Editing Nicotine (section)

===Sleep===
Nicotine reduces the amount of [[Rapid eye movement sleep|rapid eye movement]] (REM) sleep, [[slow-wave sleep]] (SWS), and total sleep time in healthy nonsmokers given nicotine via a [[transdermal patch]], and the reduction is [[Dose–response relationship|dose-dependent]].<ref name=GarciaSalloum2015/> Acute nicotine intoxication has been found to significantly reduce total sleep time and increase REM latency, [[sleep onset latency]], and [[NREM#Stages of NREM sleep|non-rapid eye movement]] (NREM) stage 2 sleep time.<ref name=GarciaSalloum2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Garcia AN, Salloum IM | title = Polysomnographic sleep disturbances in nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, cocaine, opioid, and cannabis use: A focused review | journal = The American Journal on Addictions | volume = 24 | issue = 7 | pages = 590–598 | date = October 2015 | pmid = 26346395 | doi = 10.1111/ajad.12291 | s2cid = 22703103 }}</ref><ref name="Neuropharmacology review">{{cite journal | vauthors = Boutrel B, Koob GF | title = What keeps us awake: the neuropharmacology of stimulants and wakefulness-promoting medications | journal = Sleep | volume = 27 | issue = 6 | pages = 1181–1194 | date = September 2004 | pmid = 15532213 | doi = 10.1093/sleep/27.6.1181 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Depressive non-smokers experience mood and sleep improvements under nicotine administration; however, subsequent nicotine withdrawal has a negative effect on both mood and sleep.<ref name=Jaehne2009>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jaehne A, Loessl B, Bárkai Z, Riemann D, Hornyak M | title = Effects of nicotine on sleep during consumption, withdrawal and replacement therapy | journal = Sleep Medicine Reviews | volume = 13 | issue = 5 | pages = 363–377 | date = October 2009 | pmid = 19345124 | doi = 10.1016/j.smrv.2008.12.003 | type = Review }}</ref>