. Population and Housing Units: 1990 to 2010; and Area Measurements and Density: 2010 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-23.pdf |website=Census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=12 December 2023 |year=2012}}</ref> 2020;<ref>{{cite web |title="Race." Decennial Census, DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171), Table P1, 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=population&g=060XX00US2501367000 |website=data.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=12 December 2023}}</ref> 2022.<ref name="2020-2022 City and Town Population Totals">{{cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2022| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=November 24, 2023 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html}}</ref>
}}
{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Historical racial composition 
! 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Census Springfield, Massachusetts|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/springfieldcitymassachusetts/PST045219|website=www.census.gov|access-date=September 8, 2021|archive-date=September 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922013055/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/springfieldcitymassachusetts/PST045219|url-status=live}}</ref>!! 2010<ref name=QuickFacts2010>[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/2567000,25,00 QuickFacts for Springfield city / Massachusetts / United States], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.</ref>!! 1990<ref name="pop">{{cite web |title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}
</ref>!! 1970<ref name="pop"/> !! 1940<ref name="pop"/>
|-
| [[White American|White]] 
| 63.3%|| 51.8% || 68.5% || 87% || 97.9%
|-
| —[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic]] 
| 31.2%|| 36.7% || 63.6% || 84.1%<ref name="fifteen">From 15% sample</ref> || −
|-
| [[African American|Black or African American]] 
| 20.9%|| 22.3% || 19.2% || 3.3% || 2.1%
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) 
| 45%|| 38.8% || 16.9% || 3.3%<ref name="fifteen"/> || −
|-
| [[Asian American|Asian]] 
| 2.7%|| 2.4% || 1% || 0.1% || −
|}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Springfield, Massachusetts – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Springfield city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALSF12000.P004?g=160XX00US2567000|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Springfield city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2567000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Springfield city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2567000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|74,291
|56,248
|style='background: #ffffe6; |44,046
|48.85%
|36.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28.25%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|29,831
|29,934
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28,548
|19.62%
|19.56%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |18.31%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|336
|329
|style='background: #ffffe6; |259
|0.22%
|0.21%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.17%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|2,857
|3,615
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,426
|1.88%
|2.36%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.84%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|42
|47
|style='background: #ffffe6; |75
|0.03%
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.05%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|236
|248
|style='background: #ffffe6; |863
|0.16%
|0.16%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.55%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|3,146
|3,188
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,838
|2.07%
|2.08%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.10%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|41,343
|59,451
|style='background: #ffffe6; |72,874
|27.18%
|38.84%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |46.74%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''152,082'''
|'''153,060'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''155,929'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

===2010 census===
According to the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]], Springfield had a population of 153,060, of which 72,573 (47.4%) were male and 80,487 (52.6%) were female. 73.0% of the population were over 18 years old, and 10.9% were over 65 years old; the median age was 32.2 years. The median age for males was 30.2 years and 34.1 years for females.

According to the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]], there were 61,706 housing units in Springfield, of which 56,752 were occupied. This was the highest average of home occupancy among the four distinct Western New England metropolises (the other three being Hartford, New Haven, and [[Bridgeport, Connecticut]]). Also as of 2010, Springfield features the highest average homeowner occupancy ratio among the four Western New England metropolises at 50%—73,232 Springfielders live in owner-occupied units, versus 74,111 in rental units. By comparison, as of the 2010 Census, New Haven features an owner occupancy rate of 31%; Hartford of 26%; and Bridgeport of 43%.<ref>[http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php#.TmHJRl3XahA] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034940/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php#.TmHJRl3XahA|date=December 21, 2012}}</ref>

In terms of race and ethnicity, Springfield is 51.8% [[White American|White]], 22.3% [[African American|Black]] or African American, 0.6% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.4% Asian (1.2% Vietnamese, 0.3% Chinese, 0.2% Indian, 0.1% Cambodian, 0.1% Filipino, 0.1% Korean, 0.1% Pakistani, 0.1% Laotian), 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 18.0% from Some Other Race, and 4.7% from Two or More Races (1.5% White and Black or African American; 1.0% White and Some Other Race). [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]] and Latinos of any race made up 38.8% of the population (33.2% Puerto Rican, 1.7% Dominican, 1.0% Mexican, 0.5% Guatemalan, 0.3% Cuban, 0.2% Colombian, 0.2% Spanish, 0.2% Salvadoran, 0.1% Peruvian, 0.1% Ecuadorian, 0.1% Panamanian, 0.1% Costa Rican, 0.1% Honduran).<ref>[https://archive.today/20190521214830/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table American FactFinder] . Factfinder2.census.gov. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> [[Non-Hispanic Whites]] were 36.7% of the population in 2010,<ref name=QuickFacts2010/> down from 84.1% in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Massachusetts—Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}</ref>

