Editing Lufthansa (section)

== Corporate affairs ==
=== Ownership ===
Lufthansa was a [[state-owned enterprise]] until 1994.<ref name="Lufthansa privatization">{{cite news |last=Blüthmann |first=Heinz |date=13 May 1994 |title=Neue Freiheit |language=de |trans-title=New Freedom |work=[[Die Zeit]] |url=http://www.zeit.de/1994/20/neue-freiheit |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=21 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021165734/http://www.zeit.de/1994/20/neue-freiheit |archive-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> Deutsche Lufthansa AG shares have been publicly traded on all German stock exchanges since 1966. In addition to floor trading, it is also traded electronically using the [[Xetra (trading system)|Xetra system]]. It is a [[DAX]] index share and is listed in the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]]'s [[Prime Standard]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/share-bonds.html |title=Share & Bonds |website=Lufthansa Group Investor Relations |publisher=Lufthansa Group |access-date=15 February 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506050923/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/share-bonds.html |archive-date=6 May 2021}}</ref> At the end of 2019, the shareholders' register showed that German investors held 67.3% of the shares (previous year: 72.1%). The second-largest group, with 10.4%, was shareholders from Luxembourg. Investors from the US accounted for 8.1%, followed by Ireland and the United Kingdom, each with 3.6%. This ensures compliance with the provisions of the German Aviation Compliance Documentation Act (LuftNaSiG). As of the reporting date, 58% of the shares were held by institutional investors (previous year: 53%), and 42% were held by private individuals (previous year: 47%). [[Lansdowne Partners]] International Ltd. and BlackRock, Inc. were the largest shareholders in the Lufthansa Group at year-end, with 4.9% and 3.1% respectively. All the transactions requiring disclosure and published during the financial year 2019, as well as the quarterly updates on the shareholder structure, are available online. During the 2020 COVID crisis [[Heinz Hermann Thiele]] increased his stake to more than 12%; he died a few months later. The [[free float]] for Lufthansa shares was 67% in 2020, as per the definition of the [[Deutsche Börse]].

=== German government bail-out ===
The German government offered a €9 billion bailout to support the airline through COVID-19 induced economic issues. With this bailout, the government's stake in the airline increased to 20%, and also granted it board seats, while diluting existing shareholder stakes. The shareholders of the company approved the bailout on Thursday, 26 June, offering the airline a fresh lease of life.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Joe |last2=Fletcher |first2=Laurence |date=<!--No date given.--> |year=2020 |title=Lufthansa shareholders back €9bn bailout package |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e7f87a03-e77f-46cc-933e-95cd50a60640 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/e7f87a03-e77f-46cc-933e-95cd50a60640 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-status=live |work=[[Financial Times]] |access-date=15 February 2022 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

