Editing Louisiana Purchase Exposition (section)

==Legacy==
St. Louis' status as an up-and-coming city garnered interest from many reporters and photographers who attended the World's Fair and found its citizens constantly on the "go" and the streets "crowded with activity". One observer remarked that, at this time, St. Louis had more energy in its streets than any other northern city did.<ref name="St. Louis and the World's fair">{{cite book |title=St. Louis and the World's Fair |publisher=L.H. Nelson Company |location=[[Portland, ME]] |hdl=2027/loc.ark:/13960/t5z60zx6h |year=1904}}</ref>

===Buildings===
[[File:Map or "Ground Plan" in 1904, from- The Piker and World's fair guide ... an accurate account of the exposition, preliminary programme, Olympic games and world's championship contests .. (IA pikerworldsfairg00elli) (page 4 crop).jpg|thumb|Map or "Ground Plan" in 1904]]

With more and more people interested in the city, St. Louis government and architects were primarily concerned with their ports and access to the city. The city originating as a trading post, transportation by water was important. It was becoming even more important that the port be open, but efficient for all visitors. It also needed to show off some of the city's flair and excitement, which is why in many photographs one sees photos of St. Louis' skyscrapers in the background. In addition to a functioning port, the [[Eads Bridge]] was constructed, which was considered one of St. Louis' "sights". At {{Convert|1,627|ft}} long, it connected Missouri and Illinois, and was the first large-scale application of steel as a structural material.<ref name="St. Louis and the World's fair"/> [[File:Louisiana Purchase Exposition East Lagoon.jpg|thumb|left|East Lagoon, statue of Saint Louis, Palaces of Education and Manufacture, and wireless telegraph tower.]]

As with the [[World's Columbian Exposition]] in [[Chicago]] in 1893, all but one of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition's grand, neo-Classical exhibition palaces were temporary structures, designed to last but a year or two. They were built with a material called "[[Staff (building material)|staff]]", a mixture of [[plaster|plaster of Paris]] and [[hemp]] fibers, on a wood frame. As at the Chicago World's Fair, buildings and statues deteriorated during the months of the Fair and had to be patched.{{Citation needed|date = April 2018}}

[[File:1904 World's Fair Administration Building (Brookings Hall, Washington University) seen from the southeast with the Italian Pavilion in the foreground.jpg|thumb|[[Brookings Hall]] (1902) [[Washington University in St. Louis]]]]

The Administration Building, designed by [[Cope & Stewardson]], is now [[Brookings Hall]], the defining landmark on the campus of [[Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University]]. A similar building was erected at [[Northwest Missouri State University]] founded in 1905 in [[Maryville, Missouri]]. The grounds' layout was also recreated in Maryville and now is designated as the official Missouri State Arboretum.{{Citation needed|date = April 2018}}

The Palace of Fine Art, designed by architect [[Cass Gilbert]], featured a grand interior sculpture court based on the Roman [[Baths of Caracalla]]. Standing at the top of Art Hill, it now serves as the home of the [[Saint Louis Art Museum|St. Louis Art Museum]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Architecture |url=https://www.slam.org/architecture/ |access-date=November 28, 2022 |website=Saint Louis Art Museum |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[File:1904 Flight Cage.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Flight Cage ([[Aviary]])]]

The huge bird cage at the [[Saint Louis Zoological Park]], dates to the fair. A [[St. Louis Jain temple|Jain temple]] carved out of teak stood within the Indian Pavilion near the [[Ferris Wheel (1893)|Ferris Wheel]]. It was dismantled after the exhibition and was reconstructed in Las Vegas at the [[Castaways (casino)|Castaways]] hotel. It has recently been reassembled and is now on display at the [[Jain Center of Southern California]] at Los Angeles. [[Birmingham, Alabama]]'s iconic [[cast iron]] [[Vulcan statue]] was first exhibited at the Fair in the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vulcan's Story |url=http://visitvulcan.com/about/vulcans-story/ |publisher=Vulcan Park & Museum: Birmingham, AL |access-date=August 8, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808203129/http://visitvulcan.com/about/vulcans-story/ |archive-date=August 8, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Additionally, a plaster reproduction of [[Alma Mater (New York sculpture)|''Alma Mater'']] at [[Columbia University]] by [[Daniel Chester French]] was displayed at the Grand Sculpture Court of the exhibition.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite news |title=Statue Borrowed in '04 Uncovered at Columbia| work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1950/02/22/113142089.html?pageNumber=18 |access-date=December 20, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

