Editing Political spectrum (section)

=== Later research ===
In further research,<ref>{{cite journal|author=Eysenck, Hans|title=The structure of social attitudes|journal=Psychological Reports|volume=39|pages=463–6|year=1976|url=http://ammonsscientific.com/link.php?N=20755|doi=10.2466/pr0.1976.39.2.463|issue=2|s2cid=145323731|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514221552/https://ammonsscientific.com/link.php?N=20755|archive-date=14 May 2013}}{{Expression of Concern|doi=10.1177/0033294120901991|pmid=32037970|http://retractionwatch.com/2020/02/12/journals-retract-three-papers-by-hans-eysenck-flag-18-some-60-years-old/ ''Retraction Watch''}}</ref> Eysenck refined his [[methodology]] to include more questions on [[Economics|economic issues]]. Doing this, he revealed a split in the left–right axis between [[social policy]] and [[economic policy]], with a previously undiscovered dimension of socialism-capitalism (S-factor).

While factorially distinct from Eysenck's previous R factor, the S-factor did positively [[correlate]] with the R-factor, indicating that a basic left–right or right–left tendency underlies both [[value (ethics)|social values]] and [[value system|economic values]], although S tapped more into items discussing [[economic inequality]] and [[big business]], while R relates more to the treatment of criminals and to [[Human sexuality|sexual]] issues and [[military]] issues.

Another replication came from [[Ronald Inglehart]]'s research into national [[opinions]] based on the [[World Values Survey]], although Inglehart's research described the values of [[Country|countries]] rather than [[individuals]] or [[Group (sociology)|groups]] of individuals within [[nations]]. Inglehart's two-factor solution took the form of Ferguson's original religionism and humanitarianism dimensions; Inglehart labelled them "secularism–traditionalism", which covered issues of tradition and religion, like patriotism, [[abortion]], [[euthanasia]] and the importance of [[Obedience (human behavior)|obeying]] the law and [[authority figure]]s, and "survivalism – self expression", which measured issues like everyday conduct and dress, acceptance of [[Diversity (politics)|diversity]] (including [[Alien (law)|foreigners]]) and [[innovation]] and [[Attitude (psychology)|attitudes]] towards people with specific controversial [[Lifestyle (sociology)|lifestyles]] such as [[homosexuality]] and [[vegetarianism]], as well as willingness to engage in political [[activism]]. See<ref name="worldvaluessurvey.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs/articles/folder_published/article_base_54|title=The WVS Cultural Map of the World|author1=Inglehart, Ronald|author2=Welzel, Christian|publisher=World Values Survey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031062726/http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs/articles/folder_published/article_base_54|archive-date=31 October 2011|url-status=dead|access-date=18 December 2013}}</ref> for Inglehart's national chart.

Though not directly related to Eysenck's research, evidence suggests there may be as many as 6 dimensions of political opinions in the United States and 10 dimensions in the United Kingdom. This conclusion was based on two large datasets and uses a Bayesian approach rather than the traditional factor analysis method.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lewenberg |first1=Yoad |title=Political dimensionality estimation using a probabilistic graphic model |journal=Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence |date=June 2016 |pages=447–456}}</ref>