Editing Nuclear pore complex (section)

===Disassembly===
During mitosis the NPC appears to disassemble in stages, except in lower eukaryotes like yeast, where NPC disassembly does not happen during mitosis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hampoelz |first1=Bernhard |last2=Andres-Pons |first2=Amparo |last3=Kastritis |first3=Panagiotis |last4=Beck |first4=Martin |title=Structure and Assembly of the Nuclear Pore Complex |journal=Annual Review of Biophysics |date=6 May 2019 |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=515–536 |doi=10.1146/annurev-biophys-052118-115308 |pmid=30943044 }}</ref> Peripheral [[nucleoporin]]s, such as the Nup153 Nup98 and Nup214, disassociate from the NPC. The rest, which can be considered a [[scaffold protein]]s remain stable, as cylindrical ring complexes within the nuclear envelope. This disassembly of the NPC peripheral groups is largely thought to be phosphate driven, as several of these nucleoporins are phosphorylated during the stages of mitosis. However, the enzyme involved in the phosphorylation is unknown in vivo. In metazoans (which undergo open mitosis) the NE degrades quickly after the loss of the peripheral Nups. The reason for this may be due to the change in the NPC's architecture. This change may make the NPC more permeable to enzymes involved in the degradation of the NE such as cytoplasmic tubulin, as well as allowing the entry of key mitotic regulator proteins. In organisms that undergo a semi-open mitosis such as the filamentous fungus ''[[Aspergillus nidulans]]'', 14 out of the 30 nucleoporins disassemble from the core scaffold structure, driven by the activation of the NIMA and Cdk1 kinases that phosphorylate nucleoporins and open nuclear pores<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Markossian S, Suresh S, Osmani AH, Osmani SA | title = Nup2 requires a highly divergent partner, NupA, to fulfill functions at nuclear pore complexes and the mitotic chromatin region | journal = Molecular Biology of the Cell | volume = 26 | issue = 4 | pages = 605–621 | date = February 2015 | pmid = 25540430 | pmc = 4325833 | doi = 10.1091/mbc.E14-09-1359 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Souza CP, Osmani AH, Hashmi SB, Osmani SA | title = Partial nuclear pore complex disassembly during closed mitosis in Aspergillus nidulans | journal = Current Biology | volume = 14 | issue = 22 | pages = 1973–1984 | date = November 2004 | pmid = 15556859 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2004.10.050 | s2cid = 14782686 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2004CBio...14.1973D }}</ref> thereby widening the nuclear pore and allowing the entry of mitotic regulators.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Souza CP, Osmani SA | title = Mitosis, not just open or closed | journal = Eukaryotic Cell | volume = 6 | issue = 9 | pages = 1521–1527 | date = September 2007 | pmid = 17660363 | pmc = 2043359 | doi = 10.1128/EC.00178-07 }}</ref>