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===Consonants=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Consonant phonemes of Pashto{{sfnp|Tegey|Robson|1996|p=15}} ! ! colspan="2" | [[Labial consonant|Labial]] ! colspan="2" | [[Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br />[[Alveolar consonant|alveolar]] ! colspan="2" | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br />alveolar]] ! colspan="2" | [[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]] ! colspan="2" | [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ! colspan="2" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! colspan="2" | [[Uvular consonant|Uvular]] ! colspan="2" | [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- ! [[Nasal stop|Nasal]] | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|m}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|n}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ɳ}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ŋ}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | |- ! [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]] | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|p}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|b}} | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|t̪|t}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|d̪|d}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ʈ}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ɖ}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|k}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ɡ}} | style="border-right: none;" | ({{IPA link|q}}) | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | |- ! [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]] | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|t͡s}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|d͡z}} | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | |- ! [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | style="border-right: none;" | ({{IPA link|f}}) | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|s}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|z}} | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ʃ}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ʒ}} | colspan=2 style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ʂ}} | colspan=2 style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ʐ}} | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|x}} | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ɣ}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|h}} | style="border-left: none;" | |- ! [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|l}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="border-right: none;" |{{IPA link|ɽ}}* | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|j}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|w}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | |- ! [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|r}} | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | | style="border-right: none;" | | style="border-left: none;" | |} <small>*The retroflex rhotic or lateral, tends to be a [[Voiced retroflex lateral flap|lateral flap]] [{{IPA link|𝼈}}</small>] <small>at the beginning of a syllable or other prosodic unit, and a regular [[Voiced retroflex flap|flap]] [{{IPA link|ɽ}}</small>] <small>or [[Voiced retroflex approximant|approximant]] [{{IPA link|ɻ}}] elsewhere.<ref name="pashto1">D.N. MacKenzie, 1990, "Pashto", in Bernard Comrie, ed, ''The major languages of South Asia, the Middle East and Africa'', p. 103</ref><ref name="pashto2">Herbert Penzl, 1965, ''A reader of Pashto'', p 7</ref></small>
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