Editing Ovulation (section)

==Ovulation suppression==
[[Combined hormonal contraceptive]]s inhibit [[follicular phase|follicular development]] and prevent ovulation as a primary mechanism of action.<ref name="Nelson 2011">{{cite book| last1 = Nelson| first1 = Anita L.| last2 = Cwiak| first2 = Carrie| editor1-last = Hatcher| editor1-first = Robert A.| editor2-last = Trussell| editor2-first = James| editor3-last = Nelson| editor3-first = Anita L.| editor4-last = Cates| editor4-first = Willard | editor5-last = Kowal| editor5-first = Deborah| editor6-last = Policar| editor6-first = Michael S. | name-list-style = vanc | title = Contraceptive technology| edition = 20th revised| year = 2011| publisher = Ardent Media| location = New York| isbn = 978-1-59708-004-0| oclc = 781956734| pages = 249–341| chapter = Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)| issn = 0091-9721 }} pp. 257–258</ref> The ''ovulation-inhibiting dose'' (OID) of an [[estrogen (medication)|estrogen]] or [[progestogen]] refers to the dose required to consistently inhibit ovulation in women.<ref name="pmid22078182">{{cite journal | vauthors = Endrikat J, Gerlinger C, Richard S, Rosenbaum P, Düsterberg B | title = Ovulation inhibition doses of progestins: a systematic review of the available literature and of marketed preparations worldwide | journal = Contraception | volume = 84 | issue = 6 | pages = 549–57 | date = December 2011 | pmid = 22078182 | doi = 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.04.009 }}</ref> Ovulation inhibition is an [[antigonadotropic]] effect and is mediated by inhibition of the secretion of the [[gonadotropin]]s, LH and FSH, from the pituitary gland.

In [[assisted reproductive technology]] including [[in vitro fertilization]], cycles where a [[transvaginal oocyte retrieval]] is planned generally necessitates ovulation suppression, because it is not practically feasible to collect oocytes after ovulation. For this purpose, ovulation can be suppressed by either a [[GnRH agonist]] or a [[GnRH antagonist]], with different protocols depending on which substance is used. {{further|Suppression of spontaneous ovulation in ovarian hyperstimulation}}