Editing Mount Tambora (section)

==== Aftermath ====
The island's entire vegetation was destroyed as uprooted trees, mixed with pumice ash, washed into the sea and formed rafts of up to {{convert|5|km|mi}} across.<ref name="Stothers1984"/> One [[pumice raft]] was found in the [[Indian Ocean]], near [[Calcutta]], on 1 and 3 October 1815.<ref name="Oppenheimer2003"/> Clouds of thick ash still covered the summit on 23 April. Explosions ceased on 15 July, although smoke emissions were still observed as late as 23 August. Flames and rumbling aftershocks were reported in August 1819, four years after the event.

{{Quote box|width=30em|align=right|quote=On my trip towards the western part of the island, I passed through nearly the whole of [[Dompu|Dompo]] and a considerable part of Bima. The extreme misery to which the inhabitants have been reduced is shocking to behold. There were still on the road side the remains of several corpses, and the marks of where many others had been interred: the villages almost entirely deserted and the houses fallen down, the surviving inhabitants having dispersed in search of food.<br />...<br />Since the eruption, a violent diarrhoea has prevailed in Bima, Dompo, and Sang’ir, which has carried off a great number of people. It is supposed by the natives to have been caused by drinking water which has been impregnated with ashes; and horses have also died, in great numbers, from a similar complaint.|salign=right |source=—Lt. Philips, ordered by Sir [[Stamford Raffles]] to go to [[Sumbawa]]<ref name="Raffles1830"/>}}

A moderate [[tsunami]] struck the shores of various islands in the Indonesian archipelago on 10 April, with waves reaching {{convert|4|m|ft}} in Sanggar at around 10&nbsp;p.m. A tsunami causing waves of {{convert|1|to|2|m|ft}} was reported in Besuki, [[East Java]] before midnight and another exceeded {{convert|2|m|ft}} in the [[Molucca|Molucca Islands]].<ref name="Stothers1984"/> The [[eruption column]] reached the [[stratosphere]] at an altitude of more than {{convert|43|km|ft}}.<ref name="Oppenheimer2003"/> Coarser ash particles fell one to two weeks after the eruptions, while finer particles stayed in the atmosphere for months to years at an altitude of {{convert|10|to|30|km|ft}}.<ref name="Stothers1984"/> There are various estimates of the volume of ash emitted: a recent study estimates a [[dense-rock equivalent]] volume for the ash of {{convert|23|±|3|km3}} and a dense-rock equivalent volume of {{convert|18|±|6|km3}} for the pyroclastic flows.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kandlbauer |first1=J. |last2=Sparks |first2=R.S.J. |title=New estimates of the 1815 Tambora eruption volume |journal=Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |date=October 2014 |volume=286 |pages=93–100 |doi=10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.08.020 |bibcode=2014JVGR..286...93K}}</ref> Longitudinal winds spread these fine particles around the globe, creating optical phenomena. Between 28 June and 2 July, and between 3 September and 7 October 1815, prolonged and brilliantly coloured sunsets and twilights were frequently seen in London. Most commonly, pink or purple colours appeared above the horizon at twilight and orange or red near the horizon.<ref name="Stothers1984"/>