The Missouri State building was the largest of the state buildings, as Missouri was the host state. Though it had sections with marble floors and heating and air conditioning, it was planned to be a temporary structure. However, it burned the night of November 18–19, just eleven days before the Fair was to end. Most interior contents were destroyed, but furniture and much of the Model Library were undamaged. The fair being almost over, the building was not rebuilt. In 1909–10, the current World's Fair Pavilion in Forest Park was built on the site of the Missouri building with profits from the fair.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Francis |first1=David |title=The Universal Exposition of 1904 |year=1913 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpUhAQAAMAAJ}}</ref>

[[File:ConsoleOrgueWanamaker.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The organ's present six–[[manual (music)|manual]] console, installed in 1928.]]

Festival Hall, designed by [[Cass Gilbert]] and used for large-scale musical pageants, contained the largest [[organ (music)|organ]] in the world at the time, built by the [[Los Angeles Art Organ Company]] (which went bankrupt as a result). The great organ was debuted by the fair's official organist, [[Charles Henry Galloway]]. Though the opening concert was scheduled for the first day of the fair, complications related to its construction resulted in the opening concert being postponed until June 9. After the fair, the organ was placed into storage, and eventually purchased by [[John Wanamaker]] for his new [[Wanamaker's]] store in [[Philadelphia]] where it was tripled in size and became known as the [[Wanamaker Organ]]. The famous Bronze Eagle in the Wanamaker Store also came from the Fair. It features hundreds of hand-forged bronze feathers and was the centerpiece of one of the many German exhibits. [[Wanamaker's]] became a [[Lord & Taylor]] store and more recently, a [[Macy's]] store.<ref>https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/essays/department-stores/ . Retrieved December 3, 2022.</ref>

[[File:04Creation.JPG|thumb|right|Entrance to the exhibit "Creation" on the Pike, a spectacle portraying the first six days in the [[Book of Genesis]]. This exhibit was dismantled and moved to [[Coney Island]]'s [[Dreamland (Coney Island, 1904)|Dreamland amusement park]] at the end of the fair.<ref>Michael Immerso, Coney Island: The People's Playground, Rutgers University Press, 2002, page 73</ref>]]

Completed in 1913, the Jefferson Memorial building was built near the main entrance to the Exposition, at Lindell and DeBalivere. It was built with proceeds from the fair, to commemorate [[Thomas Jefferson]], who initiated the Louisiana Purchase, as was the first memorial to the third President. It became the headquarters of the [[Missouri History Museum]], and stored the Exposition's records and archives when the Louisiana Purchase Exposition company completed its mission. The building is now home to the Missouri History Museum, and the museum was significantly expanded in 2002–3.{{Citation needed|date = April 2018}}

The [[Maine|State of Maine Building]], which was a rustic cabin, was transported to [[Point Lookout, Missouri]] where it overlooked the [[White River (Arkansas)|White River]] by sportsmen who formed the Maine Hunting and Fishing Club. In 1915, when the main building at the [[College of the Ozarks]] in [[Forsyth, Missouri]] burned, the school relocated to Point Lookout, where the Maine building was renamed the Dobyns Building in honor of a school president. The Dobyns Building burned in 1930 and the college's signature church was built in its place. In 2004, a replica of the Maine building was built on the campus. The Keeter Center is named for another school president.

