Editing Marañón River (section)

== Hydroelectric dams ==
The Marañón River may supply 20 hydroelectric mega-dams planned in the Andes, and most of the power is thought to be destined for export to Brazil, Chile, or Ecuador.<ref>{{cite news|title=Peru's Energy Ambitions|url= http://www.economist.com/node/18114659/ |newspaper=The Economist| access-date=22 February 2013 | date=12 February 2011}}</ref> Dam survey crews have drafted construction blueprints, and the [[environmental impact statement]]s have been available since November 2009 for the Veracruz dam,<ref name="se">{{cite web | url=http://www.sectorelectricidad.com/2805/peru-proyecto-central-hidroelectrica-veracruz-730-mw/ | title=Proyecto Central Hidroeléctrica Veracruz 730 MW | publisher=Sector Electricidad | date=23 August 2012 | access-date=22 February 2013|language =es}}</ref> and since November 2011, the Chadin2 dam.<ref name="mem">{{cite web | url=http://www.minem.gob.pe/minem/archivos/file/DGGAE/ARCHIVOS/estudios/EIAS%20-%20electricidad/EIA/EIA%20C.H.%20CHADIN%202/Resumen%20Ejecutivo%20Final.pdf |author=AC Energia S.A.| title=EIA Proyecto CH Chadín | publisher=Ministerio de Energía y Minas | date=November 2011 | access-date=5 May 2016 | page=59}}</ref><ref name="sr">{{cite web | url=http://www.sierrarios.org/Peru/Slideshows/Maranon_EIS1_Chadin2.html | title=EIS Chadin2 Dam | publisher=SierraRios | work=Estudio de Impacto Ambiental del Proyecto Hydroelectrica Chadin 2, AC Energia S.A. | date=November 2011 | access-date=22 February 2013 | page=30}}</ref> 
A 2011 law stated "national demand" for the hydroelectric energy, while in 2013, Peruvian President [[Ollanta Humala]] explicitly made a connection with mining; the energy is to supply mines in the [[Cajamarca Region]], [[La Libertad Region|La Libertad]], [[Ancash Region]], and [[Piura Region]].<ref name="g">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/andes-to-the-amazon/2015/may/26/peru-amazon-main-source-dams-displacements | title=Peru planning to dam Amazon's main source and displace 1000s | newspaper=The Guardian | date=26 May 2015 | access-date=5 May 2016 | author=Mongabay.org's Special Reporting Initiatives}}</ref> Construction of the 406 MW dam in [[Chaglla District]] started in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.sectorelectricidad.com/2781/peru-se-inicio-obra-de-central-hidroelectrica-chaglla-de-406mw/ |title=Perú: Se inició obra de Central Hidroeléctrica Chaglla de 406MW - Sector Electricidad - Profesionales en Ingeniería Eléctrica|work=www.sectorelectricidad.com |date=21 August 2012|access-date=6 September 2017 |language=es}}</ref>

===Concerns===
Opposition arose because the dams are expected to disrupt the major source of the Amazon, alter normal silt deposition into the lower river, damage habitat and migration patterns for fish and other aquatic life, displace thousands of residents along the river, and damage a national treasure "at least as nice as the Grand Canyon in the USA". Residents have launched efforts to halt the dams along the river with conservation groups such as SierraRios<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sierrarios.org/Peru/SaveRioMaranon.html | title=Save Río Marañon | publisher=sierrarios.org | date=n.d. | access-date=22 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.psf.org.pe/institucional/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/infografia-chadin2.pdf | title=Graves impactos de la represa Chadín 2 | publisher=Forum Solidaridad Peru | work=Infographic | date=23 September 2013 | access-date=5 May 2016}}</ref> and [[International Rivers]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.internationalrivers.org/campaigns/marañon-river/ | title=Río Marañon | publisher=International Rivers | date=n.d. | access-date=22 February 2013}}</ref>

Potential ecological impacts of 151 new dams greater than 2 MW on five of the six major Andean tributaries of the Amazon over the next 20 years are estimated to be high, including the first major break in connectivity between Andean headwaters and lowland Amazon and deforestation due to infrastructure.<ref name="plos">{{cite journal | title=Proliferation of Hydroelectric Dams in the Andean Amazon and Implications for Andes-Amazon Connectivity. | author=Finer M, Jenkins CN | journal=PLOS ONE | year=2012 | volume=7 | issue=4 | pages=e35126 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0035126 | pmid=22529979 | pmc=3329437| bibcode=2012PLoSO...735126F | doi-access=free }}</ref>