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=== Treatment complications === If participants receive stem-cell transplants, they can develop a [[graft-versus-host disease]]. When compared with placebo for treating immune mediated inflammation post transplantation and in autoimmunity, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may reduce the all-cause mortality if they are used for a therapeutic reason.<ref name=":0" /> Moreover, the therapeutic use of MSCs may increase the complete response of acute and chronic GvHD, but the evidence is very uncertain.<ref name=":0" /> The evidence suggests that MSCs for prophylactic reason result in little to no difference in the all-cause mortality, in the relapse of malignant diseases, and in the incidence of acute GvHD.<ref name=":0" /> The evidence suggests that MSCs for prophylactic reason reduce the incidence of chronic GvHD.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fisher SA, Cutler A, Doree C, Brunskill SJ, Stanworth SJ, Navarrete C, Girdlestone J | title = Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment or prophylaxis for acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with a haematological condition | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 1 | pages = CD009768 | date = January 2019 | issue = 1 | pmid = 30697701 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD009768.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Haematological Malignancies Group | pmc = 6353308 }}</ref> [[Platelet transfusion]]s may be necessary for those who receive chemotherapy or undergo a stem cell transplantation due to the higher risk for bleeding. When comparing therapeutic/non-prophylactic platelet transfusions to prophylactic platelet transfusions there is little to no difference in the mortality secondary to bleeding and they may result in a slight reduction in the number of days on which a significant bleeding event occurred.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|vauthors=Estcourt L, Stanworth S, Doree C, Hopewell S, Murphy MF, Tinmouth A, Heddle N|date=May 2012|title=Prophylactic platelet transfusion for prevention of bleeding in patients with haematological disorders after chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=5|pages=CD004269|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004269.pub3|pmid=22592695|collaboration=Cochrane Haematological Malignancies Group}}</ref> The evidence suggests that therapeutic platelet transfusions result in a large increase in the number of people with at least one significant bleeding event and they likely result in a large reduction in the number of platelet transfusions.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Estcourt LJ, Stanworth SJ, Doree C, Hopewell S, Trivella M, Murphy MF | title = Comparison of different platelet count thresholds to guide administration of prophylactic platelet transfusion for preventing bleeding in people with haematological disorders after myelosuppressive chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 11 | pages = CD010983 | date = November 2015 | volume = 2015 | pmid = 26576687 | pmc = 4717525 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD010983.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Haematological Malignancies Group }}</ref>
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