Editing Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway) (section)

==Rolling stock==

{{As of|2022|5}}, Southern services are almost entirely operated by 214 [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377]] electric multiple units, with the exception of services on the unelectrified [[Marshlink line]] and the [[Uckfield railway station|Uckfield]] branch of the [[Oxted line]], which use [[British Rail Class 171|Class 171]] diesel multiple units.

South Central inherited a fleet of [[British Rail Class 205|Class 205]], [[British Rail Class 207|Class 207]], [[British Rail Class 319|Class 319]], [[British Rail Class 421|Class 421]], [[British Rail Class 423|Class 423]], [[British Rail Class 455|Class 455]] and [[British Rail Class 456|Class 456]] multiple-unit trains from [[Connex South Central]]. Southern inherited a [[British Rail Class 73|Class 73]] locomotive and [[British Rail Class 460|Class 460 ''Juniper'']] trains from [[Gatwick Express]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}}

A franchise commitment was to replace all the Mark 1 slam-door stock, resulting in Southern ordering 28 three-car DC, 139 four-car DC and 15 four-car dual-voltage [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostars'']] in September 2001 and March 2002 to replace the Class 421, Class 422 and Class 423s.<ref>{{cite magazine |last= Haigh |first= Philip |date= 20 March 2002 |title= South Central orders 460 Electrostar coaches for £657M |magazine= RAIL |issue= 431 |pages= 4–5 }}</ref>

In August 2002, Southern ordered nine two-car and six four-car [[British Rail Class 171|Class 171 ''Turbostars'']] to replace the Class 205s and Class 207s on the routes that are not fully electrified.<ref>{{cite magazine |last= Roden |first= Andrew |date= 21 August 2002 |title= In the Strategic Plan, but now the SRA drops South Central electrification… |magazine= RAIL |issue= 442 |pages= 4–5 }}</ref> A tenth two-car Class 171 was transferred from [[South West Trains]], entering traffic in July 2007.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Extra 170 for Southern |date= February 2007 |magazine= Today's Railways UK |issue= 62 |page= 63 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= DMU digest |date= September 2007 |magazine= Today's Railways UK |issue= 69 |page= 62 }}</ref>

In 2007, Southern ordered 12 four-car, dual-voltage [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377/5 ''Electrostars'']] to replace the remaining twelve [[British Rail Class 319|Class 319s]] for transfer to [[First Capital Connect]]. In March 2008 [[Go-Ahead Group|Go Ahead]] purchased a further 11 Class 377/5s. All 23 ended up being sublet to First Capital Connect to provide extra stock for the [[Thameslink Programme]] Key Output Zero changes from March 2009. However, due to delays in their production, Class 377/2s were also sublet. To cover for this, Class 350/1s were subleased from [[London Midland]].<ref name="Southern">{{Cite web |url = http://www.southernelectric.org.uk/news/southern/2009-lm-desiros-for-loan.html |title = Desiros for Loan to Southern |website = Southern Electric Group |access-date = 28 September 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130928080016/http://www.southernelectric.org.uk/news/southern/2009-lm-desiros-for-loan.html |archive-date = 28 September 2013}}</ref>

To provide stock for the extended [[Gatwick Express]] services to Brighton, in 2008 Southern leased 17 [[British Rail Class 442|Class 442 ''Wessex Electrics'']] withdrawn by South West Trains in early 2007. After retaining the franchise in 2009, Southern leased the remaining seven Class 442s. The last of the Class 460 ''Junipers'' were withdrawn in September 2012.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Class 460s bow out |date= November 2012 |magazine= Today's Railways UK |issue= 131 |page= 67 }}</ref>

To release Class 377/3s for use on London suburban services, Southern introduced a fleet of ex-[[London Overground Rail Operations|London Overground]] [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313s]] on the Coastway lines from May 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.southernelectric.org.uk/features/rolling-stock/313/index.html |title = Class 313s come to Southern |publisher = Southern Electric Group |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130820114655/http://www.southernelectric.org.uk/features/rolling-stock/313/index.html |archive-date = 20 August 2013 }}</ref><ref name="RailMag">{{cite magazine |title= Southern takes on 313/1 from LOROL |date= 21 October 2009 |magazine= RAIL |issue= 629 |page= 32 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last= Clinnick |first= Richard |date= 2 June 2010 |title= Southern starts £6 million refresh of 20 Class 313s |magazine= RAIL |issue= 645 |pages= 26–27 }}</ref> The Class 313s remained in service until May 2023, when they were withdrawn and replaced by Class 377s.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Southern Class 313s to be withdrawn from traffic in May |date= 4 May 2023 |magazine= Railways Illustrated |issue= 244 |page= 19 }}</ref>