=== Business trends ===
Key business and operating results of the ''Lufthansa Group'' for recent years are shown below (as at year ending 31 December):<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Financial reports |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/publications/financial-reports.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216022449/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/publications/financial-reports.html |archive-date=16 February 2022 |access-date=21 November 2023 |website=Lufthansa Group Investor Relations |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Total<br>revenue<br>(€ b)
!Net<br>profit/loss<br>(€ b)
!Number of<br>employees{{Efn|name=at year end}}<br>(k)
!Number of<br>passengers<br>(m)
!Passenger<br>load factor<br>(%)
!Cargo load<br>factor<br>(%)
!Number of<br>aircraft{{Efn|at year end|name=at year end}}
!''Notes/<br>references''
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2009
| 22.2
| <span style="color:red;">−0.04</span>
| 117
| 77.3
| 77.9
| 60.6
| 722
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports">{{cite web |title=Financial Reports |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/publications/financial-reports.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216022449/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/publications/financial-reports.html |archive-date=16 February 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |publisher=Lufthansa Group}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2010
| 27.3
| 1.1
| 117
| 91.2
| 79.3
| 68.0
| 710
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2011
| 28.7
| <span style="color:red;">−0.01</span>
| 116
| 100
| 77.6
| 66.8
| 636
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2012
| 30.1
| 0.99
| 117
| 103
| 78.8
| 66.9
| 627
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2013
| 30.0
| 0.31
| 118
| 104
| 79.8
| 69.1
| 622
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2014
| 30.0
| 0.05
| 118
| 106
| 80.1
| 69.9
| 615
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2015
| 32.0
| 1.6
| 120
| 107
| 80.4
| 66.3
| 602
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2016
| 31.6
| 1.7
| 124
| 109
| 79.1
| 66.6
| 617
| <ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" /><ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2016">{{cite report |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2016-e.pdf |title=Annual Report 2016 |date=16 March 2017 |publisher=Lufthansa Group |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216055834/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2016-e.pdf |archive-date=16 February 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|35.5
|2.3
|129
|130
|80.9
|69.3
|728
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
|2018
|35.5
|2.1
|135
|141
|81.5
|66.6
|763
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
|2019
|36.4
|1.2
|138
|145
|82.6
|61.4
|763
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
|2020
|13.5
|<span style="color:red;">−6.7</span>
|110
|36.4
|63.2
|69.6
|757
|{{efn|2020: Activities and income in fiscal 2020 were severely reduced by the impact of the [[COVID-19 pandemic|coronavirus pandemic]]}}<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2020" />
|-
|2021
|16.8
|<span style="color:red;">−2.1</span>
|105
|46.9
|61.6
|71.4
|713
|<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=3 March 2022 |title=Annual Report 2021 |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2021-e.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206142416/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2021-e.pdf |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|32.7
|0.79
|109
|101
|79.8
|60.3
|710
|<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Lufthansa Group Annual Report 2022 |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2022-e.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531194151/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2022-e.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2023 |access-date=7 October 2023 |website=Lufthansa}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|35.4
|1.6
|96.6
|122
|82.9
|56.4
|721
|<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Lufthansa Group Annual Report 2023 |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2023-e.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307130200/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2023-e.pdf |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=Lufthansa}}</ref>
|-
|'''2024'''
|'''37.5'''
|'''1.3'''
|'''101'''
|'''131'''
|'''83.1'''
|'''58.2'''
|'''735'''
|<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lufthansa Group Annual Report 2024 |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/financial-reports/annual-reports/LH-AR-2024-e.pdf |access-date=15 March 2025 |website=Lufthansa}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="9" style="text-align:left;"|{{notelist}}
|}
The key trends for the ''Lufthansa Airlines'' are (as at year ending 31 December):<ref name=":3" />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Turnover<br>(€ b)
!Operating<br>profit{{Efn|"EBIT"}}<br>(€ b)
!Number of<br>employees{{Efn|at year end|name=at year end}}
!Number of<br>passengers<br>(m)
!Passenger<br>load factor<br>(%)
!Number of<br>aircraft{{Efn|name=at year end}}
!''Notes/<br>references''
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2016
| 15.4
| 1.6
| 34,126
| 62.4
|79.1
|350
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" /><ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2016" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2017
| 16.4
| 2.1
| 33,779
| 65.8
|81.6
|357
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2018
| 15.8
| 1.7
| 34,754
| 69.8
|81.3
|351
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2019
| 16.6
| 1.1
| 39,582
| 72.4
|82.5
|364
|<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Reports" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2020
| 4.1
| <span style="color:red;">−4.7</span>
| 37,741
| 17.9
|62.1
|421
|{{efn|2020: Activities and income in fiscal 2020 were severely reduced by the impact of the [[COVID-19 pandemic|coronavirus pandemic]]}}<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2020" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2021
| 5.0
| <span style="color:red;">−2.5</span>
| 35,738
| 23.5
|60.3
|389
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 2022
| 13.1
| <span style="color:red;">−0.43</span>
| 34,408
| 51.7
|79.9
|386
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|2023
|16.1
|0.86
|36,707
|60.2
|82.4
|381
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|'''2024'''
|'''16.5'''
|<span style="color:red;">−0.11</span>
|'''39,323'''
|'''64.4'''
|'''82.8'''
|'''387'''
|<ref name=":8" />
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|{{notelist}}
|}

=== Headquarters ===
<!--[[File:Lufthansa headquarters, Cologne, Germany - 20080623.jpg|thumb|Lufthansa's headquarters in [[Deutz, Cologne]]]]-->
[[File:LH-HQ, Köln-Deutz, Front 3.jpg|thumb|Lufthansa's former headquarters in Deutz, Cologne]]

