Editing Segovia (section)

==Heritage==
===World Heritage City===
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
|WHS = Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct
|Image = AcueductoSegovia edit1.jpg
|Caption = The [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[Aqueduct of Segovia]]
|ID = 311
|Year = 1985
|Criteria = Cultural: i, iii, iv
|Area = 134.28 ha
|Buffer_zone = 401.44 ha 
}}

In 1985 the old city of Segovia and its Aqueduct were declared [[World Heritage Sites]] by [[UNESCO]]. The old city contains a multitude of historic buildings both civil and religious, including a large number of buildings of Jewish origin, notably within the old Jewish Quarter. One of the most historically important Jewish sites is the Jewish cemetery, {{lang|es|El Pinarillo}}.
Among the most important monuments in the city are:

*The [[Aqueduct of Segovia]], located in Plaza del Azoguejo, is the defining historical feature of the city, dating from the late 1st or early 2nd century AD.<ref name="arquitectura_romana">{{cite web|url = http://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/imagenes/roma/segovia_acueducto.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060503194627/http://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/imagenes/roma/segovia_acueducto.html|url-status = usurped|archive-date = 3 May 2006|title = Arquitectura romana: Acueducto de Segovia|access-date = 22 January 2009|work = Historia de la Arquitectura en España}}</ref> Like a number of other aqueducts in Spain, Segovia's Roman-built aqueduct receives attention for being one of the "extraordinary engineering accomplishments" existing in the country, wrote Alejandro Lapunzina in ''Reference Guides to National Architecture: Architecture of Spain''.  It is still used to deliver drinking water.  "The aqueduct of Segovia is – because of its long span, architectural beauty, uncharacteristic slenderness, and dramatic presence in the center of a dense urban fabric – the most impressive Roman structure in Spain, and one of the most famous among the numerous aqueducts built by the Romans throughout their vast Empire," Lapunzina wrote.<ref>Lapunzina, A. (2005). Reference guides to national architecture: Architecture of Spain. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.</ref> It consists of about 25,000 [[granite]] blocks held together without any [[mortar (masonry)|mortar]], and spans 818 meters with more than 170 arches, the highest being 29 metres high.
[[file:Segovia - Alcázar de Segovia 22 2017-10-24.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Alcázar de Segovia]].]]
*The [[Alcazar of Segovia]], the royal palace built on a stone peninsula between the rivers Eresma and Clamores, is documented for the first time in 1122, although it may have existed earlier. It was one of the favored residences of the [[List of Castilian monarchs|kings of Castile]], built in the transition from [[Romanesque architecture]] to [[gothic architecture|Gothic]] and [[Mudéjar]]. The building is structured around two courtyards and has two towers, and a [[keep]]. It was a favourite residence of [[Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso X the Wise]] and [[Henry IV of Castile|Henry IV]], and [[Isabella I of Castile|Isabella the Catholic]] was crowned Queen of [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] in Segovia's Plaza Mayor. Devastated by a fire in 1862, it was later rebuilt. It now houses the General Militar de Segovia archive and museum of the Royal School of Artillery, managed by the Board of the Alcazar.

[[File:Catedral de Santa María de Segovia - 01.jpg|thumb|Segovia Cathedral as seen from the Alcazar.]]
*The '''[[Segovia Cathedral]]''', the last [[gothic architecture|Gothic]] cathedral built in Spain.{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} It is considered a masterpiece of Basque-Castilian Gothic architecture and is known as "The Lady of Cathedrals."{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} [[Juan Gil de Hontañón]], [[Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón]], and other masters of Spanish architecture worked on the construction. It was consecrated in 1768 and is 105 meters long, 50 metres wide and 33 m high in the nave,{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} has 18 chapels and has three doors: El Perdón, San Frutos and San Geroteo.
*The '''[[Walls of Segovia]]''' existed when [[Alfonso VI of León and Castile]] retook the city from the Arabs. Alfonso had them enlarged, and also increased its perimeter to 3 kilometres, with eight towers, five gates, and several doors. It was built mainly of granite blocks but also reused gravestones from the old Roman [[necropolis]]. The wall encircles the historic quarter and currently has three gates: San Cebrián; [[Puerta de Santiago (Segovia)|Santiago]], built in the [[Mudéjar]] style; and [[Puerta de San Andrés (Segovia)|San Andrés]], gateway to the [[Jewish quarter (diaspora)|Jewish quarter]]; and the breaches of Consuelo, San Juan, the Sun, and the Moon.{{clarify|date=February 2015}}

===Religious architecture===
[[File:SegoviaSEstebán2 22.4.2003.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Iglesia de San Esteban]]
[[File:Old main synagogue Segovia.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Old main synagogue]]
[[File:Vista de la iglesia de San Millán de Segovia desde la calle Cervantes.jpg|thumb|View of the church of San Millán de Segovia from Cervantes street]]

==== Churches and chapels ====

The city maintains an important collection of Romanesque churches of both stone and brick, which include the churches of [[Church of San Esteban (Segovia)|San Esteban]], [[Iglesia de San Millán (Segovia)|San Millán]], [[Iglesia de San Martín (Segovia)|San Martín]], [[Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad (Segovia)|la Santísima Trinidad]], [[Iglesia de San Andrés (Segovia)|San Andrés]], [[Iglesia de San Clemente (Segovia)|San Clemente]], [[Iglesia de Santos Justo y Pastor (Segovia)|Santos Justo y Pastor]], [[Iglesia de la Vera Cruz, Segovia|Iglesia de la Vera Cruz (Order of Malta)]], and [[Iglesia de San Salvador (Segovia)|San Salvador]].