During 2011, Southern announced that, because of delays in procuring new trains for the [[Thameslink Programme]], the 23 [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377/5s]] on sub-lease to [[First Capital Connect]] would not be returned in time to deliver the operator's planned capacity increases from the December 2013 timetable change. It therefore began a process to procure 130 new vehicles.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/general/2011/09/19-southern-to-order-more-trains.html |title= Southern to order more trains as Thameslink slips |work= Railnews |date= 19 September 2011 |access-date= 15 November 2011 |archive-date= 27 November 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111127015516/http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/general/2011/09/19-southern-to-order-more-trains.html |url-status= live }}</ref> It was announced in December 2011 that [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]] had been contracted to supply 26 five-car Class 377/6s.<ref>{{cite press release |url = http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.31675-bombardier-wins-additional-order-for-130-electrostar-cars-from-southern-in-the-uk.html?filter-bu=transport&f-year=all&f-month=all&f-type=all&show-by-page=100&page=2 |date = 28 December 2011 |title = Bombardier Wins Additional Order for 130 Electrostar Cars from Southern in the UK |publisher = Bombardier |access-date = 28 December 2011 |archive-date = 2 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131102182850/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.31675-bombardier-wins-additional-order-for-130-electrostar-cars-from-southern-in-the-uk.html?filter-bu=transport&f-year=all&f-month=all&f-type=all&show-by-page=100&page=2 |url-status = live }}</ref> In November 2012, it was announced that an option for a further 40 vehicles was being exercised.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/2012/11/16-dft-acts-to-ease-thameslink.html |title = DfT acts to ease Thameslink trains logjam |publisher = Railnews |date = 16 November 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121118014435/http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/2012/11/16-dft-acts-to-ease-thameslink.html |archive-date = 18 November 2012 }}</ref>

All twenty-four [[British Rail Class 456|Class 456s]] were transferred to [[South West Trains]] in 2014 after the introduction of the Class 377/6 fleet.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

In April 2016, Southern commenced a lease for nine three-carriage [[British Rail Class 170|Class 170s]] last used by [[First ScotRail]] from [[Eversholt Rail Group]]. Four (170421–424) moved to [[Wolverton Works]] in 2015 and were reconfigured as two two-carriage and two four-carriage Class 171s. The other five (170416–420) remained in Scotland on sub-lease to [[Abellio ScotRail]] and were scheduled to move to Southern in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.abellio.com/sites/default/files/downloads/abellio_scotrail_qa_summary_v3_070115.pdf |title = Engineering plans at Haymarket Depot |publisher = Abellio ScotRail |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160822104855/https://www.abellio.com/sites/default/files/downloads/abellio_scotrail_qa_summary_v3_070115.pdf |archive-date = 22 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Scottish Class 170/4s move south after transfer to Southern |magazine = Rail Magazine |issue = 772  |date = 15 April 2015 |page = 12}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = GTR readies former ScotRail Class 170/4s |magazine = Rail Magazine |issue = 804  |date = 6 July 2016 |page = 30}}</ref>

In May 2022, Southern withdrew its Class 455s and received 2 Class 377s from Southeastern.<ref>{{Cite web |date = 14 May 2022 |title = 👋 Today we're saying goodbye to our Class 455s. After 40 years in service, the farewell tour will take place on The Metro Marauder route and features two Class 455/8s. All profits will be donated to good causes nominated by GTR. |url = https://twitter.com/southernrailuk/status/1525371586060107776 |url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514205140/https://twitter.com/southernrailuk/status/1525371586060107776 |archive-date = 14 May 2022 |access-date = 16 May 2022 |website = Twitter |publisher = @SouthernRailUK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date = 13 December 2022 |title = Units numbers 377 163 and 377 164 transfer from Southeastern to Southern exact dates. - a Freedom of Information request to SE Trains Limited |url = https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/units_numbers_377_163_and_377_16 |access-date = 21 July 2023 |website = WhatDoTheyKnow}}</ref>

On 7 September 2022, three [[British Rail Class 171|Class 171s]], having been reformed to three-car formations and renumbered to 170422–424, transferred to [[East Midlands Railway]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title = EMR Evolves for the Future |magazine = Modern Railways |issue = 889 |date = August 2022 |pages = 51–56}}</ref>

