Editing Pasadena, California (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Hahamongna Watershed Park, Altadena, Pasadena area, Los Angeles, California 06.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hahamongna, California|Hahamongna]] Watershed Park]]
The greater Pasadena area is bounded by the [[Raymond Fault]] line, the [[San Rafael Hills]], and the [[San Gabriel Mountains]]. The [[Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County)|Arroyo Seco]], a major geographic feature and home of the Rose Bowl, flows from headwaters in Pasadena's towering [[Angeles National Forest]] greenbelt in the [[San Gabriel Mountains]].<ref name="soc"/> According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|23.1|sqmi|km2}}, over 99% of it land; 0.68% is water.<ref name="U.S. Census">{{Cite US Gazetteer|2010|places|CA }}</ref>

===Climate===
{{climate chart
|Pasadena
|46|68|4.5
|46|69|5.2
|48|73|3.0
|51|76|1.1
|54|78|0.5
|58|84|0.2
|62|89|0.1
|63|91|0
|62|90|0.2
|56|83|0.8
|50|75|1.1
|45|67|3.3
|units = imperial
|float = right
|clear = both}}
Pasadena has a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Csa''), with typically hotter summers and slightly cooler winters than nearby coastal areas. Its location relative to the San Gabriel mountains allows the orographic lift to add several more inches of rainfall per year than nearby areas. During the first few months of the year, Pasadena experiences cool to warm highs, typically in the upper 60s ({{convert|60|-|65|F|C|disp=out}}) to lower 70s ({{convert|70|-|75|F|C|disp=out}}). Colder days are usually accompanied by heavier rain. By April, temperatures warm further, and rain tapers off significantly.

By May and June, rain is typically sparse, but the [[marine layer]] becomes more persistent. Locals have dubbed June "[[June Gloom]]" as it is the cloudiest month despite being the 3rd driest month. By July, the marine layer subsides as inland areas cool due to an increased [[monsoon]] flow. Heatwaves from July through October can be oppressive and lengthy. In addition, it rarely rains during the summer and fall months, and only does when the remnants of hurricanes and [[tropical storm]]s pass by. In fact, some days in both July and August have never recorded rainfall.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca6719 |title=PASADENA, CALIFORNIA – Period of Record Daily Climate Summary |publisher=Wrcc.dri.edu |access-date=April 14, 2018 |archive-date=May 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525173201/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca6719 |url-status=live }}</ref> It is not impossible to go 6 months without measurable precipitation.

The average highest temperature recorded each year is around {{convert|106|F|C}}. The hottest heatwaves of the year usually occur in mid to late September. By late October, temperatures drop off. By November, Pacific storms return to Pasadena, bringing increasingly heavy rain and cooler weather. Along with them, however, are the Santa Ana winds. The [[Santa Ana wind]]s can produce heat, high winds, power outages, tree damage and an increased wildfire threat whenever they strike. By December, lows typically drop into the 40s (below 10&nbsp;°C) with the occasional reading in the 30s (under 5&nbsp;°C and down to freezing). Highs remain around {{convert|68|F|C}} with heatwaves pushing temperatures into the mid-80s (around 30&nbsp;°C). A high temperature of at least {{convert|85|F|C}} has been recorded on all 365 days of the year, with temperatures over {{convert|100|F|C}} possible April through early November.
{{Weather box|location = Pasadena, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893&ndash;present
|width = auto
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 93
|Feb record high F = 92
|Mar record high F = 98
|Apr record high F = 105
|May record high F = 104
|Jun record high F = 113
|Jul record high F = 113
|Aug record high F = 109
|Sep record high F = 115
|Oct record high F = 108
|Nov record high F = 101
|Dec record high F = 93
|year record high F = 115
|Jan avg record high F = 81.7
|Feb avg record high F = 83.4
|Mar avg record high F = 86.9
|Apr avg record high F = 92.6
|May avg record high F = 92.8
|Jun avg record high F = 96.1
|Jul avg record high F = 99.3
|Aug avg record high F = 101.6
|Sep avg record high F = 103.4
|Oct avg record high F = 98.3
|Nov avg record high F = 89.6
|Dec avg record high F = 80.1
|year avg record high F = 105.7
|Jan high F = 68.1
|Feb high F = 69.3
|Mar high F = 72.6
|Apr high F = 76.2
|May high F = 78.3
|Jun high F = 83.7
|Jul high F = 89.1
|Aug high F = 91.3
|Sep high F = 89.9
|Oct high F = 83.0
|Nov high F = 74.7
|Dec high F = 67.2
|year high F = 
|Jan mean F = 56.8
|Feb mean F = 57.7
|Mar mean F = 60.5
|Apr mean F = 63.4
|May mean F = 66.1
|Jun mean F = 70.7
|Jul mean F = 75.6
|Aug mean F = 77.2
|Sep mean F = 75.8
|Oct mean F = 69.7
|Nov mean F = 62.1
|Dec mean F = 56.0
|year mean F = 
|Jan low F = 45.5
|Feb low F = 46.1
|Mar low F = 48.4
|Apr low F = 50.6
|May low F = 53.9
|Jun low F = 57.8
|Jul low F = 62.0
|Aug low F = 63.2
|Sep low F = 61.6
|Oct low F = 56.3
|Nov low F = 49.6
|Dec low F = 44.7
|year low F = 
|Jan avg record low F = 38.3
|Feb avg record low F = 39.2
|Mar avg record low F = 40.6
|Apr avg record low F = 43.6
|May avg record low F = 49.2
|Jun avg record low F = 53.0
|Jul avg record low F = 57.2
|Aug avg record low F = 58.6
|Sep avg record low F = 55.5
|Oct avg record low F = 50.2
|Nov avg record low F = 42.8
|Dec avg record low F = 37.8
|year avg record low F = 35.8
|Jan record low F = 21
|Feb record low F = 26
|Mar record low F = 29
|Apr record low F = 31
|May record low F = 32
|Jun record low F = 41
|Jul record low F = 45
|Aug record low F = 43
|Sep record low F = 41
|Oct record low F = 36
|Nov record low F = 26
|Dec record low F = 25
|year record low F = 21

