Editing Piri Reis (section)

=== 1528 world map ===
[[Image:Second World Map of Piri Reis.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Map of the Caribbean and other areas in the New World|Surviving fragment of the second world map of Piri Reis (1528)]]

Piri Reis compiled a second world map in 1528.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p303">{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|p=303}}.</ref> Only a fragment of the map—the northwest corner—remains.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p303" /> The parchment fragment is approximately {{convert|70|cm|sp=us}} square.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p303" /> As with the 1513 map, the 1528 map has calligraphic inscriptions in Ottoman-Turkish written in the Arabic alphabet. The colophon is in Arabic, likely handwritten by Piri Reis himself.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p306">{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|p=306}}.</ref> According to the colophon, Piri Reis compiled the map in 1528 in Gelibolu.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p306"/> However, he may not have completed it until 1529.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p303"/>

The 1528 map was a portolan chart like his earlier works. It uses a windrose network radiating out from compass roses.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p305">{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|p=305}}.</ref> The map does include one line of latitude, the [[Tropic of Cancer]]; it is slightly south of the correct position for Cuba and the Yucatan.<ref name="Tekeli 1985 681">{{harvnb|Tekeli|1985|p=681}}.</ref> The map uses standard portolan colors and symbols. Dots indicate shallow waters and [[sand bank]]s. Crosses indicate rocks and [[reef]]s.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p305" /> The ships painted on the map are two [[caravel]]s and a [[carrack]].<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p306" /> The [[Scale (map)|scale]] bars indicate {{cvt|50|mi|order=flip}} between the sections of the scales.<ref>{{harvnb|İnan|1954|p=45}}.</ref>

Based on the design of recently explored geographical features like Greenland, Newfoundland, and Florida, the map likely relied on Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian maps from the 1520s.<ref name="McIntosh-2015-p303" /> Notes on the map cite recent Portuguese voyages to [[Labrador]] and [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]].<ref>{{harvnb|İnan|1954|pp=43–45}}.</ref> Hispaniola and Cuba are much more accurate compared to the 1513 world map. Cuba, labeled "''Isla di [[Havana|Vana]]''", is now correctly positioned as an island in the Caribbean.<ref name="Tekeli 1985 681"/><ref>{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|p=307}}.</ref> In contrast to the 1513 map, Piri Reis leaves areas that have not been explored blank.<ref>{{harvnb|İnan|1954|p=48}}.</ref> Only the explored southern coasts of the Florida peninsula are on the map. The [[geography of Florida]] is left ambiguous as potentially an island or [[peninsula]].<ref>{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|pp=307–308}}.</ref> The [[Spanish Empire]]'s master map, the ''[[Padrón Real]]'', included this type of ambiguous Florida until 1520, and it influenced Italian cartography like the [[Freducci map]].<ref>{{harvnb|McIntosh|2015|pp=308–309}}.</ref>