Between December 2024 and December 2025, Southern is set to transfer 13 Class 377/1s (377121-133) to [[Southeastern (train operating company)|Southeastern]] to replace ageing [[British Rail Class 465|Class 465]] units. This will be made possible by the movement of 30 ex-[[Greater Anglia]] [[British Rail Class 379|Class 379]] sets to [[Great Northern route]] services from London Kings Cross, which will in turn allow [[British Rail Class 387|Class 387/1]] dual-voltage units currently in service with Great Northern to be released to work on Southern routes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Southeastern to receive 13 Class 377s from Govia Thameslink as part of EMU reshuffle |url=https://www.railmagazine.com/news/fleet/2024/11/28/southeastern-to-receive-13-class-377s-from-govia-thameslink-as-part-of-emu-reshuffle |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=www.railmagazine.com |language=en}}</ref>

===Current fleet===
{| class="wikitable"
|----- bgcolor="#f9f9f9"
! rowspan="2" |Family
! rowspan="2" |Class
! rowspan="2" |Image
! rowspan="2" |Type
! colspan="2" |Top speed
! rowspan="2" |Number
! rowspan="2" |Carriages
! rowspan="2" |Routes operated
! rowspan="2" |Built
|-
! &nbsp;mph&nbsp;!&nbsp; |mph
! &nbsp;mph&nbsp;!&nbsp;&nbsp; |km/h
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Bombardier Turbostar]]
| rowspan="3" | [[British Rail Class 171|171]]
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Class 171 Hastings 13745676313.jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:171804Collington.jpg|150px]]
| rowspan="3" | [[diesel multiple unit|DMU]]
| rowspan="10" | 100
| rowspan="10" | 160
| 13<ref name=":0">{{cite magazine|title=EMR Evolves for the Future|magazine=[[Modern Railways]]|issue=889|volume=79|date=October 2022 |page=52}}</ref><ref name="southernrailway.com">[http://www.southernrailway.com/southern/media-centre/useful-information/ Southern Useful Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906223415/http://www.southernrailway.com/southern/media-centre/useful-information/|date=6 September 2013}} - Southern. Retrieved 29 August 2013.</ref>
|align=center| 3
| rowspan="2" | [[Brighton Main Line]] (London Bridge to South Croydon)<br>[[Oxted line]] (to Uckfield only)<br>[[East Coastway line]]<br>[[Marshlink line]]
| rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|2003{{ndash}}04}}
|-
| 4<ref name="southernrailway.com" />
|align=center| 2
|-
| colspan="4" | [[File:Southern Class 171-2-7.png|alt=|378x378px]]<br>[[File:Southern Class 171-4-8.png|739x739px]]
|-
| rowspan="9" | [[Bombardier Electrostar]]
| rowspan="1" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/1]]
| rowspan="7" | [[File:377 322 of Southern at St Denys, Southampton.jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:Southern 377 at Hemel Hempstead.JPG|150px]]<br>[[File:Southern Class 377701 (42130818171).jpg|150px]]
| rowspan="9" | [[electric multiple unit|EMU]]
| 64
| rowspan="2" align="center" | 4
| rowspan="6" | Entire Southern network apart from sections between [[Hurst Green railway station|Hurst Green]] and [[Uckfield railway station|Uckfield]] & between [[Ore railway station|Ore]] and [[Ashford International railway station|Ashford International]]
| rowspan="6" | 2001{{ndash}}14
|-
| rowspan="1" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/2]]
| 15
|-
| rowspan="1" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/3]]
| 28
| align="center" | 3
|-
| rowspan="1" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/4]]
| 75
| align="center" | 4
|-
| rowspan="1" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/6]]
| 26
| rowspan="2" align="center" | 5
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[British Rail Class 377|377/7]]
| 8
|-
| colspan="4" | [[File:Southern Class 377-3..png|alt=|510x510px]]<br>[[File:Southern Class 377-1-4.png|alt=|676x676px]]<br>[[File:Southern Class 377-7.png|alt=|821x821px]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[British Rail Class 387|387/2]]
| rowspan="2" | [[File:387204 Gatwick Airport.jpg|150px]]
| rowspan="2" | 110
| rowspan="2" | 177
| Varies
| align="center" | 4<ref name="RailExpressNovember2022">{{cite magazine |date=November 2022 |title=Units |magazine=Rail Express |issue=318 |page=27}}</ref>
| '''Units borrowed from [[Gatwick Express]] on a rotational basis according to demand.'''<p>[[Brighton Main Line]]<br>[[East Coastway line]]<br>[[West Coastway line]] (Brighton to Southampton Central)</p>
| 2016{{ndash}}17
|-
| colspan="4" | [[File:Gatwick Express Class 387-2.png|680px]]
|}

