Editing Mon language (section)

==Syntax==

===Pronouns===

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Mon !! Translate
|-
|{{lang|mnw| အဲ}}  || I
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုအဲ}}  || my, mine
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်အဲ}}  || Me
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်အဲ}}  || By me
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုအဲ}}  || From me
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ပိုဲ}}  || We
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်ပိုဲ}}  || Us
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုပိုဲ}}  || Our, ours, of us
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုပိုဲ}}  || To us
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်ပိုဲညးဂမၠိုၚ်}}  || By us
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူပိုဲညးဂမၠိုၚ်}}  || From us
|-
|{{lang|mnw|တၠအဲ၊ ဗှေ်}}  || You; thou
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုတၠအဲ}}  || You, yours; thy, thine
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်တၠအဲ}}  || You; thee
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်တၠအဲ}}  || By you (Sin); by thee
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူတၠအဲ}}  || From you
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုတၠအဲ}}  || To you
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ၚ်မၞးတံညးဂမၠိုၚ်}}  || You
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်မၞးတံ}}  || You (Object)
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုမၞးတံ}}  || Your, yours
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုမၞးတံ}}  || To you
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်မၞးတံ}}  || By you
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူမၞးတံ}}  || From you
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ၚ်ညးဂှ်}}  || He
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုညးဂှ်}}  || His
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်ညးဂှ်}}  || Him
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုညးဂှ်}}  || To him
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူညးဂှ်}}  || From him
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ၚ်ညးတံဂှ်}}  || They
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်ညးတံဂှ်}}  || Them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဒဒက်တဴကဵုညးတံဂှ်}}  || Their, theirs
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုညးတံဂှ်}}  || To them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်ညးတံဂှ်}}  || By them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူညးတံဂှ်}}  || From them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ၚ်ညးဗြဴဂှ်}}  || She
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုညးဗြဴဂှ်}}  || Her, hers
|-
|{{lang|mnw|မိန်ညးဗြဴဂှဲ၊ပ္ဍဲ}}  || By her; in her
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူညးဗြဴဂှ်}}  || From her
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ၚ်ဗြဴတံဂှ်}}  || They (feminine)
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ဟိုန်ညးဗြဴတံဂှ်}}  || There
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ကုညးဗြဴတံဂှ်}}  || To them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|နူညးဗြဴတံဂှ်}}  || From them
|-
|{{lang|mnw|ပ္ဍဲညးဗြဴတံဂှ်}}  || In them
|}

===Verbs and verb phrases===

Mon verbs do not inflect for person. Tense is shown through particles.

Some verbs have a morphological causative, which is most frequently a /pə-/ prefix (Pan Hla 1989:29):

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Underived verb !! Gloss !! Causative verb !! Gloss
|-
| c<sup>h</sup>ɒt || to die || kəcɒt || to kill
|-
| lɜm || to be ruined || pəlɒm || to destroy
|-
| k<sup>h</sup>aɨŋ || to be firm|| pəkhaɨŋ ||to make firm
|-
| tɛm || to know || pətɛm || to inform
|}

===Nouns and noun phrases===

====Singular and plural====

Mon nouns do not inflect for number. That is, they do not have separate forms for singular and plural:

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|{sɔt pakaw} mo̤a me̤a
|apple one CL
|'one apple'}}

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|{sɔt pakaw} ba me̤a
|apple two CL
|'two apples'}}

====Adjectives====

Adjectives follow the noun (Pan Hla p.&nbsp;24):

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|prɛ̤a ce
|woman beautiful
|'beautiful woman'}}

====Demonstratives====

Demonstratives follow the noun:

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|ŋoa nɔʔ
|day this
|this day}}

====Classifiers====

Like many other Southeast Asian languages, Mon has [[Classifier (linguistics)|classifiers]] which are used when a noun appears with a numeral. The choice of classifier depends on the semantics of the noun involved.

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|kaneh mo̤a tanəng
|pen one CL
|'one pen'}}

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|chup mo̤a tanɒm
|tree one CL
|'one tree'}}

===Prepositions and prepositional phrases===

Mon is a prepositional language.

{{interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|doa əma
|in lake
|'in the lake'}}

===Sentences===

The ordinary word order for sentences in Mon is subject–verb–object, as in the following examples

{{fs interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|c1= {{audio|LL-Q13349 (mnw)-咽頭べさ-အဲရာန်သ္ၚုတုဲယျ.wav|listen}}
|{{Script/mnw-Mymr|အဲ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ရာန်}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|သ္ၚု}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|တုဲ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ယျ}}
|ʔoa ran hau toa ya.
|I buy rice COMPL AFF
|'I bought rice.'}}

{{fs interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|c1= {{audio|LL-Q13349 (mnw)-咽頭べさ-ညးတံဗ္တောန်ကဵုအဲဘာသာအၚ်္ဂလိက်.wav|listen}}
|{{Script/mnw-Mymr|ညး}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|တံ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ဗ္တောန်}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ကဵု}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|အဲ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ဘာသာ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|အၚ်္ဂလိက်}}
|Nyeh tɔʔ paton kɒ ʔua pʰɛ̤asa ʔengloit
|3 PL teach to 1 language English
|'They taught me English.'}}

===Questions===

Yes–no questions are shown with a final particle ''ha''

{{fs interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|c1= {{audio|LL-Q13349 (mnw)-咽頭べさ-ဗှ်ေစပုၚ်တုဲယျဟာ.wav|listen}}
|{{Script/mnw-Mymr|ဗှ်ေ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|စ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ပုင်}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|တုဲ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ယျ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ဟာ}}
|be̤ shea pəng toa ya ha?
|you eat rice COMPL AFF Q
|‘Have you eaten rice?’}}

{{fs interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|c1= {{audio|LL-Q13349 (mnw)-咽頭べさ-အပါအာဟာ.wav|listen}}
|{{Script/mnw-Mymr|အပါ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|အာ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ဟာ}}
|əpa a ha?
|father go Q
|‘Will father go?’ (Pan Hla, p.&nbsp;42)}}

Wh-questions show a different final particle, ''rau''. The interrogative word does not undergo [[wh-movement]]. That is, it does not necessarily move to the front of the sentence:

{{fs interlinear|lang=mnw|indent=3
|c1= {{audio|LL-Q13349 (mnw)-咽頭べさ-တၠနာဲကြာတ်ကြဴမံၚ်မူရော.wav|listen}}
|{{Script/mnw-Mymr|တၠ နာဲ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ကြာတ်ကြဴ}}မံင် {{Script/mnw-Mymr|မူ}} {{Script/mnw-Mymr|ရော}}
|{Tala oa} kratkraw mu raw?
|You wash what WH.Q
|'What did you wash?'}}