Lufthansa's corporate headquarters are in Cologne. In 1971, Lawrence Fellows of ''[[The New York Times]]'' described the then-new headquarters building that Lufthansa occupied in Cologne as "gleaming".<ref>{{cite news |last=Fellows |first=Lawrence |date=12 July 1971 |title=Germans Setting Own Office Hours |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/12/archives/germans-setting-own-office-hours-some-german-workers-set-their-own.html |url-status=live |work=The New York Times |location=Cologne |page=1 |quote=At Lufthansa's gleaming new office building here, and at many other offices and factories around West Germany, men and women now go to work when they want and stay as long as they want – within reason. |access-date=14 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819232819/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/12/archives/germans-setting-own-office-hours-some-german-workers-set-their-own.html |archive-date=19 August 2020}}</ref> In 1986, [[Revolutionary Cells (German group)|left-wing terrorists]] bombed the building.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-28-mn-8217-story.html |url-status=live |title=Terrorists Shoot Berlin Official, Bomb Airline |work=Los Angeles Times |agency=[[UPI]] |place=West Berlin |date=28 October 1986 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215234603/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-28-mn-8217-story.html |archive-date=15 February 2022}}</ref> No one was injured.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/29/world/around-the-world-bomb-rips-offices-of-lufthansa-in-cologne.html |url-status=live |title=Bomb Rips Offices of Lufthansa in Cologne |department=Around the World |work=The New York Times |agency=Associated Press |date=29 October 1986 |access-date=24 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203234556/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/29/world/around-the-world-bomb-rips-offices-of-lufthansa-in-cologne.html |archive-date=3 February 2021}}</ref> In 2006, builders laid the first stone of the new Lufthansa headquarters in [[Deutz, Cologne]]. By the end of 2007, Lufthansa planned to move 800 employees, including the company's finance department, to the new building.<ref>"[http://www.kfz.net/autonews/grundsteinlegung-fuer-lufthansa-hauptverwaltung-in-koeln/ Grundsteinlegung für Lufthansa Hauptverwaltung in Köln] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604143346/http://www.kfz.net/autonews/grundsteinlegung-fuer-lufthansa-hauptverwaltung-in-koeln/ |date=4 June 2013 }}." KFZ.net. Retrieved on 12 February 2010. "Die Lufthansa hat mit einer Grundsteinlegung in Köln-Deutz den Beginn der Arbeiten für ihre neue Kölner Konzernzentrale gefeiert. Ende 2007 werden rund 800 Kölner Lufthanseaten, vor allem aus dem Konzernressort Finanzen, das Hochhaus am Rhein verlassen und in den nur wenige hundert Meter entfernten Neubau umziehen, erklärte das Unternehmen."</ref> However, in early 2013, Lufthansa revealed plans to relocate its head office from Cologne to Frankfurt by 2017.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hofmann |first=Kurt |date=20 February 2013 |title=Lufthansa deepens cuts; to close head office in Cologne |work=[[Aviation Week Network]] |url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/safety-ops-regulation/lufthansa-deepens-cuts-close-head-office-cologne |url-status=live |access-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528125053/http://atwonline.com/operations/lufthansa-deepens-cuts-close-head-office-cologne |archive-date=28 May 2013}}</ref>

Several Lufthansa departments are not at the headquarters; instead, they are in the Lufthansa Aviation Center at Frankfurt Airport. These departments include Corporate Communications and Investor Relations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/newsroom/contact-person.html |title=Media Contact |publisher=Lufthansa Group |access-date=15 February 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216022505/https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/newsroom/contact-person.html |archive-date=16 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/service/contact-person.html |title=Contacts Investor Relations |newspaper=Lufthansa Group Investor Relations |publisher=Lufthansa Group |access-date=15 February 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506023144/https://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/service/contact-person.html |archive-date=6 May 2021}}</ref> The innovative high-tech and low-energy Aviation Center with a transparent facade and several indoor gardens was designed by [[Christoph Ingenhoven]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ingenhoven architects · Lufthansa Aviation Centre |url=https://divisare.com/projects/370269-ingenhoven-architects-lufthansa-aviation-centre |access-date=12 May 2023 |website=Divisare |language=en |archive-date=12 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512065115/https://divisare.com/projects/370269-ingenhoven-architects-lufthansa-aviation-centre |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Employment relations ===
Relations between Lufthansa and their pilots have been very tense in the past years, with many strikes occurring, causing many flights to be cancelled, as well as major losses to the company.<ref name="ksb/bk 2015">{{cite news |url=https://www.dw.com/en/no-sign-of-take-off-as-lufthansa-pilots-extend-strike-to-three-days/a-18324310 |url-status=live |date=19 March 2015 |title=No sign of take-off as Lufthansa pilots extend strike to three days |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230161245/https://www.dw.com/en/no-sign-of-take-off-as-lufthansa-pilots-extend-strike-to-three-days/a-18324310 |archive-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> A major dispute between Lufthansa and the pilot's union has been settled after nearly five years and overall 14 strikes in December 2017.<ref>{{cite news |last=Koenen |first=Jens |date=15 March 2017 |title=Lufthansa und Piloten: Die Streikhansa ist gelandet |trans-title=Lufthansa and Pilots: The strike hansa landed |url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/handel-konsumgueter/lufthansa-und-piloten-die-streikhansa-ist-gelandet/19519474-all.html |url-status=live |work=[[Handelsblatt]] |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706000005/https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/handel-konsumgueter/lufthansa-und-piloten-die-streikhansa-ist-gelandet/19519474-all.html |archive-date=6 July 2017}}</ref> Without taking into account the €9 billion bailout from the German government, Lufthansa cut 31,000 jobs in the COVID-19 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lufthansa Group stoppt Stellenabbau und will wieder wachsen |url=https://www.airliners.de/lufthansa-group-stoppt-stellenabbau-wachsen/63776 |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=airliners.de |language=de |archive-date=18 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218004708/https://www.airliners.de/lufthansa-group-stoppt-stellenabbau-wachsen/63776 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the 2022 collective bargaining, verdi said that Lufthansa's wage offer meant real wage losses for employees and called on around 20,000 ground workers in Germany to go on warning strikes.<ref>{{cite web |last=tagesschau.de |title=Warnstreiks: Lufthansa streicht fast alle Flüge |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/warnstreiks-verdi-lufthansa-fluege-gestrichen-101.html |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=tagesschau.de |language=de |archive-date=1 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801132153/https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/warnstreiks-verdi-lufthansa-fluege-gestrichen-101.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Airline subsidiaries ===
[[File:Lufthansa Group passenger fleet size.png|thumb|Lufthansa Group passenger fleet size, including subsidiaries and excluding cargo (wholly owned)]]
[[File:Lufthansa Aviation Center after sunset - Frankfurt - Germany - near Airport Frankfurt - Fraport - 06.jpg|thumb|The Lufthansa Aviation Center at Frankfurt Airport by architect [[Christoph Ingenhoven]]]]
[[File:A380 Werft FRA.jpg|thumb|The hangar of [[Lufthansa Technik]] at Frankfurt Airport]]
[[File:Trams in Lisbon 3.jpg|thumb|A Lufthansa advertisement in [[Lisbon]]]]
In addition to its main passenger operation, Lufthansa has several airline subsidiaries, including:<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2020" />

