Editing Seville (section)

===Late modern history===
[[File:Muelle y Torre del Oro Sevilla, RP-F-F01139-CY.jpg|thumb|upright=1.05|The Torre del Oro and the harbor in the second half of the 19th century]]
Between 1825 and 1833, [[Melchor Cano]] acted as chief architect in Seville; most of the urban planning policy and architectural modifications of the city were made by him and his collaborator Jose Manuel Arjona y Cuba.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Antigüedad del Castillo-Olivares|first=María Dolores|title=El arquitecto Melchor Cano y la teoría de la ciudad. Espacio, Tiempo y Forma|journal=Historia del Arte|year=1990|volume=3|series=VII|pages=417–439|publisher=UNED|location=Madrid}}</ref>

Industrial architecture surviving today from the first half of the 19th century includes the ceramics factory installed in the [[List of Carthusian monasteries|Carthusian monastery]] at [[Isla de La Cartuja|La Cartuja]] in 1841 by the Pickman family, and now home to the El Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo (CAAC),<ref name="al">{{cite book|author=Santiago Cirugeda|title=Collectives Architectures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L3Qvay8hgB0C|access-date=2 February 2013|publisher=Vibok Works|isbn=978-84-939058-2-8|display-authors=etal}}</ref> which manages the collections of the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Sevilla.<ref name="NavarroTorres2002">{{cite book|author1=Cristóbal Belda Navarro|author2=María Teresa Marín Torres|title=Quince Miradas Sobre Los Museos|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xjBGLazWVH4C|access-date=2 February 2013|year=2002|publisher=Editum|isbn=978-84-8371-311-2|page=260}}</ref> It also houses the rectory of the UNIA.<ref>{{cite web|title=La UNIA acoge en Sevilla unas jornadas de arteypensamiento sobre Capital y Territorio |url=http://www.unia.es/content/view/3232/164/ |publisher=Universidad Internacional de Andalucía |access-date=2 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108030540/http://www.unia.es/content/view/3232/164/ |archive-date=8 January 2014 }}</ref>

In the years that Queen [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabel II]] ruled directly, about 1843–1868, the Sevillian bourgeoisie invested in a construction boom unmatched in the city's history. The [[Puente de Isabel II|Isabel II bridge]], better known as the Triana bridge, dates from this period; street lighting was expanded in the municipality and most of the streets were paved during this time as well.<ref name=A>Diego A. Cardoso Bueno: ''Sevilla. El Casco Antiguo. Historia, Arte y Urbanismo''. Ediciones Guadalquivir (2006). {{ISBN|84-8093-154-X}}. Consultado el 24 March 2010</ref>

By the second half of the 19th century, Seville had begun an expansion supported by railway construction and the demolition of part of its ancient walls, allowing the urban space of the city to grow eastward and southward. The ''Sevillana de Electricidad'' Company was created in 1894 to provide electric power throughout the municipality,<ref>Fernández Paradas, Mercedes; ''[http://www.adurcal.com/enlaces/mancomunidad/historia/electri/electri.htm La implantación del alumbrado público de electricidad en la Andalucía del primer del tercio del S. XX]'', Universidad de Málaga, España [04-09-2012].</ref> and in 1901 the ''Plaza de Armas'' railway station was inaugurated.
[[File:Expo sevilla 1929 poster.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.66|Poster for the [[Ibero-American Exposition of 1929]]]]
The [[Museum of Fine Arts of Seville|Museum of Fine Arts]] ''(Museo de Bellas Artes de Sevilla)'' opened in 1904.

