Editing Ovary (section)

==Clinical significance==
[[File:Polycystic Ovaries.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Polycystic ovaries typically found in [[Polycystic ovary syndrome|polycystic ovarian syndrome]] ]]
[[Ovarian disease]]s can be classified as [[endocrine disorder]]s or as a disorders of the [[reproductive system]].{{Medical citation needed|date=November 2017}}

If the egg fails to release from the follicle in the ovary an [[ovarian cyst]] may form. Small ovarian cysts are common in healthy women. Some women have more follicles than usual ([[polycystic ovary syndrome]]), which inhibits the follicles to grow normally and this will cause cycle irregularities.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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!Notes
!{{Abbr|Ref(s)|References}}
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|[[Ovarian tumor]]s
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|[[Germ cell tumor]]
|Seen most often in young women or adolescent girls. Other germ cell tumors are: [[Endodermal sinus tumor]] and [[teratoma]],
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/hp/ovarian-germ-cell-treatment-pdq|title=Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors Treatment|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|access-date=2017-12-01|date=1980-01-01}}</ref>
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|[[Ovarian cancer]]
|includes [[ovarian epithelial cancer]]
|<ref name=harrisons9th>{{cite web | publisher = MGraw-Hill Medical | title = Gynecologic Malignancies, Chapter 117 | access-date = June 24, 2017 | first = Michael | last = Seiden | date = 2015 | url = https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1130&sectionid=79730544 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170910175639/https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1130&sectionid=79730544 | archive-date = September 10, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Defining Cancer|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=10 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625220940/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|archive-date=25 June 2014|date=2007-09-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?CdrID=445074|title=NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|access-date=2017-12-01|date=2011-02-02}}</ref>
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|[[Luteoma]]
|Seen in [[pregnancy]]
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|[[Ovaritis]]
|Synonym of oophoritis
|{{sfn|Venes| 2013 | p = 1702}}
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|[[Ovarian remnant syndrome]]
| Incomplete removal of tissue during [[oophorectomy]]
|{{sfn|Venes| 2013 | p = 1702}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7297/ovarian-remnant-syndrome|title=Ovarian remnant syndrome {{!}} Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|website=rarediseases.info.nih.gov|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Endometriosis]] 
|Often seen in a variety of reproductive regions including the ovaries. 
|<ref name="Kori 266–282">{{Cite journal|last1=Kori|first1=Medi|last2=Gov|first2=Esra|last3=Arga|first3=Kazim Yalcin|date=2016-07-03|title=Molecular signatures of ovarian diseases: Insights from network medicine perspective|journal=Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine|volume=62|issue=4|pages=266–282|doi=10.1080/19396368.2016.1197982|issn=1939-6368|pmid=27341345|doi-access=free|hdl=11424/218245|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
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|[[Hypogonadism]]
|It exists in two forms, central and primary. Central hypogonadism is a condition that is a result of improper function from the [[hypothalamus]] and [[pituitary gland]].    
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|[[Hyperthecosis]]
|[[Theca cells]] are present within ovarian stroma 
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://applications.emro.who.int/imemrf/Kuwait_Med_J/Kuwait_Med_J_2015_47_2_158_160.pdf|title=Postmenopausal Ovarian Hyperthecosis|last=Sundus AlDuaiJ1 , Suha Abdulsalam2 , Khulood Al Asfore2}}</ref>
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|[[Ovarian torsion]]
|Occurs in rare cases. Can occur in all ages 
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Ci|last2=Hong|first2=Mun-Kun|last3=Ding|first3=Dah-Ching|date=2017|title=A review of ovary torsion|journal=Tzu-Chi Medical Journal|volume=29|issue=3|pages=143–147|doi=10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_55_17|issn=1016-3190|pmc=5615993|pmid=28974907 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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|[[Ovarian apoplexy]] (rupture)
|Most often results from [[ovarian cyst]]s. In rare instances this condition can cause [[Bleeding|hemorrhaging]] and death.   
