Editing Quebec City (section)

== Demographics ==
{{more citations needed section|date=April 2016}}
{{Historical populations
|title       = Quebec City<ref name="scpast">Statistics Canada: [[Canada 1871 Census|1871]], 1881, 1891, 1901, [[Canada 1911 Census|1911]], [[Canada 1921 Census|1921]], [[Canada 1931 Census|1931]], [[Canada 1941 Census|1941]], [[Canada 1951 Census|1951]], 1956, 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976, 1981, 1986, [[Canada 1991 Census|1991]], [[Canada 1996 Census|1996]], [[Canada 2001 Census|2001]], [[Canada 2006 Census|2006]], [[Canada 2011 Census|2011]], [[Canada 2016 Census|2016]], [[Canada 2021 Census|2021]] census</ref>
|type        = Canada
|align       = right
|width       =
|state       =
|shading     =
|percentages =
|1665|547
|1667|444
|1681|1345
|1685|1205
|1688|1407
|1692|1570
|1695|1549
|1698|1988
|1706|1771
|1739|4603
|1754|8001
|1765|8967
|1790|14000
|1825|22101
|1851|42052 
|1861|51109 
|1871|59699
|1881|62446
|1891<sup>a</sup>|63090
|1901|68940
|[[Canada 1911 Census|1911]]<sup>b</sup>|78118
|1921<sup>c</sup>|95193
|1931|130594
|1941|150757
|1951|164016
|1956|170703
|1961|171979
|1966|166984
|1971<sup>d</sup>|186088
|1976<sup>e</sup>|177082
|1981|165968
|1986|164580
|1991|167517
|1996|167264
|2001|169076
|2006<sup>f</sup>|491142
|2011|516622
|2016|531902
|2021|549459
| footnote = {{center|'''<sup>a</sup> Quebec City annexed the Village of Saint-Sauveur-de-Québec<br /><sup>b</sup>Quebec City annexed the Town of Limoilou and the Village of Saint-Malo<br /><sup>c</sup>Quebec City annexed the Town of Montcalm<br /><sup>d</sup>Quebec City annexed the Town of Duberger and the Town of Les Saules<br /><sup>e</sup>Quebec City annexed the Town of Neufchâtel and the Municipality of Charlesbourg-Ouest<br /><sup>f</sup>Quebec City annexed the cities of Beauport, Cap-Rouge, Charlesbourg, Lac-Saint-Charles, Loretteville, Saint-Émile, Sainte-Foy, Sillery, Val-Bélair and Vanier'''}}
}}

{{Historical populations
|title       = Quebec City (in its present city boundaries)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/donstat/societe/demographie/dons_regnl/regional/Tableau_top_10.htm |title=Évolution démographique des 10 principales villes du Québec (Sur la base de 2006) selon leur limites territoriales actuelles1, Recensements du Canada de 1871 à 2006 |website=www.stat.gouv.qc.ca |access-date=19 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006173408/http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/donstat/societe/demographie/dons_regnl/regional/Tableau_top_10.htm |archive-date=6 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|type        = Canada
|align       = right
|width       =
|state       =
|shading     =
|percentages =
|1871|76593
|1881|80249
|1891|80546
|1901|88615
|[[Canada 1911 Census|1911]]|102214
|1921|122698
|1931|168249
|1941|199588
|1951|245742
|1956|279521
|1961|321917
|1966|372373
|1971|408440
|1976|429757
|1981|434980
|1986|440598
|1991|461894
|1996|473569
|2001|476330
|2006|491142
|2011|516622
|2016|531902
|2021|549459
}}

In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Québec had a population of {{val|549459|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|265711|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|283219|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:549459-531902}}|531902|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|531902|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|452.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|549459|452.3|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000224 |title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Quebec |publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] |date=February 9, 2022 |accessdate=August 29, 2022}}</ref>

According to Statistics Canada, there were 839,311 people residing in the Quebec City census metropolitan area.<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Government of Canada, Statistics Canada|date=8 February 2017 |title=Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2016 Census |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm? |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210214952/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm |archive-date=10 February 2017 |access-date=9 February 2017 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