The [[Old main synagogue, Segovia|old main synagogue]] is a former synagogue, converted into a convent after the [[Spanish Inquistion|expulsion of the Jews from Spain]] in 1492.

==== Monasteries and convents ====
The city of Segovia preserved also several monasteries and convents with active religious life:

* The [[Monastery of Santa María del Parral|Monastery of Saint Mary of Parral]] with the cloistered [[monk]]s of the [[Hieronymites|Order of Saint Jerome]]
* The [[Monastery of the Humble Incarnation (Segovia)|Monastery of the Humble Incarnation]] with the cloistered nuns of the [[Order of Saint Augustine]]
* The [[Monastery of the Immaculate Conception (Segovia)|Monastery of the Immaculate Conception]] with the cloistered [[Conceptionists|Conceptionist]] nuns
* The [[Monastery of San Vicente el Real]] with the cloistered nuns of the [[Cistercians|Cistercian Order]]
* The [[Monastery of San Antonio el Real]] with the Poor Clare Sisters of the [[Poor Clares|Order of Saint Claire]]
* The [[Convent of San Juan de la Cruz (Segovia)|Convent of Saint John of the Cross]] with the [[Discalced Carmelites|Discalced Carmelite]] friars
* The [[Convent of San José (Segovia)|Convent of Saint Joseph]] with the cloistered [[Discalced Carmelites|Discalced Carmelite]] nuns
* The [[Convent of Corpus Christi (Segovia)|Convent of Corpus Christi]] with the Poor Clare Sisters of the [[Poor Clares|Order of Saint Claire]]
* The [[Convent of Santo Domingo el Real]] with the cloistered nuns of the [[Dominican Order]]
* The [[Convent of San Juan de Dios (Segovia)|Convent of Saint John of God]] with the Franciscan Sisters of the [[Third Order of Saint Francis]]
* The Convent of Santa Cruz la Real (occupied by IE University).

===Civil architecture===
{{unreferenced section|date=February 2015}}
* The Ayala Berganza Castilian Palace dates from the late 15th century. Due to a multiple murder that happened in the late 19th century is known by Segovia as "the house of the crime."
*Casa del Sello on San Francisco Street
*Casa-Museo del Torreón de Lozoya in the Plaza de San Martín
*Casa del Siglo XV (or of Juan Bravo)
*House of the Count Alpuente, the [[Casa de los Picos]] and others in the Calle Real
*La Taberna Rubi, the oldest tavern in the city
*The [[The Coining House, Segovia|Casa de la Moneda]], a former mint included in the "production and manufacturing" theme of the [[European Route of Industrial Heritage]].<ref name="ERIH">{{Cite web |url=https://www.erih.net/i-want-to-go-there/site/show/Sites/royal-mint/ |title=Royal Mint |website=www.erih.net |access-date=2018-11-04}}</ref>

[[File:Mirador de la canaleja, Segovia, Castilla y León, España, 2015.jpg|thumb|center|upright=2|View of Segovia from Mirador de la canaleja.]]

===Urban sculpture===
[[File:Bimilenarioacueducto.JPG|thumb|upright|Loba Capitolina at the foot of the aqueduct.]]

Urban sculpture in Segovia feature works depicting illustrious figures linked to the city, but there are also several works of a religious nature. One of the most iconic sculptures of the [[Capitoline Wolf|Loba Capitolina]] sits in front of the aqueduct. A copy of the Capitoline wolf is preserved in the Capitoline Museum and was a gift that Rome gave to the city in 1974 during the events of the [[millennium|bimillennial]] anniversary of the aqueduct.

Until a few decades ago, a monument dedicated to the artist Daniel Zuloaga, which was installed in 1924, could be seen in the Plaza de la Merced, but it was relocated to the Plaza de Colmenares. Currently located in the center of the Plaza de la Merced, looking towards the church of San Andrés is a [[bust (sculpture)|bust]] of the poet [[Rubén Darío]], sculptor Santiago de Santiago, which was donated by the [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]] government to the city in 1973. Letters related to the bust are also found in the Promenade Lounge, the famous poet José Rodas was first installed in 1927 in the plaza of the gardens, and moved to its present site in 1960 by the Segovian sculptor Aniceto Marinas. There is also a tribute to [[Antonio Machado]]; the poet Segovia also took refuge here from 1919 to 1932, a sculpture honoring him is located in the garden of his home museum, and was done by Emiliano Barral.