==== Network Airlines ====
* Lufthansa Airlines<ref name="portrait">{{cite web |url=https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/company/company-portrait.html |title=Company portrait |publisher=Lufthansa Group |access-date=25 May 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216022646/https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/company/company-portrait.html |archive-date=16 February 2022}}</ref> — the flag carrier of Germany based in Frankfurt and Munich.

* [[Austrian Airlines]] – the flag carrier of [[Austria]] based at [[Vienna International Airport]]
* [[Swiss International Air Lines]] – the flag carrier of [[Switzerland]] based at [[Zurich Airport]]
* [[Brussels Airlines]] – the flag carrier of [[Belgium]] based at [[Brussels Airport]]<ref>{{Cite news |author=<!--No author given.--> |url=https://trends.levif.be/economie/magazine/brussels-airlines-sans-eurowings/article-normal-1158933.html |title=Brussels Airlines sans Eurowings |language=fr |date=27 June 2019 |work=Trends-Tendances |access-date=10 December 2019 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210122056/https://trends.levif.be/economie/magazine/brussels-airlines-sans-eurowings/article-normal-1158933.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[ITA Airways]] – the flag carrier of Italy based at [[Rome Fiumicino Airport]], successor of [[Alitalia]], owned by [[Government of Italy|Italian government]] (59%) and Lufthansa Group (41%), with options for full ownership in the future
* [[airBaltic]] – the flag carrier of Latvia based at [[Riga International Airport]], owned by [[Government of Latvia]] (87.97%) and Lufthansa Group (10%)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-29 |title=Lufthansa Group acquires minority stake in airBaltic |url=https://company.airbaltic.com/en/newsroom?press=2025/lufthansa-group-acquires-minority-stake-in-airbaltic |access-date=2025-03-20 |website=Newsroom {{!}} airBaltic |language=en}}</ref>

==== Feeder Airlines ====

* [[Lufthansa CityLine]] – German regional airline headquartered in [[Munich]] operating feeders to the Lufthansa Airlines mainline operation.

* [[Lufthansa City Airlines]] – Regional airline based in [[Munich]] started operations branded as Lufthansa City in June 2024, operating feeders to the Lufthansa Airlines mainline operation.
* [[Air Dolomiti]] – Italian regional airline headquartered in [[Villafranca di Verona]] and based in [[Munich Airport|Munich]] and [[Frankfurt Airport|Frankfurt]], operating feeders to the Lufthansa Airlines mainline operation.

==== Low-cost Airlines ====
* [[Eurowings]] – German low-cost point to point airline headquartered in [[Düsseldorf]].
* [[Eurowings Europe]] – low-cost airline registered in Malta, subsidiary of Eurowings Group.

==== Leisure Airlines ====
* [[Discover Airlines]] — German long- and medium-haul leisure airline, doing business as ''EW Discover GmbH'', originally known as ''Eurowings Discover.''
* [[Edelweiss Air]] – Swiss leisure airline, subsidiary of [[Swiss International Air Lines]].

==== Cargo Airlines ====
* [[Lufthansa Cargo]] – German cargo airline headquartered in Frankfurt, formerly [[German Cargo]]

==== Joint ventures ====
* [[AeroLogic]] – German cargo airline owned by a joint-venture of [[Lufthansa Cargo]] (50%) and [[DHL Express|DHL]] (50%)
* [[SunExpress]] – Turkish leisure airline, jointly owned by Lufthansa Group (50%) and [[Turkish Airlines]] (50%)