In 1929 the city hosted the [[Ibero-American Exposition of 1929|Ibero-American Exposition]], which accelerated the southern expansion of the city and created new public spaces such as the ''[[Parque de María Luisa]]'' (Maria Luisa Park) and the adjoining [[Plaza de España, Seville|''Plaza de España'']]. Not long before the opening, the Spanish government began a modernisation of the city in order to prepare for the expected crowds by erecting new hotels and widening the mediaeval streets to allow for the movement of automobiles.<ref name="Luce1929">{{cite magazine|author=Henry Robinson Luce|title=Time|magazine=Time|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2CI7AQAAIAAJ|access-date=6 February 2013|volume=13|date=January 1929|page=25}}</ref>
[[File:EL GRAL. VARELA EN UN DISCURSO EN UN BALCÓN. AUTOR- ANÓNIMO.jpg|thumb|right|[[José Enrique Varela|General Varela]] rallying military and civilians in Seville (September 1936)]]
Seville fell very quickly at the beginning of the [[Spanish Civil War]] in 1936. General [[Queipo de Llano]] carried out a coup within the city, quickly capturing the city centre.<ref name="Thomas">''The Spanish Civil War'', Hugh Thomas, Penguin, 1961, pp. 221–223, {{ISBN|0-14-013593-6}}</ref> Radio Seville opposed the uprising and called for the peasants to come to the city for arms, while workers' groups established barricades.<ref name="Thomas"/> Queipo then moved to capture Radio Seville, which he used to broadcast propaganda on behalf of the Francoist forces.<ref name="Thomas"/> After the initial takeover of the city, resistance continued among residents of the working-class neighbourhoods for some time, until a series of fierce reprisals took place.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ncWULEubPQC&q=seville+fell+1936&pg=PA93 |title=Lonely Planet Andalucia|via=Google Books |date= 1 January 2007|access-date=10 April 2011|isbn=978-1-74059-973-3|last1=Noble|first1=John|last2=Forsyth|first2=Susan|last3=Maric|first3=Vesna|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications }}</ref>

Under [[Francisco Franco]]'s rule Spain was officially neutral in World War II (although it did collaborate with the [[Axis powers]]),<ref name="Payne2008">{{cite book|author=Stanley G. Payne|title=Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany, and World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qNF0BQO7qKAC&pg=PA123|year=2008|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-12282-4|page=123}}</ref><ref name="Bowen2006">{{cite book|author=Wayne H. Bowen|title=Spain During World War II|url=https://archive.org/details/spainduringworld00bowe_0|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=University of Missouri Press|isbn=978-0-8262-6515-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/spainduringworld00bowe_0/page/25 25]}}</ref><ref name="Corporation2004">{{cite book|author=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|title=History of World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oD9Z3omHy3IC&pg=PA611|date=January 2004|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7482-1|page=611}}</ref> and like the rest of the country, Seville remained largely economically and culturally isolated from the outside world. In 1953 the shipyard of Seville was opened, eventually employing more than 2,000 workers in the 1970s. Before the existence of wetlands regulation in the Guadalquivir basin, Seville suffered regular heavy flooding; perhaps worst of all were the floods that occurred in November 1961 when the River Tamarguillo, a tributary of the Guadalquivir, overflowed as a result of a prodigious downpour of rain, and Seville was consequently declared a disaster zone.<ref name="PfisterBrázdil2013">{{cite book|author1=Christian Pfister|author2=Rudolf Brázdil|author3=Rüdiger Glaser|title=Climatic Variability in Sixteenth-Century Europe and Its Social Dimension|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HLjUBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA272|date=14 March 2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-015-9259-8|page=272}}</ref>

Trade unionism in Seville began during the 1960s with the underground organisational activities of the Workers' Commissions or Comisiones Obreras (CCOO), in factories such as Hytasa, the Astilleros shipyards, Hispano Aviación, etc. Several of the movement's leaders were arrested in 1972, and later sentenced to prison in 1973.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Público |date=24 June 2022 |title=Cincuenta años del Proceso 1001: el juicio del franquismo a la clase obrera |url=https://www.publico.es/politica/cincuenta-anos-proceso-1001-juicio-franquismo-clase-obrera.html |access-date=9 March 2025 |website=www.publico.es |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=El Tribunal de Orden Público sentencia a prisión a los líderes del sindicato Comisiones Obreras con Marcelino Camacho a la cabeza |url=https://lahemerotecadelbuitre.com/piezas/el-tribunal-de-orden-publico-sentencia-a-penas-de-carcel-a-los-lideres-del-sindicato-comunista-comisiones-obreras-a-la-cabeza/ |access-date=9 March 2025 |website=La Hemeroteca del Buitre |language=es}}</ref>