Editing London Borough of Newham (section)

===Ethnicities===
[[File:Population pyramid of Newham by ethnicity in 2021.svg|thumb|250x250px|Population pyramid of Newham by ethnicity in 2021]]
[[File:Ethnic makeup of Newham in single year age groups.svg|thumb|249x249px|Ethnic makeup of Newham in single year age groups in 2021]]
[[File:UK born and foreign born population pyramid in Newham in 2021.svg|thumb|248x248px|UK born and foreign born population pyramid in Newham in 2021. Males and females representing the UK born population while foreign males and females representing the foreign born population.]]
Newham has the youngest overall population and one of the lowest [[White British]] populations in the country according to the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 UK Census]]. At 32%, the borough has the second-highest percentage of [[Islam in the United Kingdom|Muslims in the UK]], after the neighbouring [[London Borough of Tower Hamlets]]. A 2017 report from [[Trust for London]] and the [[New Policy Institute]] found that 36% of local employees in Newham are in low paid work; the highest percentage of any London borough. Newham also has a 37% poverty rate, which is the second-highest rate in London.<ref>{{cite web |title=London's Poverty Profile |url=https://www.trustforlondon.org.uk/data/boroughs/newham-poverty-and-inequality-indicators/ |website=Trust for London |access-date=3 July 2018}}</ref>

Newham is very ethnically diverse. When using Simpson's Diversity Index on 10 aggregated ethnic groups, the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 UK Census]] identified Newham as the most [[List of English districts and their ethnic composition|ethnically diverse]] district in England and Wales, with 9 wards in the top 15.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/publications/factsandfigures/dmag-briefing-2006-2.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925182727/http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/publications/factsandfigures/dmag-briefing-2006-2.pdf|archivedate=2009-09-25|title=Simpson's diversity indices by ward 1991 and 2001|author=GLA Data Management and Analysis Group|page=11, Table 3 |date=January 2006 }} Greater London Authority, January 2006), accessed 13 December 2006</ref> However, when using the 16 ethnic categories in the Census so that White [[Irish people|Irish]] and [[White Other]] ethnic minorities are also included in the analysis, Newham becomes the second-most ethnically diverse borough<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newham.info/research/focus_newham_2006.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070913170915/http://www.newham.info/research/focus_newham_2006.htm|url-status=dead|title=:: Newham – Focus on Newham ::|date=13 September 2007|archive-date=13 September 2007}}</ref> with six out of the top 15 wards, behind [[London Borough of Brent|Brent]] with 7 out of the top 15 wards.

Newham has the lowest percentage of both total White and White British residents of all of London's boroughs.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21511904|title=Why have the white British left London?|last=Easton|first=Mark|date=20 February 2013|work=BBC News|access-date=25 January 2020|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/9888310/Lets-talk-about-the-exodus-of-600000-whites-from-London.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/9888310/Lets-talk-about-the-exodus-of-600000-whites-from-London.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Let's talk about the exodus of 600,000 whites from London|last=Archer|first=Graeme|date=22 February 2013|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=25 January 2020|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The joint-lowest wards with White British population are Green Street East and Green Street West, each having 4.8% – the third-lowest behind Southall Broadway and Southall Green in [[London Borough of Ealing|Ealing]]. East Ham North follows closely, at 4.9%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://britishdemocraticparty.org/the-ethnic-cleansing-of-london-part-2/ |title=The Ethnic Cleansing of London (Part 2) – British Democrats &#124; British Democrats |website=Britishdemocraticparty.org |date=31 January 2013 |access-date=3 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730223021/http://britishdemocraticparty.org/the-ethnic-cleansing-of-london-part-2/ |archive-date=30 July 2017 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

As of the 2021 UK census, people of "Bangladeshi" ethnicity are the largest single group in the borough at 15.9%. "White British" are the second largest group at 14.8%, with "White Other" third largest at 14.6%, "African" fourth largest at 11.6%, "Indian" next largest at 11% and then "Pakistani" at 8.9%. Newham has had a large Asian community for many decades; more than half of Newham's Upton and Kensington wards were of ethnic minority origin in 1981.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=daGK2h9XJgwC&pg=PP29|title = Race and Politics|isbn = 9781135026172|last1 = Anwar|first1 = Muhammad|date = 15 April 2013| publisher=Routledge }}</ref> The nationality to increase the most in number since 1991 is the Bangladeshi community.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census/local/CoDE-Newham-Geographies-Of-Diversity-Census-Briefing.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002635/http://www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census/local/CoDE-Newham-Geographies-Of-Diversity-Census-Briefing.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=live |title=Revised document links &#124; Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity |website=Ethnicity.ac.uk |access-date=3 December 2016 }}</ref> Newham has the largest total population of Asian origin in London; it is notably a borough with high populations of all three largest British Asian nationalities, having the 5th highest Indian population in London and the 2nd highest each for both Pakistani and Bangladeshi.<ref name=EthnicPop2011>{{cite journal | title = Ethnic Groups in London | journal = Census Update | publisher = Office for National Statistics | volume = 2011 | url = http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls | page =1 | date = 11 December 2012 | access-date = 12 December 2011 }}</ref>