==== Former ====
*[[British Midland International]] (2009–2011, stake owned since 1999) – British airline subsidiary sold to [[International Airlines Group]] and merged into [[British Airways]] in 2012
*[[Condor Flugdienst]] (1959–2004, stakes owned from 1955 until 2006) – former leisure subsidiary, shares gradually acquired by [[Thomas Cook AG]], later owned by [[Thomas Cook Group]]
*[[German Cargo]] (1977–1993) – cargo subsidiary, reorganized into the current [[Lufthansa Cargo]]
*[[German Airways|Luftfahrtgesellschaft Walter]] – German low-cost regional airline integrated into Eurowings in October 2017, sold to Zeitfracht in 2019
*[[Lufthansa Italia]] (2009–2011) – Italian airline subsidiary established, sharing IATA, ICAO, and callsigns with the main Lufthansa
*[[SunExpress Deutschland]] (2011–2020) – German subsidiary of [[SunExpress]]<ref>{{cite web|title=aviation24.be|periodical=Aviation24.be|url=https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/lufthansa-group/lufthansa/lufthansa-shuts-down-sunexpress-germany-turkish-branch-stays-active/|date=23 June 2020|language=en|access-date=26 June 2020|archive-date=24 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624022737/https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/lufthansa-group/lufthansa/lufthansa-shuts-down-sunexpress-germany-turkish-branch-stays-active/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="aerotelegraph.com">[https://www.aerotelegraph.com/sun-express-deutschland-wird-liquidiert aerotelegraph.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628094449/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/sun-express-deutschland-wird-liquidiert |date=28 June 2020 }} (German) 23 June 2020</ref>
*[[Team Lufthansa]] (1996–2004) – An [[Business alliance|alliance]] of [[regional airlines]] from four countries ([[Germany]], [[Denmark]], [[Austria]], and [[France]]), which flew niche routes on behalf of Lufthansa. It was replaced by [[Lufthansa Regional]] in 2004<ref name=":02">{{cite web |date=16 October 2003 |title=Lufthansa Regional replaces Team Lufthansa |url=http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/miles-more-lufthansa-austrian-swiss-other-partners/68747-lufthansa-regional-replaces-team-lufthansa.html |accessdate=15 March 2012 |archive-date=19 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019152802/http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/miles-more-lufthansa-austrian-swiss-other-partners/68747-lufthansa-regional-replaces-team-lufthansa.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Lufthansa AirPlus Servicekarten GMBH, (AirPlus International) travel payment company via UATP and Mastercard. Sold to [[SEB Group]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://newsroom.lufthansagroup.com/en/lufthansa-group-completes-sale-of-payment-expert-airplus-international-to-seb-kort/ | title=Lufthansa Group completes sale of payment expert AirPlus International to SEB Kort }}</ref>

=== Other subsidiaries ===
In addition to the airlines mentioned above, Lufthansa maintains further aviation affiliated subsidiaries:<ref name="Lufthansa Group: Annual Report 2020" />

* [[Global Load Control]], a world leader in remote weight and balance services.
* [[Lufthansa Consulting]], an international aviation consultancy for airlines, airports, and related industries.
* [[Lufthansa Flight Training]], a provider of flight crew training services to various airlines and the main training arm for the airline's pilots.
* [[Lufthansa Systems]], the largest European aviation IT provider.
* [[Lufthansa Technik]], aircraft maintenance providers.
* Lufthansa City Center International, a network of independent travel agents who are Lufthansa franchisees

=== Branding ===
[[File:Lufthansa Airbus A320-211 D-AIQT 01 (cropped).jpg|thumb|A Lufthansa [[Airbus A320]]-200 in the old livery used since 1988]]
[[File:Lufthansa A320neo (D-AINX) @ LHR, Jan 2020.jpg|thumb|A Lufthansa [[Airbus A320neo family|Airbus A320neo]] in the livery adapted since 2018]]
The Lufthansa logo, an encircled stylised [[crane (bird)|crane]] in flight, was first created in 1918 by Otto Firle. It was part of the livery of the first German airline, [[Deutsche Luft-Reederei]] (abbreviated DLR), which began air service on 5 February 1919. In 1926, [[Deutsche Luft Hansa]] adopted this symbol, and in 1954, Lufthansa expressed continuity by adopting it and later in 1963 – a variant thereof as redesigned by [[Robert Lisovskyi]].

The original creator of the name Lufthansa is believed to be F.A. Fischer von Puturzyn. In 1925, he published a book entitled "Luft-Hansa" which examined the options open to aviation policymakers at the time. Luft Hansa was the name given to the new airline, which resulted from the merger of [[Junkers]]' airline ([[Junkers Luftverkehr|Luftverkehr AG]]) and ''Deutscher Aero Lloyd''.<ref name="lh_chronicle_2">{{Cite web |date= |title=Chronicle – Lufthansa Group – Chronik |url=https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/chronicle |access-date=9 November 2023 |website=Lufthansa Group |archive-date=10 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510172329/https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/chronicle |url-status=live }}</ref>

After World War II, the company kept blue and yellow as its main colours and the crane logo. Since the beginning of the 1960s, [[Helvetica]] was used for the company name in the livery. The 1970s retro livery featured the top half of the fuselage painted in all-white on top and the lower fuselage (bottom half, including the engines) was gray/silver aluminium, below a blue cheatline window band and a black painted nose. The crane logo was painted blue on the engines, on the bottom half of the fuselage just below the cockpit windows, and a yellow circle inside a blue band on the tail.

