Editing Roman Polanski (section)

=== 1979–2004 ===

''' ''Tess'' (1979)'''
He dedicated his next film, ''[[Tess (1979 film)|Tess]]'' (1979), to the memory of his late wife, [[Sharon Tate]]. It was Tate who first suggested he read ''[[Tess of the d'Urbervilles]]'', which she thought would make a good film; he subsequently expected her to star in it.<ref name=People>[http://people.com/archive/after-tess-and-roman-polanski-nastassia-kinski-trades-notoriety-for-l-a-propriety-vol-15-no-14/ "After 'tess' and Roman Polanski, Nastassia Kinski Trades Notoriety for L.a. Propriety"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303124038/http://people.com/archive/after-tess-and-roman-polanski-nastassia-kinski-trades-notoriety-for-l-a-propriety-vol-15-no-14/ |date=3 March 2017}}, ''People'', 12 April 1981</ref> Nearly a decade after Tate's death, he met [[Nastassja Kinski]], a model and aspiring young actress who had already been in a number of European films. He offered her the starring role, which she accepted. Her father was [[Klaus Kinski]], a leading German actor, who had introduced her to films.

Because the role required having a local dialect, Polanski sent her to London for five months of study and to spend time in the Dorset countryside to get a flavor of the region.<ref name=People/> In the film, Kinski starred opposite [[Peter Firth]] and [[Leigh Lawson]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/8/16/1376644998987/Polanski-directing-Peter--004.jpg?w=700&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=aee779bf01206a36dc861bb65dda38ce|title=Photo of Polanski directing Kinski and Firth|publisher=guim.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141809/https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/8/16/1376644998987/Polanski-directing-Peter--004.jpg?w=700&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=aee779bf01206a36dc861bb65dda38ce|archive-date=4 November 2016}}</ref>

{{quote box|align=left|width=25em|bgcolor = mistyrose|quote=[Polanski] took a lot of time, two years, preparing me for that film. ... He was strict with me, but in a good way. He made me feel smart, that I could do things.|source=Nastassja Kinski<ref>Welsh, James M., Phillips, Gene D. ''The Francis Ford Coppola Encyclopedia'', Scarecrow Press (2010) p. 154</ref>}}
''Tess'' was shot in the north of France instead of Hardy's England and became the most expensive film made in France up to that time. Ultimately, it proved a financial success and was well received by both critics and the public. Polanski won France's César Awards for [[César Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] and [[César Award for Best Director|Best Director]] and received his fourth Academy Award nomination (and his second nomination for Best Director). The film received three Oscars: best cinematography, best art direction, best costume design, and was nominated for best picture.

At the time, there were rumors that Polanski and Kinski became romantically involved, which he confirmed in a 1994 interview with [[Diane Sawyer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2w3kw |title=Roman Polanski First Interview After Arrest – Diane Sawyer – video Dailymotion |website=Dailymotion |date=2 September 2007}}</ref> but Nastassja says the rumors are untrue; they were never lovers or had an affair.<ref name=Telegraph>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/11394696/Nastassja-Kinski-interview-Ive-had-such-low-self-esteem.html "Nastassja Kinski interview: 'I've had such low self-esteem'"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619041655/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/11394696/Nastassja-Kinski-interview-Ive-had-such-low-self-esteem.html |date=19 June 2016}}, ''The Telegraph'', U.K., 6 February 2015</ref> She admits that "there was a flirtation. There ''could'' have been a seduction, but there was not. He had respect for me."<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1999/jul/03/weekend7.weekend3 "Daddy's girl"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404022601/https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1999/jul/03/weekend7.weekend3 |date=4 April 2017}}, ''The Guardian'', 2 July 1999</ref> She also recalls his influence on her while filming: "He was really a gentleman, not at all like the things I had heard. He introduced me to beautiful books, plays, movies. He educated me."<ref name=People/> On an emotional level, she said years later that "he was one of the people in my life who cared, ... who took me seriously and gave me a lot of strength."<ref name=Telegraph/> She told [[David Letterman]] more about her experience working with Polanski during an interview.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TzAZHZ7Mjk;t=8m5s|title=Late Night with David Letterman – Nastassja Kinski|last=Aflac163|date=8 June 2016|access-date=11 July 2017|via=YouTube|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405143340/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TzAZHZ7Mjk;t=8m5s|archive-date=5 April 2017}}</ref>

[[File:Grazia 02.jpg|thumb|Polanski in Italy in 1984]]

In 1981, Polanski directed and co-starred (as [[Mozart]]) in a stage production of [[Peter Shaffer]]'s play ''[[Amadeus (play)|Amadeus]]'', first in Warsaw, then in Paris.<ref name="contributions8"/><ref name="Polanski On Polish Stage Amid Political Upheaval"/> The play was again directed by Polanski, in Milan, in 1999.<ref name="Roman Polanski-directed Amadeus Opens in Milan, November 30 - Playbill.com"/>

''' ''Pirates'' (1986)'''
Nearly seven years passed before Polanski's next film, ''[[Pirates (1986 film)|Pirates]]'', a lavish period piece starring [[Walter Matthau]] as Captain Red, which the director intended as an homage to the beloved [[Errol Flynn]] swashbucklers of his childhood. Captain Red's henchman, Jean Baptiste, was played by Cris Campion. The film is about a rebellion the two led on a ship called the ''Neptune'', in the seventeenth century. The screenplay was written by Polanski, Gérard Brach, and John Brownjohn. The film was shot on location in Tunisia,<ref name="publishing9"/> using a full-sized pirate vessel constructed for the production. It was a financial and critical failure, recovering a small fraction of its production budget and garnering a single Academy Award nomination.<ref name="publishing10"/>

''' ''Frantic'' (1988)'''
''[[Frantic (film)|Frantic]]'' (1988) was a [[Hitchcockian]] suspense-thriller starring [[Harrison Ford]]<ref name="publishing11"/> and the actress/model [[Emmanuelle Seigner]],<ref name="publishing12"/> who later became Polanski's wife. The film follows an ordinary tourist in Paris whose wife is kidnapped. He attempts, hopelessly, to go through the Byzantine bureaucratic channels to deal with her disappearance, but finally takes matters into his own hands. The film was a commercial failure but received positive reviews from critics.