The [[observation tower]] erected by the [[Lee de Forest#American De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company|American DeForest Wireless Telegraph Company]] was brought to the Fair when it became a hazard near Niagara Falls and needed to be removed because in the wintertime, ice from the fall's mist would form on the steel structure, and eventually fall onto the buildings below. It served as a communications platform for Lee DeForest's work in wireless telegraphy and a platform to view the fair. As Niagara Falls was near Buffalo New York, it was also called the Buffalo Tower<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://earlyradiohistory.us/1904df.htm|title=De Forest Wireless Telegraphy Tower: Bulletin #1 (1904)|website=earlyradiohistory.us|access-date=September 9, 2018}}</ref> After the World's Fair, it was moved to Creve Coeur Lake to be part of that park.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stlouisco.com/Portals/8/docs/Document%20Library/parks/PDFs/ParkHistory/CreveCoeurHistory.pdf|title=Creve Coeur Park History|last=Truax|first=Mike|date=2010|website=St. Louis County, MO|access-date=October 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604161444/https://www.stlouisco.com/Portals/8/docs/Document%20Library/parks/PDFs/ParkHistory/CreveCoeurHistory.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 4, 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Swedish Pavilion - Lindsborg KS.jpg|thumb|The 1904 World's Fair Swedish Pavilion is located in Lindsborg, Kansas at the Lindsborg Old Mill & Swedish Heritage Museum.]]

The [[Swedish Pavilion]] is still preserved in [[Lindsborg, Kansas]]. Designed by Swedish architect [[Ferdinand Boberg]], it is the only one of his international exposition buildings in existence today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exhibits – Lindsborg Old Mill & Swedish Heritage Museum |url=https://www.oldmillmuseum.org/exhibits/ |access-date=September 7, 2023}}</ref> After the fair, the Pavilion was moved to [[Bethany College (Kansas)|Bethany College]] in Lindsborg, where it was used for classroom, library, museum and department facilities for the art department. In 1969, it was moved to the [[Smoky Valley Roller Mills|Lindsborg Old Mill & Swedish Heritage Museum]] where it serves as a venue for community events. The Pavilion was added to the [[National Historic Register]] in 1973.

[[Westinghouse Electric (1886)|Westinghouse Electric]] sponsored the Westinghouse Auditorium, where they showed films of Westinghouse factories and products.<ref name="WDL">{{cite web|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9565/|title=Steam Hammer, Westinghouse Works, 1904|website=[[World Digital Library]] |date=May 1904|access-date=July 28, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014134512/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9565/|archive-date=October 14, 2013}}</ref>

Some mansions from the Exposition's era survive along Lindell Boulevard at the north border of Forest Park.{{cn|date=February 2024}}

===Introduction of new foods===
A number of foods are claimed to have been invented at the fair. The most popular claim is that of the waffle-style [[ice cream cone]]. However, its popularization, not invention, is widely believed to have taken place here.<ref>{{cite web|last=Stradley|first=Linda |url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/IceCream/IceCreamCone.htm |title=History of Ice Cream Cone |publisher=What's Cooking America |access-date=May 13, 2008 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509190148/http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/IceCream/IceCreamCone.htm |archive-date=May 9, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Weir |first=Robert |url=http://www.historicfood.com/Ice%20Cream%20Cone.htm |title=An 1807 Ice Cream Cone: Discovery and Evidence |publisher=Historic Food |access-date=May 13, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517100822/http://www.historicfood.com/Ice%20Cream%20Cone.htm|archive-date=May 17, 2008}}</ref> Dubious claims include the [[hamburger]] and [[hot dog]] (both traditional American and European foods of German origin), [[peanut butter]], [[iced tea]],<ref>Vaccaro, Pamela. 2004. Beyond the ice cream cone: the whole scoop on food at the 1904 World's Fair. St. Louis: Enid Press.</ref> and [[cotton candy]]. Again, popularization is more likely. [[Dr Pepper#Overview and history|Dr Pepper]] and [[Puffed Wheat]] cereal were introduced to a national audience. Freeborn [[Annie Fisher]] received a gold medal for her [[beaten biscuits]] famous in her hometown of [[Columbia, Missouri]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pubhtml5.com/fcrm/dgwq/basic |title=Columbia's Historic Sharp End 2015 |work=Columbia Daily Tribune |last=Keller |first=Rudi |date=May 19, 2015 |via=PubHTML5 |access-date=April 29, 2018}}</ref> President [[William Howard Taft]] enjoyed them on his 1911 visit to Missouri.