German designer [[Otl Aicher]] created a comprehensive corporate design for the airline in 1967. The crane logo was now always displayed in a circle which, on the livery, was yellow on an otherwise blue tailfin. Helvetica was used as the main typeface for both the livery and publications. The blue band and general paint scheme of the aircraft were retained from the previous livery.

Aicher's concept was retained in the 1988 design. The window band was removed, and the fuselage was painted in grey.

In 2018, Lufthansa changed their livery. The encircled crane was retained, and the background changed from yellow to dark blue. The vertical stabilizer and the rear fuselage were painted in dark blue, and the tail cone remained white. The main fuselage was painted in all white, and the brand name "Lufthansa" was painted above the windows, also in dark blue.

The company slogan is 'Say yes to the world.'<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kolle-rebbe.de/arbeiten/sayyestotheworld/ |title=Erleben ist das neue Haben |publisher=Kolle Rebbe |access-date=6 November 2019 |language=de |archive-date=6 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106133423/https://www.kolle-rebbe.de/arbeiten/sayyestotheworld/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Alliances and partnerships ===
[[File:FRA LH Lounge First seating.jpg|thumb|The Lufthansa First Class lounge at Frankfurt Airport]]

==== Commercial ====
Lufthansa bought a 19% stake in [[JetBlue Airways]] in December 2007 and entered a code-sharing agreement with the airline. It was the first major investment by a European carrier in an American carrier since the [[EU–U.S. Open Skies Agreement]] came into effect in 2008. Lufthansa sold its stake in JetBlue in March 2015.

In late 2007, Lufthansa Cargo was forced to relocate a hub from [[Kazakhstan]] to [[Russia]].

On 28 August 2008, Lufthansa and [[Brussels Airlines]] announced that they were negotiating a merger.<ref>[http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/presse/pressemeldungen/index.html?c=nachrichten/app/show/en/2008/08/852/HOM&s=0 Lufthansa.com]. Konzern.lufthansa.com (28 June 2011). Retrieved on 8 July 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108180344/http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/presse/pressemeldungen/index.html?c=nachrichten%2Fapp%2Fshow%2Fen%2F2008%2F08%2F852%2FHOM&s=0 |date=8 January 2009 }}</ref>

Lufthansa acquired a 45% stake in Brussels Airlines in 2009. It has an option to acquire the remaining 55% by 2017. As a part of the deal, Brussels Airlines joined [[Star Alliance]] in December 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 September 2008 |title=Lufthansa takes a strategic equity share in Brussels Airlines |work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/b2b92OPM32DUpPPtWKxS3L/Lufthansa-takes-a-strategic-equity-share-in-Brussels-Airline.html |url-status=live |access-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108181411/http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/presse/pressemeldungen/index.html?c=nachrichten%2Fapp%2Fshow%2Fen%2F2008%2F09%2F857%2FHOM&s=0 |archive-date=8 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=9 December 2009 |title=Brussels Airlines joins Star Alliance |work=[[Brussels Airlines]] |url=https://press.brusselsairlines.com/brussels-airlines-joins-star-alliance |access-date=9 November 2023 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109121122/https://press.brusselsairlines.com/brussels-airlines-joins-star-alliance |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[http://www.staralliance.com/en/about/airlines/brussels-airlines/ staralliance.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091215232919/http://www.staralliance.com/en/about/airlines/brussels-airlines/ |date=15 December 2009 }}. staralliance.com. Retrieved on 8 July 2011.</ref>

On 28 October 2008, Lufthansa exercised its option to purchase a further 60% share in [[British Midland International|BMI]] (in addition to the 20% Lufthansa already owned), this resulted in a dispute with the former owner [[Michael Bishop, Baron Glendonbrook|Sir Michael Bishop]]. Both parties reached an agreement at the end of June 2009, and the acquisition took place with effect from 1 July 2009.<ref>{{cite web |last=Milmo |first=Dan |date=30 October 2008 |title=Lufthansa takes control of bmi |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/30/lufthansa-bmi-airline-industry |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727024846/http://www.dowjones.de/site/2009/06/lufthansa-reaches-deal-to-raise-stake-in-bmi-to-80.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 |access-date=9 November 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Lufthansa acquired the remaining 20% from Scandinavian Airlines on 1 November 2009, taking complete control of BMI.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 October 2009 |title=UPDATE 2-Lufthansa buys SAS's 20 percent stake in bmi |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/lufthansa/update-2-lufthansa-buys-sass-20-percent-stake-in-bmi-idUKL145209120091001 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707213412/https://centreforaviation.com/news/share-market/2009/10/02/lufthansa-to-gain-full-control-of-bmi-from-sas-while-ba-confirms-interest-in-the-uk-carrier/page1 |archive-date=7 July 2017 |access-date=9 November 2023 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>

Lufthansa completed the purchase of [[Austrian Airlines]] from the Austrian government in January 2009.

