Editing Richard I of England (section)

===Occupation of Sicily===
[[File:Philippe Auguste et Richard IIIe croisade.jpg|thumb|Richard and Philip of France, French manuscript of 1261. [[Bibliothèque nationale de France|Bibliothèque Nationale de France]].]]
In September 1190 Richard and Philip arrived in [[Sicily]].{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|p=111}} After the death of King [[William II of Sicily]] in 1189 his cousin [[Tancred, King of Sicily|Tancred]] had seized power, although the legal heir was William's aunt [[Constance I of Sicily|Constance]], wife of [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor]]. Tancred had imprisoned William's widow, Queen Joan, who was Richard's sister, and did not give her the money she had inherited in William's will. When Richard arrived he demanded that his sister be released and given her inheritance; she was freed on 28 September, but without the inheritance.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|p=114}} The presence of foreign troops also caused unrest: in October, the people of [[Messina]] revolted, demanding that the foreigners leave.<ref name=FloriuF116>{{Harvnb|Flori|1999f|p=116}}</ref> Richard attacked Messina, capturing it on 4 October 1190.<ref name=FloriuF116/> After looting and burning the city Richard established his base there, but this created tension between Richard and Philip. He remained there until Tancred finally agreed to sign a treaty on 4 March 1191. The treaty was signed by Richard, Philip, and Tancred.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|p=117}} Its main terms were:
* Joan was to receive {{Convert|20000|oz|kg}} of gold as compensation for her inheritance, which Tancred kept.
* Richard officially proclaimed his nephew, [[Arthur of Brittany]], son of Geoffrey, as his heir, and Tancred promised to marry one of his daughters to Arthur when he came of age, giving a further {{Convert|20000|oz|kg}} of gold that would be returned by Richard if Arthur did not marry Tancred's daughter.

The two kings stayed in Sicily for a while, but this resulted in increasing tensions between them and their men, with Philip plotting with Tancred against Richard.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|pp=124–126}}  The two kings eventually met to clear the air and reached an agreement, including the end of Richard's betrothal to Philip's sister Alys.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|pp=127–128}} In 1190 King Richard, before leaving for the Holy Land for the crusade, met [[Joachim of Fiore]], who spoke to him of a prophecy contained in the [[Book of Revelation]].