In 2016, 20.6% of the resident population in Quebec City was of retirement age (65 and over for males and females) compared with 16.9% in Canada. The median age is 43.3 years of age compared to 41.2 years of age for Canada as a whole. In the five years between 2011 and 2016, the population of Quebec City grew by 3%.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=8 February 2017 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census – Québec, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Canada [Country] |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423027&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028235556/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423027&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=1 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |access-date=16 July 2019 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===
In 2021,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Census Profile, 2021 - Québec, Ville |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0&DGUIDlist=2021A00052423027&SearchText=quebec |website=Statistics Canada| date=9 February 2022 }}</ref> 9.4% of Quebec City residents reported [[visible minority]] status, a relatively low figure for a large Canadian city; the national average was 26.5%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census Profile, 2021 - Canada [Country] |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&DGUIDList=2021A000011124&GENDERList=1,2,3&STATISTICList=1&HEADERList=0&SearchText=Canada |website=Statistics Canada| date=9 February 2022 }}</ref> The largest visible minority group were [[Black Canadians]], who formed 4.1% of the population. Quebec City also had a lower percentage of Indigenous Canadians (1.8%) than the national average of 5.0%.<ref name="2021censusB"/>

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in Quebec City (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423027&Geo2=CD&Code2=2423&SearchText=Quebec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423027&Data=Count&SearchText=Quebec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423027&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Quebec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2423025&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Qu%C3%A9bec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]<ref group="note">Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.</ref>
| 473,770
| {{Percentage | 473770 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 475,720
| {{Percentage | 475720 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 477,715
| {{Percentage | 477715 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 465,115
| {{Percentage | 465115 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 160,940
| {{Percentage | 160940 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|Black]]
| 21,955
| {{Percentage | 21955 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 12,430
| {{Percentage | 12430 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 5,760
| {{Percentage | 5760 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 4,550
| {{Percentage | 4550 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 1,335
| {{Percentage | 1335 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]<ref group="note">Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.</ref>
| 10,510
| {{Percentage | 10510 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 6,850
| {{Percentage | 6850 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 4,045
| {{Percentage | 4045 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 2,980
| {{Percentage | 2980 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 370
| {{Percentage | 370 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 9,395
| {{Percentage | 9395 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 7,290
| {{Percentage | 7290 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 4,635
| {{Percentage | 4635 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 3,140
| {{Percentage | 3140 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 1,055
| {{Percentage | 1055 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 8,585
| {{Percentage | 8585 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 6,675
| {{Percentage | 6675 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 5,085
| {{Percentage | 5085 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 2,725
| {{Percentage | 2725 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 1,095
| {{Percentage | 1095 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia]]n<ref group="note">Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.</ref>
| 3,275
| {{Percentage | 3275 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 2,590
| {{Percentage | 2590 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 1,855
| {{Percentage | 1855 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 1,470
| {{Percentage | 1470 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 820
| {{Percentage | 820 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]<ref group="note">Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.</ref>
| 2,970
| {{Percentage | 2970 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 2,565
| {{Percentage | 2565 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 2,080
| {{Percentage | 2080 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 1,730
| {{Percentage | 1730 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 420
| {{Percentage | 420 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 1,610
| {{Percentage | 1610 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 1,390
| {{Percentage | 1390 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 855
| {{Percentage | 855 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 425
| {{Percentage | 425 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 120
| {{Percentage | 120 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|Multiracial]]<ref group="note">Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.</ref>
| 1,465
| {{Percentage | 1465 | 533540 | 2 }}
| 730
| {{Percentage | 730 | 516250 | 2 }}
| 570
| {{Percentage | 570 | 502595 | 2 }}
| 405
| {{Percentage | 405 | 482545 | 2 }}
| 110
| {{Percentage | 110 | 166255 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 533,540
! {{Percentage | 533540 | 549459 | 2 }}
! 516,250
! {{Percentage | 516250 | 531902 | 2 }}
! 502,595
! {{Percentage | 502595 | 516622 | 2 }}
! 482,545
! {{Percentage | 482545 | 491142 | 2 }}
! 166,255
! {{Percentage | 166255 | 169076 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 549,459
! {{Percentage | 549459 | 549459 | 2 }}
! 531,902
! {{Percentage | 531902 | 531902 | 2 }}
! 516,622
! {{Percentage | 516622 | 516622 | 2 }}
! 491,142
! {{Percentage | 491142 | 491142 | 2 }}
! 169,076
! {{Percentage | 169076 | 169076 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}

{{noteFoot}}
|}

=== Immigration ===
The [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]] reported that [[Immigration to Canada|immigrants]] (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 45,230 persons or 8.5% of the total population of Quebec City. Of the total immigrant population, the top countries of origin were France (7,360 persons or 16.3%), Colombia (2,865 persons or 6.3%), Morocco (2,715 persons or 6.0%), Ivory Coast (2,500 persons or 5.5%), Cameroon (2,225 persons or 4.9%), Algeria (1,920 persons or 4.2%), Tunisia (1,795 persons or 4.0%), Democratic Republic of the Congo (1,315 persons or 1,315%), Haiti (1,120 persons or 2.5%), and Brazil (1,115 persons or 2.5%).<ref name="2021censusB"/>

