Editing New Brunswick, New Jersey (section)

===Hungarian community===
[[File:MEEB.jpg|thumb|The Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick commemorating the anniversary of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]]]

New Brunswick has been described as the nation's "most Hungarian city", with Hungarian immigrants arriving in the city as early as 1888 and accounting for almost 20% of the city's population in 1915.<ref>[http://oldnewbrunswick.rutgers.edu/NBwalk_Holcomb.html "New Brunswick Walk, 2003"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191125191127/http://oldnewbrunswick.rutgers.edu/NBwalk_Holcomb.html |date=November 25, 2019 }}, [[Rutgers University]]. Accessed December 12, 2019. "New Brunswick has been called 'the most Hungarian city in the US' because proportionately it once had more Hungarians than any other city. In 1915, out of a total population of 30,013, there were 5,572 Hungarians. The first immigrants came in 1888 and there followed, in the early twentieth century, many skilled workers who found employment in the former cigar factory on Somerset Street and at J and J."</ref> Hungarians were primarily attracted to the city by employment at Johnson & Johnson factories located in the city.<ref>Gurowitz, Margaret. [https://www.kilmerhouse.com/2008/06/hungarian-university "Hungarian University"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213213207/https://www.kilmerhouse.com/2008/06/hungarian-university |date=December 13, 2019 }}, Kilmer House, June 19, 2008. Accessed December 12, 2019. "Large numbers of Hungarians settled in New Jersey and especially in New Brunswick, which had lots of industry to provide employment. Besides Johnson & Johnson, there was a cigar box manufacturer (which explains why many of our early medicated plasters were in cigar-box packaging…we bought the boxes from the neighboring factory), a button factory, a wallpaper factory, and more."</ref> Hungarians settled mainly in what today is the [[Fifth Ward, New Brunswick|Fifth Ward]] and businesses were established to serve the needs of the Hungarian community that weren't being met by mainstream businesses.<ref>[https://hungarianfreepress.com/2018/11/10/magyar-bank-new-brunswick-new-jersey/ "Magyar Bank – New Brunswick, New Jersey"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213213520/http://hungarianfreepress.com/2018/11/10/magyar-bank-new-brunswick-new-jersey/ |date=December 13, 2019 }}, Hungarian Free Press, November 10, 2018. Accessed December 12, 2019. "Magyar Bank has an interesting history. Originally it was founded in 1922 as the Magyar Building and Loan Association by local Hungarian immigrants. Most of these Hungarian Americans settled in the city's Fifth Ward and the bank provided loans for their families."</ref> The immigrant population grew until the end of the immigration boom in the early 20th century.

During the [[Cold War]], the community was revitalized by the decision to process the tens of thousands refugees who came to the United States from the failed [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]] at [[Camp Kilmer]], in nearby [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]].<ref>Coriden, Guy E. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080109193906/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol2no1/html/v02i1a07p_0001.htm "Report on Hungarian Refugees"], [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. Accessed December 12, 2019. "As of 1 September 1957, approximately 35,000 of these refugees had accepted asylum in the US. In early November 1956, when it became apparent that a massive influx of Hungarians was going to have to be resettled, it was decided that Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, would be the processing center for all of the refugees.... From the arrival of the first refugees on 21 November 1956 until early May 1957, when Camp Kilmer was closed, transportation was provided by 214 MATS flights, 5 military Sea Transport Service (MSTS) ocean voyages, and 133 flights chartered by the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM)."</ref> Even though the Hungarian population has been largely supplanted by newer immigrants, there continues to be a [[Hungarian Festival]] in the city held on Somerset Street on the first Saturday of June each year; the 44th annual event was held in 2019.<ref>[https://nj1015.com/40-of-the-best-things-to-do-this-weekend-in-nj-may-31-jun-2/ "40 of the best things to do this weekend in NJ — May 31 – Jun 2"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213213144/https://nj1015.com/40-of-the-best-things-to-do-this-weekend-in-nj-may-31-jun-2/ |date=December 13, 2019 }}, [[NJ 101.5]], May 30, 2019. Accessed December 12, 2019. "44th Annual Hungarian Festival The Hungarian Festival comes to New Brunswick for the 44th year in a row! Experience all things Hungarian as Somerset Street is transformed – enjoy fine Hungarian foods, great Hungarian dances and music."</ref> Many Hungarian institutions set up by the community remain and are active in the neighborhood, including: Magyar Reformed Church, Ascension Lutheran Church, St. Ladislaus Roman Catholic Church, St. Joseph Byzantine Catholic Church, Hungarian American Athletic Club, Aprokfalva Montessori Preschool, Széchenyi Hungarian Community School & Kindergarten, Teleki Pál Scout Home, Hungarian American Foundation, Vers Hangja, Hungarian Poetry Group, Bolyai Lecture Series on Arts and Sciences, Hungarian Alumni Association, Hungarian Radio Program, Hungarian Civic Association, Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick, and Csűrdöngölő Folk Dance Ensemble.

Several landmarks in the city also testify to its Hungarian heritage. There is a street and a park named after [[Lajos Kossuth]], one of the leaders of the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]. The corner of Somerset Street and Plum Street is named Mindszenty Square where the first ever statue of Cardinal [[József Mindszenty]] was erected.<ref name=NYT1992>Zinsmeister, James A. [https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/28/nyregion/new-brunswick-journal-where-hungarian-pride-lives-on.html "New Brunswick Journal; Where Hungarian Pride Lives On"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213213153/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/28/nyregion/new-brunswick-journal-where-hungarian-pride-lives-on.html |date=December 13, 2019 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', June 28, 1992. Accessed December 12, 2019. "On one corner, a statue of Josef Cardinal Mindszenty, the late, beloved primate of Hungary, rises amid flowers before a large blue spruce. Across the way, a small granite monument bears a newly burnished bronze plaque that commemorates the Hungarian revolution.... While it is difficult to determine precisely how many Hungarian-Americans live in New Brunswick, Dr. August Molnar, director of the Hungarian Heritage Center, estimates that 3,200 do. That represents about 8 percent of the city's population, down from nearly 10 percent in 1980."</ref> A stone memorial to the victims of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution stands nearby.<ref>[http://www.americanhungarianfederation.org/docs/HungarianMarkers.pdf Hungarian Memorials and Markers in the USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929035511/http://www.americanhungarianfederation.org/docs/HungarianMarkers.pdf |date=September 29, 2020 }}, The American Hungarian Federation. Accessed December 12, 2019. "New Brunswick, NJ – Mindszenty statue and square"</ref>