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ejog.org/article/0028-2243(73)90003-8/pdf|title=Ovarian apoplexy, ovarian and the IUCD|last=J.S. CAMPBELL, F.J. CONKLIN, V.Y.H. CHANG, K.C. SINGH and G.D. HURTEAU}}</ref>
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|[[Premature ovarian failure]]
|This disorder is linked to genetic, environmental and autoimmune conditions  
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ebrahimi|first1=Mahbod|last2=Akbari Asbagh|first2=Firoozeh|date=2011|title=Pathogenesis and Causes of Premature Ovarian Failure: An Update|journal=International Journal of Fertility & Sterility|volume=5|issue=2|pages=54–65|issn=2008-076X|pmc=4059950|pmid=24963360}}</ref>
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|[[Polycystic ovary syndrome|Polycystic ovarian syndrome]] 
|Affects women of reproductive age 
|<ref name="Kori 266–282"/>
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|[[Anovulation]]
|Caused by a variety of conditions  
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hamilton-Fairley|first1=Diana|last2=Taylor|first2=Alison|date=2003-09-06|title=Anovulation|journal=BMJ: British Medical Journal|volume=327|issue=7414|pages=546–549|issn=0959-8138|pmid=12958117|pmc=192851|doi=10.1136/bmj.327.7414.546}}</ref>
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|[[Follicular cyst of ovary]]
|Can occur after [[menopause]], or during childbearing years  
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Ovarian-Cysts?IsMobileSet=false|title=Ovarian Cysts - ACOG|website=www.acog.org|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Theca lutein cyst]]
|Normally occurs [[Postpartum period|postpartum]] 
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Upadhyaya|first1=Geetika|last2=Goswami|first2=Anu|last3=Babu|first3=Suresh|date=2004|title=Bilateral theca lutein cysts: A rare cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy|journal=Emergency Medicine|language=en|volume=16|issue=5–6|pages=476–477|doi=10.1111/j.1742-6723.2004.00654.x|pmid=15537414|issn=1442-2026}}</ref>
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|[[Chocolate cyst]]
|Presence of this type of cyst is an indicator of [[endometriosis]] 
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(99)00367-2/pdf|title=Chocolate cysts from ovarian follicles|last=Smita Jain, M.B., M.S.* and Maureen E. Dalton}}</ref>
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|[[Ovarian germ cell tumors]]
|[[Benign]]
|<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/ovarian-cancer/treating/germ-cell-tumors.html | title=Treatment for Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary}}</ref>
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|[[Dysgerminoma]]
|Typically occurs in young women between the ages of 10–30 years of age 
|<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Dysgerminoma|journal = Postgraduate Medical Journal|volume = 43|issue = 500|pages = 400–405|last=S. A. SELIGMAN|pmc = 2466249|year = 1967|pmid = 6043689|doi = 10.1136/pgmj.43.500.400}}</ref>
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|[[Choriocarcinoma]]
|Can occur without [[Gynaecology|gynecological]] symptoms  
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Magrath|first1=I. T.|last2=Golding|first2=P. R.|last3=Bagshawe|first3=K. D.|date=1971-06-12|title=Medical Presentations of Choriocarcinoma|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=2|issue=5762|pages=633–637|issn=0007-1447|pmc=1796509|pmid=5314264|doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5762.633}}</ref>
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|[[Yolk sac tumor]]
|[[Malignancy|Malignant]]. Occurs in young children 
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/ovarytumoryolksac.html|title=Yolk sac tumor|website=www.pathologyoutlines.com|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Teratoma]]
|Very rare. Often occurs in newborns 
|{{medical citation needed|date=July 2023}}
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|[[Ovarian serous cystadenoma]]
|[[Benign]] lesions  
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-serous-cystadenoma?lang=us|title=Ovarian serous cystadenoma {{!}} Radiology Reference Article {{!}} Radiopaedia.org|last=Weerakkody|first=Yuranga|website=Radiopaedia|date=29 July 2011 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Serous cystadenocarcinoma]]
|[[Malignancy|Malignant]]. Low survival rates  
|<ref name="Vang 267–282">{{Cite journal|last1=Vang|first1=Russell|last2=Shih|first2=Ie-Ming|last3=Kurman|first3=Robert J.|date=September 2009|title=OVARIAN LOW-GRADE AND HIGH-GRADE SEROUS CARCINOMA: Pathogenesis, Clinicopathologic and Molecular Biologic Features, and Diagnostic Problems|journal=Advances in Anatomic Pathology|volume=16|issue=5|pages=267–282|doi=10.1097/PAP.0b013e3181b4fffa|issn=1072-4109|pmc=2745605|pmid=19700937}}</ref>
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|[[Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma]]
|Rare and [[Malignancy|malignant]] 
|<ref name="Vang 267–282"/>
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|[[Brenner tumour|Brenner tumor]]
|This benign tumor is often found in post-menopausal women  
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9397/brenner-tumor-of-ovary/cases/23915|title=Brenner tumor of ovary {{!}} Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|website=rarediseases.info.nih.gov|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Granulosa cell tumour|Granulosa cell tumor]]
|Rare. Increases [[estrogen]] levels. 
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8642/granulosa-cell-tumor-of-the-ovary#:~:targetText=Granulosa%20cell%20tumor%20of%20the%20ovary%20is%20a%20rare%20type,estrogen%20in%20a%20woman%27s%20body.|title=Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary {{!}} Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|website=rarediseases.info.nih.gov|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
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|[[Krukenberg tumor]]
|[[Metastasis|Metastatic]] with origins from the [[stomach]]  
|<ref>{{Citation|last1=Aziz|first1=Muhammad|title=Cancer, Krukenberg Tumor|date=2019|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482284/|work=StatPearls|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|pmid=29489206|access-date=2019-12-11|last2=Kasi|first2=Anup}}</ref>
|}
[[File:Ovarian torsion.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Ovarian torsion]]. Present in rats.]]