Editing Portuguese Timor (section)

===Post-WWII===
[[File:Lesser coat of arms of Portuguese Timor.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.55|Portuguese Timor Arms (1935–1975)<ref name="Flags of the World">{{cite web|url=https://www.fotw.info/flags/tl!1967.html|title=Flags of the World|access-date=4 March 2022|archive-date=8 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408212757/https://www.fotw.info/flags/tl!1967.html|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Following World War II, the Portuguese promptly returned to reclaim their colony, while Dutch Timor became part of [[Indonesia]] as Indonesian Timor, when it [[Indonesian National Revolution|secured its independence]] in 1949.

Keen to maintain its colonies under the ideology of [[Lusotropicalism]], Portugal formally declared Timor as an [[Overseas province]]. A small increase in education, infrastructure, and health development was coupled with increased repression. The international pressure for decolonisation and [[Portuguese Colonial War|unrest in Portuguese Africa]] had little impact internally in Portuguese Timor, where identities remained linked to local kingdoms.<ref name="Kammen2015ch5"/>{{rp|111–113}}

The [[1959 Viqueque rebellion]] saw the only post-WWII violent resistance to Portuguese rule.<ref name="Hoadley1976">{{cite journal |author1=Stephen Hoadley |title=East Timor: Civil War — Causes and Consequences |journal=Southeast Asian Affairs |year=1976 |pages=411–419 |publisher=ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute |jstor=27908293 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908293}}</ref>{{rp|411}}

To rebuild the economy, colonial administrators forced local chiefs to supply labourers which further damaged the agricultural sector.<ref name="Schwartz199" /> Coffee exports were promoted by the government. However, the economy did not improve substantially, and infrastructure improvements were limited.<ref name="Lundhal2019"/>{{rp|269}} Growth rates remained low, near 2%.<ref name="TL">{{Cite web |url=http://www.timor-leste.gov.tl/AboutTimorleste/history.htm |title=About Timor-Leste > Brief History of Timor-Leste: A History |website=Timor-Leste.gov.tl  |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029065300/http://www.timor-leste.gov.tl/AboutTimorleste/history.htm |archive-date=29 October 2008}}</ref> The role of the [[Catholic Church]] in Portuguese Timor grew following the Portuguese government handing over the education of the Timorese to the Church in 1941. In post-war Portuguese Timor, primary and secondary school education levels significantly increased, albeit on a very low base.

Although illiteracy in 1973 was estimated at 93 percent of the population, the small educated elite of Portuguese Timorese produced by the Church in the 1960s and 1970s became the independence leaders during the [[Indonesian Occupation of East Timor|Indonesian occupation]].<ref name="Schwartz199" /> Towards the end of their rule, Portugal provided around US$5 million per year to East Timor.<ref name="Hoadley1976"/>{{rp|411}}