Editing Resistance movement (section)

===Pre–20th century===
[[File:En Vendée-1795 - Évariste Carpentier.jpg|thumb|The [[War in the Vendée|Vendeans revolted]] against the revolutionary government in France in 1793]]
[[File:Battle of Oulart Hill.jpg|thumb|[[Irish Rebellion of 1798]]]]
[[File:Battle scene from the Greek War of Independence.jpg|thumb|[[Greek War of Independence]], (1821–29), rebellion of Greeks within the [[Ottoman Empire]], a struggle which resulted in the establishment of an independent [[Greece]].]]
[[File:Apache_chieff_Geronimo_(right)_and_his_warriors_in_1886.jpg|thumb|[[Geronimo]] (right) alongside his fellow [[Apache]] warriors in 1886]]

* The [[Maccabees]] were first-century BC Jewish rebel warriors who fought against the occupying [[Seleucid Empire]] in [[Judea]], as described in the [[deuterocanonical]] [[Books of the Maccabees]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-10 |title=Maccabees - Jewish Resistance, Revolt, Dynasty {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Maccabees/Jewish-resistance |access-date=2025-02-03 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
* The [[Sicarii]] were a first-century Jewish movement opposing Roman occupation of the Jewish [[Promised Land]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Perry|first=Simon|title=All Who Came Before|year=2011|publisher=Wipf and Stock|location=Eugene, Oregon|isbn=978-1-60899-659-9|url=http://www.allwhocamebefore.com|access-date=2022-01-02|archive-date=2019-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803164317/http://allwhocamebefore.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The [[Yellow Turban Rebellion|Yellow Turbans]] were peasant rebels against the [[Eastern Han dynasty]], led by [[Zhang Jue]], was crushed by the lack of co-ordination with other Yellow Turban groups as well as destabilization.
* The [[Abbasid Revolution]] overthrow of the [[Umayyad dynasty]] under [[Abu Muslim]], which was caused by [[discrimination]] against non-[[Arabs|Arab]] [[Muslims]] and government corruption.
* The [[Mamluks]] were [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] slaves who overthrew the [[Ayyubid dynasty]].
* In opposition to [[British rule in Ireland]] and the subsequent [[Plantations of Ireland]], the native [[Gaels|Gaelic]] population, at times with and against the [[Hiberno-Normans]] lords, launched the [[Bruce campaign in Ireland]] (1315-1318), the [[Desmond Rebellions]] (1569–1573 & 1579–1583), the [[Nine Years' War (Ireland)|Nine Years' War]], also known as Tyrone's Rebellion, (1593-1603), the [[Irish Rebellion of 1641]] & the subsequent [[Irish Confederate Wars]] (1641-1653), the [[Williamite War in Ireland]] (1688–1691), the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]], also known as the United Irishmen Rebellion, and [[Tithe War|the Tithe War]] (1831-1836).<ref>Bartlett, A Military History of Ireland</ref>
* The [[Jacobite risings]] were a series of rebellions, uprisings, and wars to reinstate the [[Stuart dynasty]].
* The [[Patriot (American Revolution)|American Continental forces]] of the [[American Revolutionary War]] were essentially a resistance movement against the British Empire.
** [[Francis Marion]] was an [[American Revolutionary War]] partisan who led a partisan guerrilla movement against Great Britain.
* [[Indigenous Australians]] in the [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|early history of Australia]]
** [[Pemulwuy]] – An [[indigenous Australian]] who resisted the [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|European colonization of Australia]]. In 1797, a state of [[guerrilla warfare]] existed [[Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars|between indigenous people and settler communities]] in [[Sydney]]. The Aboriginals were led by Pemulwuy, a member of the [[Bidjigal]] tribe who occupied the land.<ref name="ReferenceA">Willey, K., ''When the Sky Fell Down: The Destruction of the Tribes of the Sydney Region, 1788–1850s'', Collins, Sydney, 1979</ref> Pemulwuy was eventually shot and killed by [[Henry Hacking]] in 1802.<ref>Collins, D., ''An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales'', Vol. 1, Cadell and Davies, London, 1798.</ref>
** [[Jandamarra]] – The first Indigenous Australian to use firearms and conduct organized warfare in battle against settlers; leading a war against Euro-Australian settlers for three years, from 1894 to 1897. The resistance movement ended when Jandamarra was shot dead by an [[Aboriginal tracker]].
* Resistance movements against [[First French Empire|France]] also emerged during the [[Napoleonic Wars]]
** The 1808 invasion of Spain by Bonaparte sparked [[Guerrilla warfare in the Peninsular War|a resistance movement]] composed mostly of the lower classes, who felt that the nobility was simply allowing themselves to fall under French control. Lord Wellington remarked that it was extraordinary that the French had managed to remain in the country for so long (about 4 years).
** [[Landsturm]] – German resistance groups fighting against the French in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].
* Certain [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] during [[Manifest destiny]].
** [[Tsali]] – [[Cherokee]] tribal member who led a small band of Cherokee people against the United States military during the [[Trail of Tears]] era. Executed in exchange for the survival of his band, the band were integrated into the [[Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians]].
** [[Osceola]] – [[Seminole]] chief who was very influential. Resisted deportation during the period of [[Indian removal]]. Led a number of successes until being captured by the United States during faux peace talks, died a few months later in prison.
* During the [[American Civil War]], there were also resistance movements on both sides
** [[Bushwhacker]]s were [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] guerrillas who engaged in raids, robberies, and massacres against the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] forces and affiliated citizens. Continued resisting for some years after the [[American Civil War]] ended. Responsible for the [[Lawrence Massacre]]
** [[Jayhawker]]s were [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] guerrillas who engaged in the same acts as the bushwhackers did, they were also active during [[Bleeding Kansas]], most prominent member was [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]] responsible for the [[Pottawatomie Massacre]] and [[John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry]].
* [[Carbonari]] – 19th-century Italian movement resisting Austrian or [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]] rule.
* The [[Polish National Government (January Uprising)|Polish National Government]] – Underground Polish supreme authority during the [[January Uprising]] against [[partitions of Poland|Russian occupation of Poland]]. In 1863–1864, it was a real shadow government supported by majority of Poles, who even paid taxes for it, and was a significant problem for the [[Okhrana]], the [[secret police]] of the [[Russian Empire]].
* [[Andrés Avelino Cáceres]]' [[Resistance (War of the Pacific)|resistance movement]] against invading Chilean forces during the [[War of the Pacific]].
* The [[Katipunan|Kataas-Taasang, Ka-Galang-galangang, Katipunan ng mga Anak Ng Bayan]] (KKK) was an organization in the Philippines that instigated the Philippine Revolution in 1896 against the Spanish colonials and resulted in the dissolution of the ''Republic of Biak na Bato'' and the exile of the Philippine Government, headed by Emillo Aguinaldo.