Editing Posidonius (section)

===Ethics===
Ethics, Posidonius taught, is about practice not just theory.<ref name="kiddb69">{{Harvnb|Kidd|1988|p=69}}</ref> It involves knowledge of both the human and the divine, and a knowledge of the universe to which human reason is related.<ref name="kiddb69"/>

It was once the general view that Posidonius departed from the monistic psychology of the earlier Stoics.<ref name="sellars10"/> [[Chrysippus]] had written a work called ''[[On Passions]]'' in which he affirmed that reason and emotion were not separate and distinct faculties, and that [[Stoic passions|destructive passions]] were instead rational impulses which were out-of-control. According to the testimony of [[Galen]] (an adherent of Plato), Posidonius wrote his own ''On Passions'' in which he instead adopted Plato's tripartition of the soul which taught that in addition to the rational faculties, the human soul had faculties that were spirited (anger, desires for power, possessions, etc.) and desiderative (desires for sex and food).<ref name="sellars10"/> Although Galen's testimony is still accepted by some, more recent scholarship argues that Galen may have exaggerated Posidonius' views for polemical effect, and that Posidonius may have been trying to clarify and expand on Chrysippus rather than oppose him.<ref name="sellars10"/><ref name="graver216">{{Harvnb|Graver|2002|p=216}}</ref> Other writers who knew the ethical works of Posidonius, including Cicero and [[Seneca the Younger|Seneca]], grouped Chrysippus and Posidonius together and saw no opposition between them.<ref name="kiddb69"/><ref name="graver216"/>