Though not the debut of as many foods as claimed, the fair offered what was essentially America's first food court. Visitors sampled a variety of fast foods, dined in dozens of restaurants, and strolled through the mile-long pike. As one historian said of the fair, "one could breakfast in France, take a mid-morning snack in the Philippines, lunch in Italy, and dine in Japan."<ref>{{cite web |title=Treat Me In St. Louis|website=The Attic|url=https://www.theattic.space/home-page-blogs/2018/11/23/treat-me-in-st-louis|access-date=December 4, 2018 |url-status=dead|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308192813/https://www.theattic.space/home-page-blogs/2018/11/23/treat-me-in-st-louis}}</ref>

===Influence on popular music and literature===
The fair inspired the song "[[Meet Me in St. Louis, Louis]]", which was recorded by many artists, including [[Billy Murray (singer)|Billy Murray]]. Both the fair and the song are focal points of the 1944 feature film ''[[Meet Me in St. Louis]]'' starring [[Judy Garland]], which also inspired a [[Meet Me in St. Louis (musical)|Broadway musical version]]. [[Scott Joplin]] wrote the rag "Cascades" in honor of the elaborate waterfalls in front of Festival Hall.

A book entitled ''Wild Song'', by [[Candy Gourlay]], was inspired by the Louisiana Purchase.<ref>Wild Song, (David Fickling Books, 2013), reviewed on Book Trust. https://www.booktrust.org.uk/book/w/wild-song2/ accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>

===People on display===
[[File:Philippine Exposition at World's Fair St. Louis 1904.jpg|thumb|Advertisement for human exhibits from the Philippine Islands at the World's Fair, St. Louis, 1904]]
[[File:"Indian girls dressed for a ball game, U.S. Government Indian exhibit." (Fort Shaw Indian School basketball team) 1904 World's Fair.jpg|thumb|"Indian girls dressed for a ball game, U.S. Government Indian exhibit."]]
[[File:Igorrotes at Hagenbeck's.jpg|thumb|Image of the Igorot attraction at the 1904 World's Fair]]

