Editing Sandefjord (section)

=== Whaling and ships ===
[[File:Sandefjord Hvalfangstmonumentet.jpg|thumb|[[Whaler's Monument]] is made in style of a compass, and it rotates slowly.<ref name="SG" />{{rp|349}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Whaling Monument |url=https://www.visitvestfold.com/en/sandefjord/see-and-do/attractions/?TLp=200332&The-Whaling-Monument |access-date=28 December 2017 |website=Visitvestfold.com}}</ref>]]
Sandefjord is perhaps best known as a whaling community.<ref>{{Cite web |title=County Vestfold |url=http://www.gonorway.no/norway/counties/vestfold/ |website=gonorway.no}}</ref> The centre of the world's modern whaling industry was located in town, and local residents not only made up practically all the crew on the Norwegian whaling fleet, but substantial numbers of them also worked within the whaling industry in nearby countries. For over fifty years in the late 1800s, Sandefjord functioned as the world center for the whaling industry, including the manufacture and equipment of whaling vessels, floating factories, and whale-catchers.<ref name="JT" />{{rp|25}} Sandefjord has also been named the "whaling capital of the world."<ref name="Engel" /><ref name="SR" /><ref name="EA" /><ref name="HKB" /> There were 25 whaling companies that were established in Sandefjord between 1905 and 1914.<ref name="Schandy">{{Cite book |last1=Schandy |first1=Tom |url=https://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2018103007016 |title=Naturperler i Vestfold |last2=Helgesen |first2=Tom |publisher=Forlaget Tom & Tom v/Schandy |year=2012 |isbn=9788292916148 |language=no}}</ref>{{rp|170}} During the 1911–1912 season, Sandefjord had 27 whaling companies with a total of 115 vessels. This made up over 30 percent of the world's whaling firms.<ref name="FO95" />{{rp|218}}

[[File:Sandefjord Southern Actor.jpg|thumb|''[[Southern Actor]]'', [[museum ship]] at Museum's Wharf]]
[[File:Tall ship Christian Radich under sail.jpg|thumb|''[[Christian Radich]]'', full-rigged ship built in Sandefjord]]
Starting in 1850, a number of ships from Sandefjord were [[whaling]] and [[seal hunting|sealing]] in the [[Arctic Ocean]] and along the coast of [[Finnmark]]. The first whaling expedition from Sandefjord to the [[Southern Ocean|Antarctic Ocean]] was sent in 1905. Towards the end of the 1920s, Sandefjord had a fleet of 15 [[factory ship]]s and more than 90 whalers. In 1954, more than 2,800 men from the district were hired as crew on the whalers, but from the mid-1950s whaling was gradually reduced. The number of southbound expeditions rapidly decreased during the 1960s, and the 1967–1968 season became the last for Sandefjord.<ref name="Schandy" />{{rp|170}} In 1971, Sandefjord's last whale processing vessel was sold to [[Japan]].<ref name="HKB2000" />{{rp|28}} The shipping industry was gradually readjusted from whaling to other ship types during this period. The local [[Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted]] and [[Jotun (company)|Jotun Group Private Ltd.]] had major roles in this business.

Today, the memories of this important period of Sandefjord's history are kept alive at the [[Sandefjord Museum|Whaling Museum]] ({{lang|no|Hvalfangstmuseet}}). This museum is the only museum in Europe specializing in whales and the history of whaling.<ref name="visitnorway.com" /><ref name="atlasobscura.com">{{Cite web |title=Norway Is Home to a Whaling History Museum |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/sandefjord-museum |access-date=2017-12-28 |website=Atlas Obscura}}</ref> The history of the whalers can also be explored at the Museum's Wharf with a visit aboard the [[whale-catcher]] ''[[Southern Actor]]''. [[Whaling]] is considered to be the industry which made Sandefjord the richest city in Norway.<ref name="Porter" />

Sandefjord also has shipping traditions of tall sailing ships and steam ships. The full-rigged sailing ship ''[[Christian Radich (ship)|Christian Radich]]'', three-masted [[barquentine]] ''[[Endurance (1912 ship)|Endurance]]'', [[whaler|whale catcher]] ''[[Jason (ship)|Jason]]'' and [[Viking ship]] replica ''[[Viking (replica Viking longship)|Viking]]'' were some of the many ships built by [[Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted]].

[[Hans Albert Grøn]] of Sandefjord established the first whaling station in the [[Faroe Islands]] in 1894, which was located at [[Langasandur|Gjánoyri]] on the island of [[Streymoy]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Joensen |first=Jóan Pauli |title=Pilot Whaling in the Faroe Islands: History, Ethnography, Symbol |publisher=Faroe University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9789991865256 |page=225}}</ref><ref name="JT">{{Cite book |last1=Tønnessen |first1=Johan Nicolay |title=The History of Modern Whaling |last2=Johnsen |first2=Arne Odd |publisher=University of California Press |year=1982 |isbn=9780520039735}}</ref>{{rp|84}} As of 1903, half of all whaling companies in the Faroe Islands were operated out of Sandefjord.<ref name="FO95" />{{rp|205}} Furthermore, Sandefjord was the headquarters of the [[South African Whaling Company]] (SAWC), which was established in 1908 and managed by shipowner [[Johan Bryde]] of Sandefjord.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bertelsen |first1=Bjørn Enge |title=Navigating Colonial Orders: Norwegian Entrepreneurship in Africa and Oceania |last2=Kjerland |first2=Kirsten Alsaker |publisher=Berghahn Books |year=2014 |isbn=9781782385400 |page=128}}</ref> Sandefjordian whaling firms were also established on the coast of Africa, in [[Portugal]], [[Mexico]], [[Western Australia]], among other places.<ref name="FO95" />{{rp|327}}