===Past fleet===
Former units operated by Southern include:
{| class="wikitable"
|----- bgcolor="#f9f9f9"
!&nbsp;Class&nbsp;
!&nbsp;Image&nbsp;
!&nbsp;Type&nbsp;
!&nbsp;Built&nbsp;
!&nbsp;Left<br> fleet&nbsp;
!&nbsp;Notes&nbsp;
|-
|[[British Rail Class 205|205 (3H)]]
|[[File:205009 at London Victoria.jpg|150px]]
| rowspan="2" |[[diesel multiple unit|DMU]]
|{{nowrap|1957{{ndash}}62}}
| rowspan="2" |2004
| rowspan="2" |Replaced by [[Bombardier Turbostar|Class 171 ''Turbostar'']]
|-
|[[British Rail Class 207|207 (3D)]]
|[[File:207203 arriving at London Bridge.jpg|150px]]
|1962
|-
|rowspan=2|[[British Rail Class 313|313]]
|rowspan=2|[[File:313214_at_Seaford_(27925383045).jpg|150px]]
|rowspan=12|[[electric multiple unit|EMU]]
|rowspan=2|1976{{ndash}}77
|rowspan=2|2023<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Southern Railway |user=SouthernRailUK |number=1659653010937487374 |date=19 May 2023 |title=The last day of scheduled passenger services with 313 stock was today |access-date=23 May 2023}}</ref>
|Replaced by [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostar'']]
|-
|[[File:313 Southern Coastway.png|450px]]
|-
|rowspan=2|[[British Rail Class 319|319]]
|rowspan=2|[[File:319013 at East Croydon 2.jpg|150px]]
|rowspan=2|1987
|rowspan=2|2008
|Replaced by [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostar'']]
|-
|[[File:Southern Class 319.png|450px]]
|-
|rowspan=2|[[British Rail Class 350|350/1 ''Desiro'']]
|rowspan=2|[[File:Class 350 train at East Croydon - geograph.org.uk - 1532420.jpg|150px]]
|rowspan=2|2004{{ndash}}05
|rowspan=2|2009
|Subleased from [[London Midland]] in 2008 to provide cover for [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostar'']] units subleased to First Capital Connect. After newer [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostar'']] trains were built, these units were returned to London Midland.<br>Replaced by newer Class 377 ''Electrostar'' units.<ref name="Southern" />
|-
|[[File:London Midland Class 350-1 w-pantograph.png|alt=|450px]]
|-
|[[British Rail Class 421|421 (4CIG)]]
|[[File:1861 at Clapham Junction.JPG|150px]]
|1964{{ndash}}66
| rowspan="2" |2005
| rowspan="3" |Replaced by [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377 ''Electrostar'']]
|-
|[[British Rail Class 423|423 (4VEP)]]
|[[File:3514 at London Victoria.jpg|150px]]
|1967–71
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[British Rail Class 455|455]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:455826_and_455_number_to_Beckenham_Junction.jpg|150px]]
| rowspan="2" |1982{{ndash}}84
| rowspan="2" |2022
|-
|[[File:Class 455 Southern Diagram.png|450px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[British Rail Class 456|456]]
|rowspan="2"|[[File:London Bridge station MMB 26 456009.jpg|150px]]
|rowspan="2"|1990{{ndash}}91
|rowspan="2"|2014
|Replaced by [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377/6 ''Electrostar'']]
|-
|[[File:Class 456 Southern Diagram.PNG|400px]]
|}

===Depots===
Southern's fleet is maintained at [[Brighton Lovers Walk Traction and Rolling Stock Maintenance Depot|Brighton Lovers Walk]] and [[Selhurst Train and Rolling Stock Maintenance Depot|Selhurst]] depots. The Gatwick Express fleet is maintained at [[Stewarts Lane]].

Light maintenance is also carried out at [[Littlehampton railway station|Littlehampton]] for the electric fleet, and [[St Leonards TMD|St Leonards]] for the class 171 fleet when on [[Marshlink line|Marshlink]] services.