=== Language ===
The great majority of city residents are native French speakers. The English-speaking community peaked in relative terms during the 1860s, when 40% of Quebec City's residents were [[English language|Anglophone]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morrin Centre |title=Anglos in Québec |url=http://www.morrin.org/pages/anglos.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306032111/http://www.morrin.org/pages/anglos.php |archive-date=6 March 2012 |access-date=15 March 2007 |publisher=Literary and Historical Society of Quebec}}</ref><ref>Blair, Louisa. The Anglos: The Hidden Face of Quebec City. Volume 1: 1608–1850; Volume 2: Since 1850. Québec: Commission de la capitale nationale du Québec & Éditions Sylvain Harvey, 2005.</ref> Today, native Anglophones make up only about 1.5% of the population of both the city and its metropolitan area.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Voice of English-speaking Québec: A Portrait of the English-speaking Community in Quebec |url=http://www.veq.qc.ca/enter/pages/portrait.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929131149/http://www.veq.qc.ca/enter/pages/portrait.htm |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=15 March 2007 |publisher=Voice of English-speaking Québec}}</ref> However, the summer tourist season and the [[Quebec Winter Carnival]] attract significant numbers of Anglophone (as well as [[Francophone]]) visitors, and English can often be heard in areas frequented by tourists.

In 2021, according to Statistics Canada, 90.6% of Quebec City's population spoke French as their sole mother tongue. More than a third of city residents reported being capable of speaking both French and English.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Canada Census Mother Tongue – Quebec City, Quebec<ref name="scpast"/>
|-
! rowspan="2"|Census<br />Year
|
! rowspan="2"|Total<br />Responses
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|French}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|English}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|French & English}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|Other}}
|-
|
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop. %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop. %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop. %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop. %
|-
| {{center|2021}}
|
| {{center|542,435}}
|
| 491,515
| {{increase}} 1.6%
| 90.6%
|
| 7,685
| {{increase}} 3.9%
| 1.4%
|
| 4,530
| {{increase}} 73.2%
| 0.8%
|
| 33,255
| {{increase}} 26.1%
| 6.1%
|-
| {{center|2016}}
|
| {{center|523,560}}
|
| 483,790
| {{increase}} 1.1%
| 92.4%
|
| 7,395
| {{increase}} 0.0%
| 1.4%
|
| 2,615
| {{increase}} 13.0%
| 0.5%
|
| 26,370
| {{increase}} 33.3%
| 5.0%
|-
| {{center|2011}}
|
| {{center|516,622}}
|
| 478,395
| {{increase}} 4.6%
| 92.6%
|
| 7,370
| {{increase}} 4.6%
| 1.4%
|
| 2,315
| {{increase}} 36.9%
| 0.5%
|
| 19,790
| {{increase}} 9.9%
| 3.8%
|-
| {{center|2006}}
|
| {{center|491,142}}
|
| 456,225
| {{increase}} 1.8%
| 92.9%
|
| 7,030
| {{increase}} 2.8%
| 1.4%
|
| 1,460
| {{decrease}} 38.4%
| 0.3%
|
| 17,825
| {{increase}} 35.3%
| 3.6%
|-
| {{center|2001}}
|
| {{center|471,962}}
|
| 447,840
| {{increase}} 0.4%
| 94.9%
|
| 6,830
| {{decrease}} 21.6%
| 1.5%
|
| 2,020
| {{increase}} 3.2%
| 0.4%
|
| 11,535
| {{increase}} 14.8%
| 2.4%
|-
| {{center|1996}}
|
| {{center|467,455}}
|
| 446,194
| n/a
| 95.5%
|
| 8,309
| n/a
| 1.8%
|
| 1,955
| n/a
| 0.4%
|
| 9,830
| n/a
| 2.1%
|}

=== Religion ===
According to the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]], religious groups in Quebec City included:<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0&DGUIDlist=2021A00052423027&SearchText=quebec |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
*[[Christianity in Canada|Christianity]] (349,320 residents, or 65.5%)
*[[Irreligion in Canada|Irreligion]] (162,900; 30.5%)
*[[Islam in Canada|Islam]] (17,490; 3.3%)
*[[Buddhism in Canada|Buddhism]] (1,565; 0.3%)
*[[Hinduism in Canada|Hinduism]] (515; 0.1%)
*[[Judaism in Canada|Judaism]] (305; 0.1%)
*[[Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous Spirituality]] (75; <0.1%)
*[[Sikhism in Canada|Sikhism]] (20; <0.1%)
*Other (1,355; 0.3%)