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.51
|Feb precipitation inch = 5.16
|Mar precipitation inch = 3.03
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.11
|May precipitation inch = 0.48
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.21
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.06
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.03
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.22
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.84
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.10
|Dec precipitation inch = 3.33
|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 7.1
|Feb precipitation days = 7.9
|Mar precipitation days = 6.2
|Apr precipitation days = 3.4
|May precipitation days = 2.8
|Jun precipitation days = 1.6
|Jul precipitation days = 0.6
|Aug precipitation days = 0.4
|Sep precipitation days = 0.8
|Oct precipitation days = 2.6
|Nov precipitation days = 3.2
|Dec precipitation days = 6.1

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00046719&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Pasadena, CA |access-date=May 7, 2023 |archive-date=May 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507183614/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00046719&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL |url-status=live }}</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=lox |publisher=National Weather Service |title=NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Los Angeles |access-date=May 7, 2023 |archive-date=July 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704041819/https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=lox |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

Pasadena averages {{cvt|20.08|in|mm|1}} of rain a year, about {{cvt|6|inch|mm|-1}} more than nearby Los Angeles due to the [[orographic rainfall|orographic]] effect created by the [[San Gabriel Mountains]]. The wettest "rain year" was from July 1940 to June 1941 with {{cvt|46.32|in|mm|1}} and the driest from July 1960 to June 1961 with {{cvt|7.18|in|mm|1}}. Wet years are commonly associated with [[El Niño]] warm surface water in the eastern Pacific and dry years with [[La Niña]] cold water conditions. The most rainfall in one month was {{cvt|19.70|in|mm|1}} in February 1980. The most rainfall in 24 hours was {{cvt|7.70|in|mm|1}} on March 2, 1938.
[[File:La Loma Bridge from side (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|[[La Loma Bridge]], built in 1914, spans the [[Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County)|Arroyo Seco]].]]
Situated at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains, snow is known to fall occasionally in Pasadena. The heaviest snowfall in Pasadena history occurred on January 11, 1949; {{convert|8|in|cm|1}} fell at Pasadena's city hall and more than {{convert|14|in|cm|1}} fell in the foothills above the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca6719 |title=PASADENA, CALIFORNIA – Climate Summary |publisher=Wrcc.dri.edu |access-date=August 4, 2010 |archive-date=January 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111181458/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca6719 |url-status=live }}</ref> The most recent snowfall in Pasadena was {{convert|1|in|cm|1}} on February 21, 2019.

On November 30 and December 1, 2011, Pasadena, along with surrounding communities, was struck by a major windstorm caused by Santa Ana winds.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofpasadena.net/windstorm_2011/ |title=PasadenaWindStorm |access-date=December 15, 2013 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923204400/http://www.cityofpasadena.net/windstorm_2011/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The city suffered heavy damage with trees toppled, buildings damaged and even the roof of a gas station torn off.

The official NOAA weather station for the city is located just north-west of the townhall on the other side of Garfield Avenue.

===Surrounding areas===

<div style= width:7800px;">
:{{pad|11.6em}} [[Altadena, California|Altadena]]
:{{pad|1.2em}} [[La Cañada Flintridge, California|La Cañada Flintridge]] [[Image:Up arrow left.svg|20px]] [[Image:Up-1.svg|30px]] [[Image:Up arrow right.svg|20px]] [[Los Angeles County|unincorporated Los Angeles County]]
:{{pad|5.5em}} [[Glendale, California|Glendale]] [[Image:Left.svg|30px]] {{pad|2.5em}} [[Image:Right.svg|30px]] [[Sierra Madre, California|Sierra Madre]] / [[Arcadia, California|Arcadia]]
:{{pad|5em}} Los Angeles [[Image:Down arrow left.svg|20px]] [[Image:Down arrow.svg|30px]] [[Image:Down arrow right.svg|20px]] [[East Pasadena, California|East Pasadena]]
:{{pad|4em}} [[South Pasadena, California|South Pasadena]] / [[San Marino, California|San Marino]] / [[San Pasqual, Los Angeles County, California|San Pasqual]]
</div>
{{clear|left}}