Editing Ostracism (section)

=== Computer networks ===
Ostracism in the context of [[computer network]]s (such as the [[Internet]]) is termed "cyberostracism". In [[email]] communication, in particular, it is relatively easy to engage in silent treatment, in the form of "unanswered emails"<ref>Douglas, K. 2008. 'Antisocial Communication on Electronic Mail and the Internet'. In: A. Konjin, M. Tanis, S. Utz, and S Barnes (eds.) ''Mediated Interpersonal Communication''. (200–214). New York: Routledge. p. 203.</ref> or "ignored emails".<ref>Wesselmann, E. and Williams, K. 2013. 'Ostracism and Stages of Coping'. In: C. Dewall (ed.) ''Oxford Handbook of Social Exclusion''. (20–30). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 21.</ref> Being ostracised on [[social media]] is seen to be threatening to the fundamental human needs of [[Belonging needs|belonging]], [[self-esteem]], [[Locus of control|control]] and [[Meaning of life|meaningful]] existence.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1 August 2017|title=Social media ostracism: The effects of being excluded online|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0747563217302091|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|language=en|volume=73|pages=385–393|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.052|issn=0747-5632|last1=Schneider|first1=Frank M.|last2=Zwillich|first2=Britta|last3=Bindl|first3=Melanie J.|last4=Hopp|first4=Frederic R.|last5=Reich|first5=Sabine|last6=Vorderer|first6=Peter}}</ref> Cyber-[[Social rejection|rejection]] (receiving "dislikes") caused more threat to the need of belonging and self-esteem, and lead to [[social withdrawal]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Lutz|first1=Sarah|last2=Schneider|first2=Frank M.|date=11 August 2020|title=Is receiving Dislikes in social media still better than being ignored? The effects of ostracism and rejection on need threat and coping responses online|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2020.1799409|journal=Media Psychology|volume=24|issue=6|pages=741–765|doi=10.1080/15213269.2020.1799409|s2cid=225424569|issn=1521-3269}}</ref> Cyber-ostracism (being ignored or receiving fewer "likes")<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1 April 2020|title=Being liked or not being liked: A study on social-media exclusion in a preadolescent population|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140197120300373|journal=Journal of Adolescence|language=en|volume=80|pages=173–181|doi=10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.02.010|issn=0140-1971|last1=Timeo|first1=Susanna|last2=Riva|first2=Paolo|last3=Paladino|first3=Maria Paola|pmid=32151853|s2cid=212650441}}</ref> conversely lead to more [[prosocial behavior]].<ref name=":1" /> Ostracism is thought to be associated with [[Problematic social media use|social media disorder]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ergun|first1=Gul|last2=Alkan|first2=Ali|date=June 2020|title=The Social Media Disorder and Ostracism in Adolescents: (OSTRACA- SM Study)|journal=The Eurasian Journal of Medicine|volume=52|issue=2|pages=139–144|doi=10.5152/eurasianjmed.2020.19076|issn=1308-8734|pmc=7311140|pmid=32612421}}</ref>