Editing Parasitism (section)

==== Vector-transmitted ====

{{further|Disease vector}}

[[File:Trypanosoma sp. PHIL 613 lores.jpg|thumb|The [[vector (epidemiology)|vector-transmitted]] protozoan endoparasite ''[[Trypanosoma]]'' among human [[red blood cell]]s]]

[[Disease vector|Vector-transmitted]] parasites rely on a third party, an intermediate host, where the parasite does not reproduce sexually,<ref name=Para-Site/> to carry them from one definitive host to another.<ref name=PoulinRandhawa2015/> These parasites are microorganisms, namely [[protozoa]], [[bacteria]], or [[virus]]es, often intracellular [[pathogen]]s (disease-causers).<ref name=PoulinRandhawa2015/> Their vectors are mostly [[hematophagy|hematophagic]] arthropods such as fleas, lice, ticks, and mosquitoes.<ref name=PoulinRandhawa2015/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.peoi.org/Courses/Coursesen/phfoundation/contents/frame3a.html |title=Pathogenic Parasitic Infections |publisher=PEOI |access-date=18 July 2013}}</ref> For example, the deer tick ''[[Ixodes scapularis]]'' acts as a vector for diseases including [[Lyme disease]], [[babesiosis]], and [[Human granulocytic anaplasmosis|anaplasmosis]].<ref name=pmid11450660>{{cite journal |last=Steere |first=A. C. |title=Lyme disease |journal=[[New England Journal of Medicine]] |volume=345 |issue=2 |pages=115–125 |date=July 2001 |pmid=11450660 |doi=10.1056/NEJM200107123450207 }}</ref> Protozoan endoparasites, such as the [[malaria]]l parasites in the genus ''[[Plasmodium]]'' and sleeping-sickness parasites in the genus ''[[Trypanosoma]]'', have infective stages in the host's blood which are transported to new hosts by biting insects.<ref name="PollittMacGregor2011">{{cite journal |last1=Pollitt |first1=Laura C. |last2=MacGregor |first2=Paula |last3=Matthews |first3=Keith |last4=Reece |first4=Sarah E. |title=Malaria and trypanosome transmission: different parasites, same rules? |journal=Trends in Parasitology |volume=27 |issue=5 |year=2011 |pages=197–203 |doi=10.1016/j.pt.2011.01.004|pmid=21345732 |pmc=3087881 }}</ref>