Following the [[Spanish–American War]], the [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|peace treaty]] granted the [[United States]] control over [[Guam]], the [[Philippines]], and [[Puerto Rico]]. Puerto Rico had had a quasi-autonomous government as an "overseas province" of Spain, and the Philippines, having declared independence after the 1896–1899 [[Philippine Revolution]], fought US annexation in the 1899–1902 [[Philippine–American War]]. These areas controversially became [[Territories of the United States#Incorporated vs. unincorporated territories|unincorporated territories of the United States]] in 1899, and people were brought from these territories to be on "display" at the 1904 fair.
[[File:"A Civilized Visayan." (Philippine Reservation in the Department of Anthropology exhibit at the 1904 World's Fair). - DPLA - 48f10dffdf340d3c9283922fcd44b179.jpg|left|thumb|'''"A Civilized Visayan." (Philippine Reservation in the Department of Anthropology exhibit at the 1904 World's Fair), 1904.'''|alt=From the Missouri Historical Society]]
The fair displayed 1,102 [[Filipinos]], 700 of them [[Philippine Scouts]] and [[Philippine Constabulary]], used for controlling conflict among Filipinos and between Filipinos and fair organizers. Displays included the [[Apache]] of the [[Southwestern United States|American Southwest]] and the [[Igorot people|Igorots]] of the Philippines, both of which peoples were noted as "primitive".<ref name="Zwick">{{cite web|title=Remembering St. Louis, 1904: A World on Display and Bontoc Eulogy|publisher=[[Syracuse University]]|author=Zwick, Jim|date=March 4, 1996|access-date=May 25, 2007|url-status=dead |url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610034510/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html|archive-date=June 10, 2007}}</ref> Within the Philippine reservation, was a school which was actively teaching Igorot students.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Love |first=Robertus |date=May 1904 |title=Filipino School at World's Fair |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BgZRAQAAMAAJ&q=Miss+Zamora+st+louis+filipino&pg=PA422 |magazine=The School News and Practical Educator |access-date=March 3, 2020 }}</ref> At least two [[Moro people|Moros]] were photographed while praying at the fair.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://mohistory.org/collections/item/N37098|title="WORSHIPPING MOHAMID (SIC)." (MUSLIMS AT PRAYER). (TAKEN DURING THE 1904 WORLD'S FAIR).|date=1904|publisher=Gerhard Sisters Studio|location=Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904 : Saint Louis, Mo.)|id=N37098}}</ref> The Philippine reservation at the exposition cost $1.1 million (equivalent to ${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|1100000|1904}}}} in {{inflation/year|US}}){{inflation/fn|US}} to create and operate.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Kennedy |first=Richard |date=1998 |title=Rethinking the Philippine Exhibit at the 1904 St. Louis World's fair |url=https://folklife-media.si.edu/docs/festival/program-book-articles/FESTBK1998_14.pdf |magazine=Smithsonian Folklife Festival |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=March 3, 2020 }}</ref> The people had been trafficked under harsh conditions, and many did not survive. Burial plots in two St. Louis cemeteries were prepared in advance. However, traditional burial practices were not allowed.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 16, 2021|title=1904 World's Fair Revised: One Artist Memorializes Filipino And Indigenous People |website=St. Louis Public Radio |url=https://news.stlpublicradio.org/2021-05-16/1904-worlds-fair-revised-one-artist-memorializes-filipino-and-indigenous-people |access-date=May 18, 2021|language=en}}</ref> Some of the people to be exhibited died en route or at the fair and their bodies were immediately removed. Funeral rites had to be conducted without the bodies in front of an oblivious public audience of fair attendees. Organizers choreographed ethnographic displays, having customs which marked special occasions restaged day after day.<ref name="Zwick" />

Similarly, members of the Southeast Alaskan [[Tlingit]] tribe accompanied fourteen [[totem pole]]s, two Native houses, and a canoe displayed at the Alaska Exhibit.<ref name="Patrick">{{cite book| title=The Most Striking of Objects: The Totem Poles of Sitka National Historical Park|publisher=United States Department of Interior|author=Patrick, Andrew| year=2009|pages=75–93}}</ref><ref name="Harris" /> [[Mary Knight Benson]], a noted [[Pomo]] basket weaver whose work is curated at the Smithsonian Institution and [[National Museum of the American Indian]], attended to demonstrate her basket making skills which are described as astounding.<ref>{{cite book| last = Bibby| first = Brian| year = 2012| title = Essential Art: Native Basketry from the California Indian Heritage Center| publisher = Heydey Books| location = Berkeley| isbn = 978-0-930588-80-9}}</ref> Athletic events such as a basketball tournament were held to demonstrate the success of the [[American Indian boarding schools|Indian Boarding Schools]] and other assimilation programs.<ref>Parezo, Nancy J. "A "Special Olympics": Testing Racial Strength and Endurance at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition". In Brownell, Susan (ed.). ''The 1904 Anthropology Days and Olympic Games''.</ref> These efforts were confirmed with the [[Fort Shaw Indian School Girls Basketball Team|Fort Shaw Indian School girls basketball team]] who were declared "World Champions" after beating every team who faced them in these denominational games.<ref>Peavy, Linda; Smith, Ursula (2008). ""Leav[ing] the White[s] ... Far Behind Them": The Girls from Fort Shaw (Montana) Indian School, Basketball Champions of the 1904 World's Fair". In Brownell, Susan (ed.). ''The 1904 Anthropology Days and Olympic Games: Sport, Race, and American Imperialism''. Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. {{ISBN|9780803210981}}.</ref>