Religious figures such as [[Domingo de Soto]], [[Pius XII]], [[Anthony Mary Claret|Saint Anthony Mary Claret]], [[John of the Cross|Saint John of the Cross]] have their own urban sculptures, including the first work of Ortega and several from José María García Moro, a prosperous Segovia sculptor who also created the Monument to the Youth located on the Plaza del Conde de Cheste.  A few peasants have been recognized on the streets or town squares, as is the case for Aniceto Marinas, who dedicated a monument in 1943 to his friend and partner [[Mariano Benlliure]].

In the field of arms is the monument to [[Luis Daoiz de Torres|Daoíz]] and [[Pedro Velarde y Santillán|Velarde]], Aniceto Marina's work. By the same artist is the sculpture dedicated to the list of people associated with the [[Revolt of the Comuneros|comunero]] [[Juan Bravo]], made in 1921 and located in the heart of the city at the Square of the Sirens, the name given to two statues that top the stairs representing the [[Siren (mythology)|mythological beings]], which were made by Francisco Bellver in 1852. Other sculptures in the city include one devoted to physician [[Andrés Laguna]] made by the Segovian Florentino Trapero and located at Plaza de los Huertos, the bust of Lope de la Calle Martín, president of the provincial council, that was made by Emiliano Barral and can be seen in the square of San Facundo, or the monument "El Favorito" by Toribio García de Andrés in the early 20th century.

In addition to this series of monuments and sculptures some other religious images worth mentioning can be found in the quieter corners of the city. The most significant of these is the Virgin of the Aqueduct, located in the central niche of the monument at the [[Plaza]] del Azoguejo since the 16th century; it memorializes Colmenares. A series of virgins can also be found at the Fuencisla on Velarde Street, the los Remedios in front of San Juan Gate, the Socorro at the San Andrés Gate and the del Carmen on the street of its own name, among others.

Segovia also has a work by [[Luis Sanguino]], who lives in the city. It is "El Mesonero Mayor de Castilla" ("The Elder Hotelkeeper of Castile"), at the Plaza del Santo Espíritu.<ref name=castillo>{{cite web|url=http://castillodesanguino.com/index.php/luis-sanguino|title=Castillo de Sanguino - Luis Sanguino|date=24 August 2014|accessdate=5 July 2019|archive-date=24 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824091612/http://castillodesanguino.com/index.php/luis-sanguino|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Parks and gardens===
[[File:Jardin Alcazar Segovia.jpg|thumb|upright|Alcazar Gardens.]]
[[File:Plaza de la Artillería, Segovia 01.jpg|thumb|upright|Plaza de la Artillería]]
* The '''Alcazar Gardens''' was built in the plaza where the Old Cathedral and the Episcopal Palace existed before and was created on the occasion of the marriage of [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]] to [[Anne of Austria]] in 1570, removing the ruins that still existed. This, however, was not fully realized until the visit of [[Ferdinand VI of Spain|Ferdinand VI]] in the 18th century. Between 1816 and 1817 the first trees were planted, and enclosed with the fence that currently exists. They were destroyed by the fire suffered by the palace in 1862, and recovered again in 1882.
* The '''Garden of la Merced''' was the first public garden carried out by the city within the city walls. Named after the former Mercy convent that was located in the same place and came into existence in the middle 19th century with the planting of trees and installation of a fountain, later replaced by the current, broader and statelier plaza. There is also a child's playground available.
* '''Paseo del Salón''' is one of the oldest gardens in the city, since it was created in 1786 by the ''Economic Society of Friends of the Country of Segovia'', and two years later they began planting trees. In 1846 he set up various sources and replanted again in different species.
* '''Jardinillos of San Roque''', situated along the so-called "Paseo Nuevo" were open to the public in 1872, but ten years before a public fountain was placed in them. In 1943 they were the place where stood a pavilion dedicated to the Feria de Muestras, the building still stands and is one of the characteristic features of the gardens.
*Missionaries, The '''Garden of los Cañuelos'''
* The '''Gardens of los Huertos''' are named for the orchards occupy a premonstratensian friary. After the removal of the convent in 1836 with the first disentailment laws, the city claimed ownership of the land, a fact that occurred in 1897. In 1901 he began planting trees and structuring of the gardens, which has gradually been restored today.
* '''Alameda del Eresma'''
* '''Alameda de la Fuencisla'''
* '''Fromkes Garden'''
* '''Garden of la Plaza del Conde Alpuente'''
* '''Garden of la Plaza de Colmenares'''
* '''Garden of St. Augustine'''
* '''Parque de la Albuera'''
* '''Parque de la Dehesa'''
* '''Pinarillo de la Cuesta de los Hoyos'''
* '''Clamores Valley'''