[[File:Roman Polanski Emmanuelle Seigner Cannes.jpg|thumb|Polanski with wife [[Emmanuelle Seigner]] at the [[1992 Cannes Film Festival]]]]

''' ''Bitter Moon'' (1992)'''
In 1992 Polanski followed with the dark psycho-sexual film ''[[Bitter Moon]]''. The film starred Seigner, [[Hugh Grant]], and [[Kristin Scott Thomas]]. Film critic [[Janet Maslin]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "Whatever else Mr. Polanski may be – nasty, mocking, darkly subversive in his view of the world – he definitely isn't dull. ''Bitter Moon'' is the kind of world-class, defiantly bad film that has a life of its own."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/18/movies/review-film-buttoned-down-people-unbuttoned-memories.html|title=Review/Film; Buttoned-Down People, Unbuttoned Memories|last=Maslin|first=Janet|date=1994-03-18|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-10-12|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

''' ''Death and the Maiden'' (1994)'''
In 1994 Polanski directed a film of the acclaimed play ''[[Death and the Maiden (film)|Death and the Maiden]]'' starring [[Ben Kingsley]] and [[Sigourney Weaver]]. The film is based on the [[Ariel Dorfman]] [[Death and the Maiden (play)|play of the same name]]. [[Roger Ebert]] of the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'' praised Polanski on his directing writing, "Death and the Maiden is all about acting. In other hands, even given the same director, this might have been a dreary slog."<ref>{{cite web |date=1995 |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |title=Death And The Maiden movie review (1995) |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/death-and-the-maiden-1995 |website=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=12 December 1994 |last=McCarthy |first=Todd |author-link=Todd McCarthy |title=Death and the Maiden |url=https://variety.com/1994/film/reviews/death-and-the-maiden-3-1200439773/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref>

''' ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' (1997)'''

In 1997, Polanski directed a stage version of his 1967 film ''[[The Fearless Vampire Killers]]'', which debuted in [[Vienna]]<ref name="bartlomiej"/> followed by successful runs in [[Stuttgart]], Hamburg, Berlin, and Budapest.

On {{Nowrap|11 March}} 1998, Polanski was elected a member of the [[Académie des Beaux-Arts]].<ref name="Entertainment, Polanski joins French elite" />
[[File:Roman Polanski..jpg|thumb|upright|left|Polanski at the [[2002 Cannes Film Festival]] for ''The Pianist'']]

''' ''The Ninth Gate'' (1999)'''

''[[The Ninth Gate]]'' is a thriller based on the novel ''[[El Club Dumas]]'' by [[Arturo Perez-Reverte]] and starring [[Johnny Depp]]. The movie's plot is based on the idea that an ancient text called "The Nine Gates of the Kingdom of Shadows", authored by Aristide Torchia along with Lucifer, is the key to raising Satan.<ref name="publishing13"/>

''' ''The Pianist'' (2002)'''

In 2001, Polanski filmed ''[[The Pianist (2002 film)|The Pianist]]'', an adaptation of the World War II [[The Pianist (memoir)|autobiography of the same name]] by Polish-Jewish musician [[Władysław Szpilman]]. Szpilman's experiences as a persecuted Jew in Poland during World War II were reminiscent of those of Polanski and his family. While Szpilman and Polanski escaped the [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]], their families did not, eventually perishing.

When Warsaw, Poland, was chosen for the 2002 premiere of ''The Pianist'', "the country exploded with pride". According to reports, numerous former communists came to the screening and "agreed that it was a fantastic film".<ref name="worldcrunch" /> In May 2002, the film won the {{Lang|fr|[[Palme d'Or]]}} (Golden Palm) award at the [[2002 Cannes Film Festival|Cannes Film Festival]],<ref name="cannes-2002.com" /> as well as [[César Awards|Césars]] for [[César Award for Best Film|Best Film]] and [[Cesar Award for Best Director|Best Director]].

The film was released in North America to critical acclaim. [[Roger Ebert]] praised in particular Polanski, writing, "[His] direction is masterful." and added "Polanski is reflecting, I believe, his own deepest feelings: that he survived, but need not have, and that his mother died and left a wound that had never healed."<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-pianist-2003|title= The Pianist movie review|website= Rogerebert.com|accessdate= September 4, 2023}}</ref> Polanski later won the 2002 [[Academy Award for Best Director]]. Because Polanski would have been arrested in the United States, he did not attend the Academy Awards ceremony in Hollywood. After the announcement of the Best Director Award, Polanski received a standing ovation from most of those present in the theater. Actor [[Harrison Ford]] accepted the award for Polanski and then presented the Oscar to him at the [[Deauville Film Festival]] five months later in a public ceremony.<ref name="wlwt" /> Polanski later received the [[Crystal Globe (Karlovy Vary International Film Festival)|Crystal Globe]] award for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema at the [[Karlovy Vary International Film Festival]] in 2004.