Editing Pope Urban V (section)

===Reformer and patron of education===
As pope, Urban V continued to follow the discipline of the [[Benedictine Rule]] and to wear his [[monastic habit]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Urban V worked against absenteeism, pluralism and simony,  while seeking to improve clerical training and examination.<ref>Joëlle Rollo-Koster，Thomas M. Izbicki, ''A Companion to the Great Western Schism'', (Brill, Boston, 2009), 329.</ref>  It must be kept in mind, however, that, with the training of a monk, reform was a matter of return to ideal values and principles through discipline, not a matter of striking out with new solutions.  With the training of a lawyer, reform was a matter of codifying and enforcing established decisions and precedents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Petrović |first=Mišo |date=2021 |others=Katalin Szende |title=The development of the episcopal office in Medieval Croatia-Dalmatia : The cases of Split, Trogir and Zadar (1270-1420) |url=https://sierra.ceu.edu/record=b1437040 |journal=Central European University |pages=33 |doi=10.14754/CEU.2021.02}}</ref>

Pope Urban V introduced considerable reforms in the administration of justice and liberally patronized learning. He founded a university in [[Hungary]]. He granted the University of Pavia the status of Studium Generale (14 April 1363).<ref>{{cite book|editor=Tomassetti, Aloysius|title=Bullarum, diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum Taurinensis editio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCxOAQAAMAAJ|edition=Tomus IV|year=1859|publisher=Seb. Franco et Henrico Dalmazzo editoribus|location=Turin|language=la|page=519}}</ref> In [[University of Toulouse|Toulouse]], he granted the Theology Faculty the same rights as possessed by the University of Paris.<ref>Baluze (1693), I, p. 1057.</ref> In [[Montpellier]], he restored the school of [[medicine]]  and founded the [[University of Montpellier|College of Saint Benedict]], whose church, decorated with numerous works of art, later became the cathedral of the city. He founded a collegiate church in [[Quézac, Lozère|Quézac]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Louis Moréri|title=Le grand dictionaire historique: ou, Le mélange curieux de l'histoire sacreé et profane|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oAQ_AAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA213|volume=Tome quatrieme (IV)|year=1740|publisher=Chez P. Brunel|location=Amsterdam|language=fr|page=213}}</ref> and a church and library in [[Ispagnac]].  On a hilltop near [[Bédouès]], the parish in which the Château de Grisac is situated, he built a church where the bodies of his parents were buried, and, we are informed by a papal bull of December 1363, he instituted a college of six canon-priests, along with a deacon and a subdeacon.<ref>{{cite book|author=Abbé Couderc|title=Notice sur l'église de Bédoués|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YaoPi8t6VygC&pg=PP1|year=1856|publisher=Imprimerie de J.-B. Cazaux|location=Toulouse|language=fr}} {{cite book|author=Félix Buffière|title=Ce tant rude Gévaudan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dvWVMwEACAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Société des lettres sciences et arts de la Lozère|language=fr}}</ref>

Urban V issued a preliminary consent for the establishment of the university of [[Kraków]], which by September 1364 had gained full papal consent.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Jos. M. M. Hermans|author2=Marc Nelissen (edd.)|title=Charters of Foundation and Early Documents of the Universities of the Coimbra Group|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QE-P0ffkTUoC|edition=second|date=January 2005|publisher=Leuven University Press|location=Leuven|language=en, la|isbn=978-90-5867-474-6|pages=60, 127}}</ref> He provided books and the best professors to more than 1,000 students of all classes. Around [[Rome]], he also planted [[vineyards]].{{citation needed|date=December 2020}}

He imposed the penalty of excommunication on anyone who molested the Jews or attempted forcible conversion and baptism.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Tomassetti, Aloysius|title=Bullarum, diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum Taurinensis editio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCxOAQAAMAAJ|edition=Tomus IV|year=1859|publisher=Seb. Franco et Henrico Dalmazzo editoribus|location=Turin|language=la|pages=522–523}}</ref>