Editing Motion JPEG (section)

=== Digital cameras ===

Prior to the rise in [[MPEG-4]] encoding in consumer devices, a [[progressive scan]] form of M-JPEG saw widespread use in the “movie” modes of digital still cameras, allowing video encoding and playback through the integrated JPEG compression hardware with only a software modification. The resultant quality is still inferior compared to a similar-sized MPEG, particularly as the sound (when included) was uncompressed [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] and recorded at a low sample rate or low-compression, low processor-demand [[ADPCM]].

To keep file sizes and transfer rates under control, frame sizes and rates, along with sound sampling rates, are kept relatively low with very high levels of compression for each individual frame. Resolutions of 160×120 or 320×240 are common sizes, typically at 10, 12 or 15 frames per second, with picture quality equivalent to a JPEG setting of “50” with mono ADPCM sound sampled at ~8&nbsp;kHz. This results in a very basic, but serviceable video output at a similar storage cost to MPEG (~120&nbsp;kB/s video rate, ~8&nbsp;kB/s audio – or approx 1&nbsp;Mbit/s at 320×240 resolution), but with minimal processing overheads. This video is typically stored in Microsoft's [[Audio Video Interleave|AVI]] or Apple's [[QuickTime File Format|QuickTime Movie]] container files. These files are viewable natively on most operating systems, however sometimes an additional [[codec]] must be installed.

The [[AMV video format]], common on cheap "MP4" players, is a modified version of M-JPEG.

In addition to portable players (which are mainly "consumers" of the video), many video-enabled digital cameras use M-JPEG for video-capture. For instance:
* In August 2008, Nikon announced the [[Nikon D90|D90]], the first D-SLR to record video. The format used is M-JPEG. The D90 uses three different motion JPEG formats: 320×216 pixels, 640×424 pixels and 1280×720 pixels.
* In June 2009, Pentax announced that the then-upcoming [[Pentax K-7|K-7]] camera would use M-JPEG in resolutions 640×416, 1280×720, and 1536×1024. The data rate for the M-JPEG files created can be up to 74&nbsp;Mbit/s.
* In August 2016, Canon announced that the [[Canon EOS 5D Mark IV|5D Mark IV]] camera would record [[4K resolution|4K video]] in M-JPEG,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usa.canon.com/internet/portal/us/home/about/newsroom/press-releases/press-release-details/2016/20160825-EOS-b/20160825-EOS-b|title=Press Release Details|website=www.usa.canon.com|access-date=2016-11-06}}</ref> with a data rate of approximately 500 Mbit/s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.canon.co.uk/cameras/eos-5d-mark-iv/specifications/|title=Specifications & Features - Canon EOS 5D Mark IV - Canon UK|date=2016-09-19|website=www.canon.co.uk|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-11-06}}</ref>
[[File:Introducing Wikipedia for KaiOS.webm|thumb|right|200px|A video that was recorded on a Canon 5D mark IV in [[DCI 4K]] using motion jpeg]] 

Many network-enabled cameras provide M-JPEG streams that network clients can connect to. [[Mozilla]] and [[Webkit]]-based browsers have native support for viewing these M-JPEG streams.

Some network-enabled cameras provide their own M-JPEG interfaces as part of the normal feature set. For cameras that don't provide this feature natively, a server can be used to transcode the camera pictures into an M-JPEG stream and then provide that stream to other network clients.