===Income===

{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}

Data is from the 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_DP03&prodType=table |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150117113227/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_DP03&prodType=table |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 17, 2015 |title=SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=January 12, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_DP05&prodType=table |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150105011252/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_DP05&prodType=table |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 5, 2015 |title=ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=January 12, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_S1101&prodType=table |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212210258/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_5YR_S1101&prodType=table |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |title=HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=January 12, 2015}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- valign=bottom
! Rank !! ZIP Code (ZCTA) !! Per capita<br />income !! Median<br />household<br />income !! Median<br />family<br />income !! Population !! Number of<br />households
|-
| || ''[[Massachusetts]]'' || $35,763 || $66,866 || $84,900 || 6,605,058 || 2,530,147
|-
| 1 || 01128 || $33,573 || $78,864 || $86,964 || 2,468 || 964
|-
| || ''[[United States]]'' || $28,155 || $53,046 || $64,719 || 311,536,594 || 115,610,216
|-
| 2 || 01129 || $26,752 || $61,435 || $67,083 || 7,505 || 2,892
|-
| || ''[[Hampden County, Massachusetts|Hampden County]]'' || $25,817 || $49,094 || $61,474 || 465,144 || 177,990
|-
| 3 || 01119 || $21,261 || $46,055 || $58,458 || 13,962 || 4,831
|-
| 4 || 01108 || $18,347 || $34,064 || $35,083 || 25,755 || 9,348
|-
| || ''Springfield'' || $18,133 || $34,311 || $39,535 || 153,428 || 55,894
|-
| 5 || 01104 || $17,307 || $32,273 || $39,475 || 23,083 || 8,884
|-
| 6 || 01103 || $17,095 || $14,133 || $17,457 || 2,556 || 1,553
|-
| 7 || 01151 || $16,169 || $30,043 || $28,415 || 9,134 || 3,410
|-
| 8 || 01109 || $13,938 || $33,376 || $36,737 || 31,429 || 9,555
|-
| 9 || 01107 || $12,440 || $21,737 || $29,199 || 11,271 || 3,920
|-
| 10 || 01105 || $12,137 || $18,402 || $21,345 || 12,360 || 4,836
|}

===Crime===
In 2010, Springfield ranked 35th in the United States' City Crime Rankings—its second-lowest ranking in recent years, (in 2009, it ranked 51st). Springfield's 2010 crime rating of 142 is down approximately 50% from its heights in the late 1990s and 2000s.<ref name="cqpress1">{{cite web|title=2010 City Crime Rate Rankings|url=http://os.cqpress.com/citycrime/2010/City_crime_rate_2010-2011_hightolow.pdf|date=April 12, 2015|website=Os.cqpress.com|access-date=July 12, 2017|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412010233/http://os.cqpress.com/citycrime/2010/City_crime_rate_2010-2011_hightolow.pdf|archive-date=April 12, 2015}}</ref>

The [[Urban Land Institute]] stated in 2010 that "the perception of crime [in Springfield] appears to be worse than the reality".<ref>[http://www.uli.org/~/media/Documents/ULIDifferentialContent/TAP_Report_Downtown_Springfd--FINAL11%206%2007%20pdf.ashx Resource Library | Urban Land Institute] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622120825/http://www.uli.org/~/media/Documents/ULIDifferentialContent/TAP_Report_Downtown_Springfd--FINAL11%206%2007%20pdf.ashx |date=June 22, 2011 }}. Uli.org. Retrieved on July 15, 2013.</ref>

By another measure, crime and population data collected by the FBI, and indexed by [[NeighborhoodScout]] showed between 2010 and 2018 the violent crime rate for Springfield decreased by approximately 52.5%, whereas the property crime rate declined by 54%; both rates remain more than twice their respective state averages, as of 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=Springfield crime rates and statistics|date=August 15, 2010|website=NeighborhoodScout|url=http://www.neighborhoodscout.com:80/ma/springfield/crime/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815035247/http://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ma/springfield/crime/|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 15, 2010|access-date=February 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Springfield crime rates and statistics|date=January 30, 2019|website=NeighborhoodScout|url=https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ma/springfield/crime|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130050205/https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ma/springfield/crime|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 30, 2019}}</ref>