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=== International operations === While the People's Armed Police is principally charged with internal security and guarding key facilities and installations, it also operates as part of the international security efforts of the People's Republic of China, against both terrorism and organized crime. Mathieu Duchâtel for The National Bureau of Asian Research identifies the legal basis of the PAP missions abroad in Article 71 of the 2015 Counter-terrorism Law. According Armed Police Force University professor Zhou Jian, counterterrorism is a task provided by law for the People's Armed Police and operating missions abroad is an "irreplaceable means".<ref name="RollandChinaSecurityOverseas" />{{rp|14–15}} The People's Armed Police sent personnel abroad to receive training or provide training and participates in counter-terrorism exercises, especially across [[Central Asia]] in bilateral and multilateral agreements.<ref name="RollandChinaSecurityOverseas" />{{rp|65}} <ref name="Heath2018">{{cite book |last=Heath |first=Timothy R. |title=China's Pursuit of Overseas Security |date=2018 |publisher=RAND Corporation |location=Santa Monica, California |page=26 |url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR2200/RR2271/RAND_RR2271.pdf |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428173748/https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR2200/RR2271/RAND_RR2271.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|26}} <ref name="CarnegieMoscCent30Mar20China">{{cite web |last1=Umarov |first1=Temur |title=China Looms Large in Central Asia |url=https://carnegie.ru/commentary/81402 |website=Carnegie Moscow Center |access-date=28 April 2020 |language=en |date=30 March 2020 |archive-date=2 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502050050/https://carnegie.ru/commentary/81402 |url-status=live }}</ref> PAP special operations forces are also deployed in the Chinese embassies of Baghdad and Kabul for the purposes of protection of diplomatic staff and property.<ref name="RollandChinaSecurityOverseas" />{{rp|15}} Since 2011, the People's Armed Police has also conducted operations along the [[Mekong|Mekong river]] with the security forces of [[Thailand]], [[Myanmar]] and [[Cambodia]]. These operations are aimed against organized crime.<ref name="RollandChinaSecurityOverseas" />{{rp|13}} Since 2014, the People's Republic of China established a security cooperation with [[Tajikistan]] and [[Afghanistan]] on Afghan border, near the [[Wakhan Corridor]] and in [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region]]. The People's Armed Police is the main force for both bilateral and trilateral counterterrorism operations (mainly reconnaissance patrols in remote areas), being deployed south of Shaymak; the PAP has also conducted training for Tajik security forces.<ref name="RollandChinaSecurityOverseas">{{cite book |last1=Rolland |first1=Nadège |last2=van der Kley |first2=Dirk |last3=Rolland |first3=Nadège |last4=Duchâtel |first4=Mathieu |last5=Chase |first5=Michael S. |last6=Gunness |first6=Kristen |last7=Xue |first7=Guifang (Julia) |last8=Pantucci |first8=Raffaello |last9=Arduino |first9=Alessandro |title=securing the belt and road initiativeChina's Evolving Military Engagement Along the Silk Roads |date=September 2019 |publisher=The National Bureau of Asian Research |pages=13, 14–15, 65, 84–87 |url=https://www.nbr.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/publications/sr80_securing_the_belt_and_road_sep2019.pdf |access-date=28 April 2020 |language=en |archive-date=1 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701075517/https://www.nbr.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/publications/sr80_securing_the_belt_and_road_sep2019.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|13,84–87}} The Border Defense Corps has also been deployed in [[United Nations peacekeeping|UN Peacekeeping operations]]. Between 2006 and 2018, the Border Defense Corps was deployed in peacekeeping 10 times, with a total of 1325 officers being deployed for peacekeeping.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=2018-12-25 |title=再见,武警边防,你好,人民警察 |trans-title=Goodbye, PAP Border Defense, Hello, People's Police |url=https://m.thepaper.cn/kuaibao_detail.jsp?contid=2772317&from=kuaibao |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=[[The Paper (newspaper)|The Paper]]}}</ref> This includes [[MINUSTAH]], where out of eight Chinese peacekeeping deaths in the [[2010 Haiti Earthquake]] three were Border Defense Corps officers. The Border Defense Corps was also deployed in [[United Nations Mission in Liberia|UNMIL]], where on October 28, 2017, where the 5th PAP Deployment to Liberia (part of the Guangxi Border Defense Contingent) was awarded the "Liberia National Outstanding Contribution Award" by the [[Politics of Liberia|Liberian Government]].<ref name=":17" /><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Baoping |first1=Zhang |last2=Zunping |first2=Chen |date=2017-11-02 |editor-last=Shuang |editor-first=Ren |title=中国第五支驻利比里亚维和警察防暴队获"利比里亚国家杰出贡献奖" |trans-title=Chinese 5th Deployment to Liberia awarded Liberia National Outstanding Contribution Award |url=http://www.81.cn/lkkj/2017-11/02/content_7810008.htm |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=Chinese Military}}</ref>
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