In 2010, Lufthansa was named in a [[European Commission]] investigation into price-fixing, but was not fined because it acted as a whistleblower.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kanter |first=James |date=9 November 2010 |title=E.U. Fines 11 Airlines Over $1 Billion in Cargo Cartel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/10/business/global/10cartel.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112051132/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/09/349520/eleven-airlines-fined-in-european-cargo-cartel-investigation.html |archive-date=12 November 2010 |access-date=10 November 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

In April 2012, Lufthansa completed the sale of BMI to [[International Airlines Group]] (IAG), owner of British Airways and Iberia for £172.5 million.

In July 2012, a Qantas–Lufthansa Technik maintenance deal for Tullamarine airport fell through due to having insufficient engine maintenance work to support the partnership. This resulted in 164 engineers being made redundant. This followed just months after the closing of heavy maintenance operations, which resulted in 400 additional job losses. It was announced that the Lufthansa Technik–Qantas partnership would end in September.<ref>{{cite web |last=Drill |first=Stephen |date=26 July 2012 |title=Melbourne Airport engineers to lose jobs after Qantas-Lufthansa deal falls through |url=https://www.perthnow.com.au/news/melbourne-airport-engineers-to-lose-jobs-after-qantas-lufthansa-deal-falls-through-ng-3c035340c9c97e41bef970646240ec9d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728025856/http://www.airport-int.com/news/job-loses-after-qantas-lufthansa-deal-falls-through.html |archive-date=28 July 2012 |access-date=10 November 2023 |publisher=PerthNow}}</ref>

Lufthansa also coordinates scheduling and ticket sales on transatlantic flights with Air Canada and United Airlines (as do Brussels Airlines, Swiss and Austrian Airlines). Lufthansa (with Swiss and Austrian Airlines) cooperates similarly with ANA on flights to Japan. Both ventures required the approval of competition authorities.

==== Technology ====
Until April 2009, Lufthansa inventory and departure control systems, based on [[Unisys]], were managed by [[Lufthansa Systems|LH Systems]]. Lufthansa reservations systems were outsourced to Amadeus in the early 1990s. Following a decision to outsource all components of the [[Passenger Service System]], the functions were outsourced to the Altéa platform managed by [[Amadeus IT Group|Amadeus]].

Since 2007 [[Lufthansa Systems]], the IT services provider branch of the group relies on solutions by [[Actian]], such as [[Ingres (database)|Ingres database]] and the [[OpenROAD|OpenROAD platform]], to power its Lido/FlightPlanning solution, which is used by around 300 commercial airlines across the world for flight planning.<ref name="actian.com/customer-stories">{{cite web|title=Customer Story: Global aviation data keeps flights running smoothly|publisher=Actian|url=https://www.actian.com/customer-stories/lufthansa-systems/|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref>
<ref name="actian.com/case-study">{{cite web|title=Lufthansa Systems Depend on Actian to Ensure Flights go Smoothly for Passengers|publisher=Actian|url=https://www.actian.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Lufthansa-Case-Study-v1.pdf?id=47829|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref>

[[Lufthansa Cargo]], the cargo airline subsidiary of Lufthansa, uses Zeenea Data Discovery Platform as their data catalog solution.<ref name="zeenea.com/success-story/">{{cite web|title=Success Story: Lufthansa Cargo|publisher=Zeenea|url=https://zeenea.com/success-story/lufthansa-cargo/|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref> Zeenea is a French metadata management startup founded in Paris in 2017.<ref name="zeenea.com/our-story/">{{cite web|title=The Zeenea Story|publisher=Zeenea|url=https://zeenea.com/our-story/|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref> On August 8, 2024, [[HCLTech#HCLSoftware|HCLSoftware]] announced intent to acquire Zeenea for 24 million euros, which is expected to continue operating as an independent unit under [[Actian]], their data & analytics division.<ref name="NewsDrum/">{{cite web|title=HCLSoftware to acquire French software firm Zeenea for 24 million euros|publisher= NewsDrum|url=https://www.newsdrum.in/business/hcltechs-arm-to-acquire-french-software-firm-zeenea-for-24-million-euros-6809783|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref><ref name="actian-press-release/">{{cite web|title=HCLSoftware Announces Intent to Acquire Metadata Management Software Provider Zeenea|publisher= Actian|url=https://www.actian.com/news-and-events/press-releases/hclsoftware-announces-intent-to-acquire-metadata-management-software-provider-zeenea/?utm_medium=organic-social&utm_source=linkedin&utm_campaign=informational&utm_content=press_release|access-date=2024-08-12}}</ref>

==== Partner airlines ====
Lufthansa describes [[Luxair]] and [[LATAM]] as partner airlines. The partnerships mainly involve code-sharing and recognition of each other's frequent flier programmes.

