Editing Lower Austria (section)

== History ==
{{main|History of Austria}}
[[File:Stift Melk Nordseite 01.jpg|thumb|[[Melk Abbey]] was founded in 1089. Today's [[Baroque]] abbey was built between 1702 and 1736.]]
[[File:Napoleon.Wagram.jpg|thumb|[[Napoleon]] at the [[Battle of Wagram]] in July 1809]] 
More than 200 [[Neolithic Europe|Neolithic]] people were killed during the [[Massacre of Schletz|massacre]] in the [[Linear Pottery]] settlement area of Schletz 7000 years ago.<ref>Eva Maria Wild et al.: ''Neolithic Massacres: Local Skirmishes or General Warfare in Europe?'' In: ''Radiocarbon.'' Volume 46, No 1, 2004, S. 377–385, [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236166865_Neolithic_Massacres_Local_Skirmishes_or_General_Warfare_in_Europe text]</ref> 

The history of Lower Austria is very similar to the [[history of Austria]]. Many castles are located in Lower Austria. [[Klosterneuburg Abbey]], located here, is one of the oldest abbeys in Austria. Before [[World War II]], Lower Austria had the largest number of [[Jews]] in the country.

The names ''Lower Austria'' and ''[[Upper Austria]]'' are derived from the earlier names ''Austria below the Enns'' and ''Austria above the Enns'', references to the [[Enns (river)|river Enns]]. Going down from its source on the northern edge of the [[Central Eastern Alps]], the river crosses Upper Austria, then on its lower reaches forms the boundary between Upper Austria and Lower Austria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://noe-landtag.gv.at/en|title=History of Lower Austria – NÖ Landtag|website=noe-landtag.gv.at|language=de-AT|access-date=2020-01-14}}</ref>

In the mid-13th century, it became known as the Principality below the river [[Enns (river)|Enns]] (''{{lang|de|Fürstentum unter der Enns}}'').

The [[Battle on the Marchfeld]] on 26 August 1278 marked the beginning of the ascendancy of the [[House of Habsburg]] in Austria and Central Europe.

During the [[Ottoman wars in Europe]], Lower Austria was the target of repeated [[Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe|raids by the Tatars]] and [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Akinji|''Akinji'' mounted paramilitary units]], with many people taken into [[Slavery in the Ottoman Empire|slavery]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Brian Glyn Williams |title=The Sultan's Raiders: The Military Role of the Crimean Tatars in the Ottoman Empire |url=http://www.jamestown.org/uploads/media/Crimean_Tatar_-_complete_report_01.pdf |website=[[The Jamestown Foundation]] |date=2013 |pages=30–36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021092115/http://www.jamestown.org/uploads/media/Crimean_Tatar_-_complete_report_01.pdf |archive-date=2013-10-21 }}</ref>

Lower Austria was the site of the [[Battle of Wagram|Battles of Wagram]] and [[Battle of Aspern-Essling|Aspern]], fought between invading [[First French Empire|French]] troops under [[Napoleon]] and an [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] army led by [[Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen|Archduke Charles]] in 1809.