It has been argued that the "overriding purpose of the fair really centered on an effort to promote America's new role as an overseas imperial power", and that "While the juxtaposition of "modern" and "primitive" buttressed assumptions of racial superiority, representations of Native American and Filipino life created an impression of continuity between westward expansion across the continent and the new overseas empire."<ref name="Zwick"/> [[Racializing]] concepts and epithets used domestically were extended to the people of the overseas territories.<ref name="Empire">{{cite web|title=Savage Acts: Wars, Fairs and Empire|publisher=[[Syracuse University]]|author=Zwick, Jim|date=November 7, 1995|url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610034510/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html|archive-date=June 10, 2007|access-date=May 25, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Zwick"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2019/09/the-1904-st-louis-worlds-fair-photos/597658/|title=The 1904 St. Louis World's Fair: Photos – The Atlantic|last=Taylor|first=Alan|website=theatlantic.com|language=en|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref>

[[Ota Benga]], a Congolese Pygmy, was featured at the fair. Later he was held captive at the [[Bronx Zoo]] in New York, then featured in an exhibit on evolution alongside an [[orangutan]] in 1906, but public protest ended that.

In contrast, the [[Japan]] pavilion advanced the idea of a [[Japanese Culture|modern yet exotic culture]] unfamiliar to the turn-of-the-century Western world,<ref name="Zwick" /> much as it had during the earlier [[World's Columbian Exposition|Chicago World's Fair]].<ref name="Harris">{{cite journal |last=Harris |first=Neil |title=All the World a Melting Pot? Japan at American Fairs, 1876–1904 |journal=Mutual Images: Essays in American Japanese Relations |year=1975 |pages=24–54 |editor1-first=Akira |editor1-last=Iriye |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |quote=Japanese exhibit, staged during the Russo-Japanese War, ... presented a modern country that had fundamentally different traditions and concepts than the Western (and Christian) countries fair-goers identified with modernity. |url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html |access-date=May 25, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610034510/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/Bontoc.html |archive-date=June 10, 2007}}</ref> The Japanese government spent lavishly: $400,000, plus $50,000 from the Japanese colonial government of [[Republic of Formosa|Formosa]], with an additional $250,000 coming from Japanese commercial interests and regional governments; all told, this totaled $700,000 (equivalent to ${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|700000|1904}}}} in {{inflation/year|US}}){{inflation/fn|US}}. A {{convert|150,000|ft2|adj=on}} garden, set on the hillside south of the Machinery Hall and Engine House, featured a replica of Kyoto's famous [[Kinkakuji]], showing Japan's ancient sophistication, and a [[Formosa]] Mansion and Tea House, showing her modern colonial efforts.<ref>Hajime Hoshi, ''Handbook of Japan and Japanese Exhibits at World's Fair'' (St. Louis: Hajime Hoshi, 1904), 112.[https://archive.org/details/handbookjapanan00unkngoog/page/n118/mode/2up]</ref> A second exhibition, "Fair Japan on the 'Pike'", organized by [[Kushibiki Yumindo|Kushibiki and Arai]], welcomed the public through a large [[Niōmon]]-style gate into a realm of geisha-staffed exotic Japanese consumerism.<ref>Hoshi, ''Handbook of Japan and Japanese Exhibits at World's Fair'', 125.[https://archive.org/details/handbookjapanan00unkngoog/page/n130/mode/2up] Hoshi also claimed the original gate had been "erected about 300 years ago ... in the Province of [[Hitachi, Ibaraki|Hidachi]] by Lord [[Satake clan|Satake]] Giobu-Tayu in memory of his father."</ref>