Newham has 1,340 residents who were born in Ukraine, the highest population of Ukrainians in the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalworld.com/news/ukrainians-living-in-england-which-council-areas-have-the-highest-population-of-people-born-in-ukraine-3596527 |title=Ukrainians living in England: which council areas have the highest population of people born in Ukraine?|publisher=National World |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Ethnic Group
! colspan="2" |1971 estimations<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tim Butler |first=Chris Hamnett |title=Ethnicity, class and aspiration |url=https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/ethnicity-class-and-aspiration |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Policy Press |page=66}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1981 estimations<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=1991 census – theme tables |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx |access-date=20 January 2017 |publisher=NOMIS |archive-date=30 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930205650/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
!colspan="2"|2001 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/home/census2001.asp |title=Census 2001 tables |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=13 February 2016}}</ref>
!colspan="2"|2011 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS201EW/view/1946157255?cols=measures |title=Ethnic Group by measures |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=13 February 2016}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2021 census<ref>{{cite web |title=Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021 |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/ethnicity/bulletins/ethnicgroupenglandandwales/census2021 |website=Office for National Statistics |publisher=UK Government |access-date=6 December 2022|date = 29 November 2022}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%

!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total 
!–
!89.1%
!141,043
!69%
!126,708
!57.3%!! 96,130 !! 39.42% !! 89,216 !! 28.97%!! 107,947 !! 30.8%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|British]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 82,390 || 33.78% || 51,516 || 16.73%|| 51,819 || 14.8% 
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Irish|Irish]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 3,231|| 1.32% || 2,172 || 0.71%|| 2,039 || 0.6%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| 462|| 0.15%|| 353|| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Romanichal|Roma]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| –|| –|| 2,342|| 0.7%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Other White|Other]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 10,509|| 4.31% || 35,066|| 11.39%|| 51,394|| 14.6%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total  
!–
!–
!38,203
!18.7%
!59,257
!26.8%!! 81,651 !! 33.48% !! 133,895 !! 43.47%!!  148,187 !! 42.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Indians|Indian]]
|–
|–
|22,259
|
|29,105
| || 29,597|| 12.14% || 42,484 || 13.79%|| 38,642 || 11.0%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani]]
|–
|–
|9,214
|
|13,162
| || 20,644|| 8.46% || 30,307|| 9.84%|| 31,216|| 8.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]]
|–
|–
|3,019
|
|8,550
| || 21,458|| 8.80% || 37,262|| 12.10%|| 55,677|| 15.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|–
|–
|1,109
|
|1,803
| || 2,349|| 0.96% || 3,930|| 1.28%|| 6,213|| 1.8%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 
|–
|–
|2,602
|
|6,637
| || 7,603|| 3.12% || 19,912|| 6.47%|| 16,439|| 4.7%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total 
!–
!–
!23,046
!11.3%
!32,214
!14.6%!! 52,653 !! 21.59% !! 60,256 !! 19.56% !!  61,302 !! 17.4% 
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]]
|–
|–
|6,686
|
|12,639
| || 31,982|| 13.11% || 37,811|| 12.28%|| 40,874|| 11.6%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|–
|–
|13,528
|
|16,015
| || 17,931|| 7.35% || 15,050|| 4.89%|| 13,586|| 3.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom|Other Black]]
|–
|–
|2,832
|
|3,560
| || 2,740|| 1.12% || 7,395|| 2.40%|| 6,842|| 1.9%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total 
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–!! 8,248 !! 3.38% !! 13,945 !! 4.53%!!  16,419 !! 4.6%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 2,986|| 1.22% || 3,957|| 1.28%|| 4,253|| 1.2%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black African 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,657|| 0.68% || 3,319|| 1.08%|| 3,317|| 0.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,652|| 0.68% || 2,677|| 0.87%|| 3,324|| 0.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,953|| 0.80% || 3,992|| 1.30%|| 5,525|| 1.6%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Other: Total 
!–
!–
!2,108
!
!3,121
! !! 5,209 !! 2.14% !! 10,672 !! 3.47%!!  17,175 !! 4.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| 3,523|| 1.14%|| 3,534|| 1.0%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Any other ethnic group 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 5,209|| 2.14%|| 7,149|| 2.32%|| 13,641|| 3.9%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Ethnic minority: Total 
!–
!10.9%
!63,397
!31%
!94,592
!42.7%!! 147,761 !! 60.58% !! 218,768 !! 71.03%!!  246,617 !! 69.2%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Total 
!–
!100%
!204,440 
!100%
!221,300
!100%!! 243,891 !! 100% !! 307,984 !! 100%!!  351,030 !! 100%
|}