Editing Oran (section)

===Beylikal period (1708–1732, 1792–1831)===
{{Main|Beylik of Oran|Siege of Oran (1707–1708)}}
[[File:Minaret de la perle.jpg|left|thumb|The Bey Othmane El Kebir Mosque (Minaret de la perle)]]
The Spanish occupied the city until 1708, when the [[Western Beylik|Bey of Mascara]], [[Mustapha Ben Youssef]] (''Bouchelaghem''), vassal of the [[Deylik of Algiers]], and who was an [[Arabized Berber]] from the Mascara region<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-10|title=Le sépulcre du Bey Bouchelaghem (16?? - 1734): PATRIMOINE EN PÉRIL.|url=https://algerienetwork.com/blog/le-sepulcre-du-bey-bouchelaghem-16-1734-patrimoine-en-peril/|access-date=2021-03-14|website=Algerie network Blog|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2021-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210409143232/https://algerienetwork.com/blog/le-sepulcre-du-bey-bouchelaghem-16-1734-patrimoine-en-peril/|url-status=live}}</ref> took advantage of the [[War of Spanish Succession]] to [[Recapture of Oran (1708)|drive the Spanish out]].<ref name="Terki Hassaine 197–222">{{Cite journal|last=Terki Hassaine|first=Ismet|date=2004-06-30|title=Oran au xviiie siècle: du désarroi à la clairvoyance politique de l'Espagne|url=http://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/5625|journal=Insaniyat / إنسانيات. Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales|language=fr|issue=23–24|pages=197–222|doi=10.4000/insaniyat.5625|issn=1111-2050|doi-access=free|access-date=2021-03-14|archive-date=2021-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517042741/https://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/5625|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Epalza|first1=Miguel de|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ocL9o0VrNyAC&q=Oran+1708+Bouchlaghem|title=Planos y mapas hispánicos de Argelia: siglos XVI-XVII|last2=Vilar|first2=Juan Bautista|date=1988|publisher=Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura|isbn=978-84-7472-081-5|language=fr|access-date=4 May 2021|archive-date=25 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725012935/https://books.google.com/books?id=ocL9o0VrNyAC&q=Oran+1708+Bouchlaghem|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1732, Spanish forces returned under [[José Carrillo de Albornoz, 1st Duke of Montemar|José Carrillo de Albornoz]], [[Spanish conquest of Oran (1732)|capturing the city from Bouchelaghem]]. Spain maintained its hold over Oran for the next six decades.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chitour|first=Chems-Eddine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7TxyAAAAMAAJ&q=Oran+1732+Bouchlaghem|title=Algérie: le passé revisité|date=1998|publisher=Casbah Editions|isbn=978-9961-64-100-2|language=fr|access-date=4 May 2021|archive-date=25 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725012937/https://books.google.com/books?id=7TxyAAAAMAAJ&q=Oran+1732+Bouchlaghem|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the night after 8 October 1790, [[1790 Oran earthquake|a violent earthquake]] claimed more than 3,000 victims in less than seven minutes. [[Charles IV of Spain|Charles IV]] saw no advantage in continuing the occupation of the city, which had become increasingly expensive and perilous. He initiated discussions with the [[Dey of Algiers]].

==== Siege of Oran and Mers el-Kébir (1790–1792) ====
{{Related articles|Siege of Oran (1790–1792)}}
After another earthquake damaged the Spanish defences, the forces of the new Bey of Oran, [[Mohammed el Kebir]] besieged the city. By the end of 1790, there was a clear Algerian advantage.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notice sur le Bey d'Oran, Mohammed el Kebir Revue africaine{{!}} Bulletin de la Société historique algérienne|url=http://revueafricaine.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/n/Pages/1858_009_004.aspx|access-date=2021-03-14|website=revueafricaine.mmsh.univ-aix.fr|archive-date=2019-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909091937/http://revueafricaine.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/n/Pages/1858_009_004.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> The Spanish, not wanting to risk their troops, signed an agreement with the Algerians on 12 September in Algiers, and on 12 December in [[Madrid]], which recognized Algerian control over the city.<ref name="Terki Hassaine 197–222"/> By February all Spanish troops evacuated. The capital was moved there the same year. In 1792, the Bey settled a Jewish community there. In 1796, the [[Hassan Pasha Mosque|Pasha Mosque]] (in honour of [[Hasan Pasha (son of Barbarossa)|Hassan Pasha]], [[Beylerbey]] of [[Ottoman Algeria|Algiers]]) was built by the Bey with ransom money paid for the release of Spanish prisoners after Spain's final departure.