In 2025, a historical marker was placed in the [[Wydown/Skinker, St. Louis|Wydown-Skinker]] neighborhood to commemorate the location of the Philippine Village, following years of advocacy by [[Filipino Americans|Filipino American]] artist Janna Añonuevo Langholz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmad |first=Hiba |date=2025-04-18 |title=A new historical marker in Clayton remembers the tragic history of the Philippine Village |url=https://www.stlpr.org/news-briefs/2025-04-18/historical-marker-clayton-philippine-village-worlds-fair |access-date=2025-04-22 |website=STLPR |language=en}}</ref>

===Exhibits===
After the fair was completed, many of the international exhibits were not returned to their country of origin, but were dispersed to museums in the United States. For example, the Philippine exhibits were acquired by the [[Iowa Museum of Natural History|Museum of Natural History]] at the [[University of Iowa]]. The [[Vulcan statue]] is today a prominent feature of the Vulcan Park and Museum in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], where it was originally cast.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vulcan Statue and Vulcan Park |url=http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-1557 |access-date=November 5, 2022 |website=Encyclopedia of Alabama |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Natural History exhibit with a blue whale skeleton and model Wellcome V0038342.jpg|alt=Natural History exhibit at the 1904 World's Fair, St. Louis, featuring a blue whale model and a dinosaur skeleton|thumb|Natural History exhibit at the 1904 World's Fair, St. Louis.]]

The [[Smithsonian Institution]] coordinated the US government exhibits. It featured a blue whale, the first full-cast of a [[blue whale]] ever created.<ref>[http://www.mnh.si.edu/onehundredyears/profiles/Whales_SI.html "History of Smithsonian Whale Exhibits"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924092743/http://www.mnh.si.edu/onehundredyears/profiles/Whales_SI.html|date=September 24, 2011}}, National Museum of Natural History</ref>

The Fair also featured the original "Floatopia". Visitors floated on rafts of all sorts in the tiny Forest Park Lake. Many Floatopias have occurred since, including the infamous San Diego Floatopia of '83 and the Santa Barbara Floatopia that has been happening for years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=Deltopia in full-throttle with record-level citations, massive crowds {{!}} The Daily Nexus |url=https://dailynexus.com/2024-04-10/deltopia-in-full-throttle-with-record-level-citations-and-massive-crowds/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=The Daily Nexus {{!}} The University of California, Santa Barbara's independent, student-run newspaper. |language=en}}</ref>

One exhibit of note was [[Beautiful Jim Key]], the "educated" Arabian-Hambletonian cross horse in his Silver Horseshoe Pavilion. He was owned by Dr. William Key, an African-American/Native American former slave, who became a respected self-taught veterinarian, and promoted by Albert R. Rogers, who had Jim and Dr. Key on tour for years around the US, helping to establish a humane movement that encouraged people to think of animals as having feelings and thoughts, and not just "brutes". Jim and Dr. Key became national celebrities along the way. Rogers invented highly successful marketing strategies still in use today. Jim Key could add, subtract, use a cash register, spell with blocks, tell time and give opinions on the politics of the day by shaking his head yes or no. Jim thoroughly enjoyed his "act"—he performed more than just tricks and appeared to clearly understand what was going on. Dr. Key's motto was that Jim "was taught by kindness" instead of the whip, which he was indeed.<ref>Rivas, Mim Eichler, "Beautiful Jim Key: The Lost History of a Horse and a Man Who Changed the World," 1st ed, HarperCollins, 2006</ref>

[[Daisy E. Nirdlinger]]'s book, ''Althea, or, the children of Rosemont plantation'' (illustrated by Egbert Cadmus (1868–1939)) was adopted by the Commissioners of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition as the official souvenir for young people.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=Anne |title=Notable women of St. Louis, 1914 |date=1914 |publisher=St. Louis, Woodward |page=[https://archive.org/details/notablewomenofst00john/page/169 169] |url=https://archive.org/details/notablewomenofst00john}}{{PD-notice}}</ref>