==== Sponsorships ====
Lufthansa sponsors [[Bundesliga]] club [[Eintracht Frankfurt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportspromedia.com/news/german_giants_sign_samsung_extension|title=German giants sign Samsung extension – SportsPro Media|website=www.sportspromedia.com|date=November 2011|access-date=29 August 2019|archive-date=29 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829173832/http://www.sportspromedia.com/news/german_giants_sign_samsung_extension|url-status=live}}</ref> The Lufthansa Group also sponsors the German Sports Aid Foundation to promote its sociopolitical goals and the athletes it sponsors.<ref>{{cite news |title=Other Commitments – Lufthansa Group |work=Lufthansa Group |url=https://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/responsibility/social-responsibility/corporate-citizenship/other-commitments.html |url-status=live |access-date=10 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416113410/http://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/responsibility/corporate-citizenship/sports-sponsorship.html |archive-date=16 April 2015}}</ref>

=== Lufthansa Group ===
The Lufthansa Group is the owner of Lufthansa Airlines and other partners, namely [[Brussels Airlines]], [[Swiss International Air Lines]], [[Edelweiss Air|Edelweiss]] (owned by Swiss International Air Lines), [[Air Dolomiti]], [[Austrian Airlines]], [[Lufthansa Cargo]], [[Lufthansa CityLine]], [[Eurowings]], [[Discover Airlines]], [[Germanwings]] (until 2020), and, plans to take a stake in [[ITA Airways]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=WirtschaftsWoche |url=https://www.wiwo.de/unternehmen/luftverkehr-lufthansa-steigt-bei-airline-ita-ein-was-sich-aendert-/30161282.html |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=www.wiwo.de}}</ref> Lufthansa is also considering buying [[Scandinavian Airlines|SAS Scandinavian Airlines]] and the Portuguese airline [[TAP Air Portugal|TAP Portugal]]. Lufthansa attempted to buy TAP Portugal in 2019 but the deal fell through as a result of [[COVID-19]]. Some Lufthansa Group members are also members of the [[Star Alliance]]. The Lufthansa Group is the second-largest airline group in Europe by passengers, carrying 93 million in 2022.

==== Acquisition of ITA Airways ====
On 30 March 2023, Lufthansa CEO [[Carsten Spohr]] visited [[ITA Airways]] headquarters in [[Rome]] to negotiate a deal to buy the Italian airline. According to news agency [[Reuters]], negotiations will start at around €200 million for 40% of the airline, with Lufthansa wanting an option to buy the entire airline from the Italian finance ministry.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-und-ita-jetzt-geht-es-um-den-preis | title=Lufthansa und ITA – jetzt geht es um den Preis | date=29 March 2023 | access-date=30 March 2023 | archive-date=30 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330081605/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-und-ita-jetzt-geht-es-um-den-preis | url-status=live }}</ref> On 24 April, the negotiation deadline ended without an agreement made. Both parties stated that negotiations were nearly finished, so they would continue negotiating until 12 May.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unternehmensmeldung |date=25 April 2023 |title=ITA: Frist für Gespräche mit Lufthansa bis zum 12. Mai verlängert |url=https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-gespraeche-mit-ita-frist-bis-zum-12-mai-verlaengert |access-date=26 April 2023 |website=aeroTELEGRAPH |language=de-CH |archive-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426072856/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-gespraeche-mit-ita-frist-bis-zum-12-mai-verlaengert |url-status=live }}</ref> This date was once again postponed with both parties saying that negotiations are "On a good way."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unternehmensmeldung |date=15 May 2023 |title=Lufthansas Einstieg bei ITA Airways verzögert sich um ein paar Tage |url=https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansas-einstieg-bei-ita-airways-verzoegert-sich-um-ein-paar-tage |access-date=16 May 2023 |website=aeroTELEGRAPH |language=de-CH |archive-date=16 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516135224/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansas-einstieg-bei-ita-airways-verzoegert-sich-um-ein-paar-tage |url-status=live }}</ref> At the meeting of [[G7]] leaders in Hiroshima in May 2022, the topic was discussed between the German and Italian leaders. They had talked about "rising the synergies between the industry of the two countries."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unternehmensmeldung |date=20 May 2023 |title=Einstieg von Lufthansa bei ITA Airways Thema am G7-Gipfel |url=https://www.aerotelegraph.com/einstieg-von-lufthansa-bei-ita-airways-thema-am-g7-gipfel |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=aeroTELEGRAPH |language=de-CH |archive-date=20 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520211004/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/einstieg-von-lufthansa-bei-ita-airways-thema-am-g7-gipfel |url-status=live }}</ref> On 25 May, a deal was finally signed, with Lufthansa paying €325 million for 41% of the airline. Lufthansa also has an option to buy the rest of the company; if this happens, this price will comply with the airline's profit. As part of the deal, [[Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport|Rome]] becomes a hub of the Lufthansa Group, with [[Milan Malpensa Airport|Milan]] also being considered.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nowack |first=Timo |date=25 May 2023 |title=Lufthansa steigt bei ITA Airways ein und macht Rom zum Drehkreuz |url=https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-steigt-bei-ita-airways-ein-und-macht-rom-zum-drehkreuz |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=aeroTELEGRAPH |language=de-CH |archive-date=25 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525205322/https://www.aerotelegraph.com/lufthansa-steigt-bei-ita-airways-ein-und-macht-rom-zum-drehkreuz |url-status=live }}</ref>