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List of Serbian monarchs
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===Magnate provinces=== {{further|Fall of the Serbian Empire}} {|class="wikitable" align="right" | |- |[[File:Coat of arms of Moravian Serbia.svg|100px]] || [[File:Mrnjavcevic - Illyrian Coat of arms.png|80px]] || [[File:Zegligovic Coat of Arms.png|80px]] || [[File:CoatOfArmsOfJovanStefanovicBrankovic.png|100px]] || [[File:VojinoviÄ coat of arms.png|100px]] || [[File:CoatOfArmsOfTheBalsics.png|70px]] || [[File:Coat of Arms of the Chernoyevitch dynasty.jpg|70px]] |- ! [[LazareviÄ dynasty|LazareviÄ]] || [[House of MrnjavÄeviÄ|MrnjavÄeviÄ]] || [[DejanoviÄ noble family|DejanoviÄ]] || [[BrankoviÄ dynasty|BrankoviÄ]] || [[VojinoviÄ noble family|VojinoviÄ]] || [[BalÅ”iÄ noble family|BalÅ”iÄ]] || [[CrnojeviÄ noble family|CrnojeviÄ]] |- |} The crumbling [[Serbian Empire]] under [[Stefan UroÅ” V]] (called "the Weak") was to be of little resistance to the powerful Ottoman Empire. In light of conflicts and decentralization of the realm, the Ottomans defeated the Serbs at the [[Battle of Maritsa]] in 1371, making vassals of the southern governors, soon thereafter, the Emperor died. As UroÅ” was childless and the nobility could not agree on the rightful heir, the Empire was ruled by semi-independent provincial lords, who often were in feuds with each other. The most powerful of these, [[Tsar Lazar]], a Duke of present-day central Serbia (which had not yet come under the Ottoman yoke), stood against the Ottomans at the [[Battle of Kosovo]] in 1389. The result was indecisive, but it resulted in the subsequent fall of Serbia. The administration was divided in the following: *''[[Moravian Serbia]]'': Lazar, a nobleman and close friend of the NemanjiÄ, would govern modern Central Serbia. He married [[Milica of Serbia|Milica]], a descendant of Stefan Nemanja's eldest son [[Vukan NemanjiÄ|Vukan]]. He held the title of Lord during the Empire, and Prince after the death of UroÅ” V. He had a son, Stefan, who would succeed as Prince, and in 1402 he was given the title ''[[Despot (court title)|despot]]'' (hence "Serbian Despotate"). *''[[District of BrankoviÄ]]'': [[Vuk BrankoviÄ]], the son of Ohrid deputy Branko, would govern Sjenica, Kosovo and Skopje under the suzerainty of Lazar. He had a son, [[ÄuraÄ BrankoviÄ]], who would succeed Despot Stefan. Their province continues as part of the Serbian Despotate. *''District of AltomanoviÄ'': [[Nikola AltomanoviÄ]] ruled the areas from [[Rudnik (mountain)|Rudnik]], over [[Polimlje]], [[Podrinje]], east [[Herzegovina]] with [[Trebinje]], reaching as far as [[Konavle]] and [[Herceg-Novi|DraÄevica]], neighboring the [[Republic of Dubrovnik]]. He was defeated and blinded in [[Užice]] ([[fortress Užice]]) in 1373 by a coalition of his Serbian and Bosnian royals neighbors supported by the [[king of Hungary]]. *''[[Lordship of Zeta]]'': BalÅ”a, a nobleman and distant relative of the NemanjiÄ, held only one town during DuÅ”an, and during UroÅ” V, he is recognized as "provincial lord" holding Zeta region. He is succeeded by ÄuraÄ, who ruled independently and was in rivalry with Marko. ÄuraÄ II recognizes the overlordship of Lazar in 1386. The BalÅ”iÄ continue ruling Lower Zeta, while in Upper Zeta, [[RadiÄ CrnojeviÄ]] take the rule, and by 1421 CrnojeviÄ held all Zeta under the Serbian Despotate. (see [[List of rulers of Zeta]]) *''[[Lordship of Prilep]]'': [[VukaÅ”in MrnjavÄeviÄ|King VukaÅ”in]], a nobleman and close friend of UroÅ” V, would govern most of the [[Macedonia region]]. He held the title of Lord during DuÅ”an, and under UroÅ” V, he was crowned King as [subordinate] co-ruler in 1365. VukaÅ”in ruled as "Lord of the Serbian and Greek lands, and of the western provinces." He was succeeded by [[Prince Marko]], who became an Ottoman vassal. Their province is annexed by 1395. *''[[Domain of the DejanoviÄ family]]'': [[Dejan (magnate)|Dejan]], a [[sebastokrator]] and brother-in-law of DuÅ”an, would govern eastern regions from Kumanovo to Kyustendil. His sons, despot [[Jovan DragaÅ”]] and lord [[Constantine DragaÅ”]] inherited his domain and become Ottoman vassals in 1371. Their domain was annexed in 1395. {| class="wikitable" |- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | [[Moravian Serbia]] / [[Serbian Despotate]] ([[LazareviÄ dynasty|LazareviÄ]]) |-- |[[File:Prince Lazar (Ravanica Monastery).jpg|80px]]||<sup>Lord, Prince</sup><br>[[Lazar of Serbia|Lazar HrebeljanoviÄ]]<br><small>''Tsar Lazar''</small> || 1371–1389 || None || After UroÅ” V died, the last of the NemanjiÄ emperors, through a combination of diplomacy, military action, and family alliances, Lazar emerged from the resulting power vacuum as the most powerful Serbian noble not in the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]]' service. He acquired dynastic legitimacy by marrying [[Milica NemanjiÄ]], and despite retaining only the minor title of [[Knez (title)|knez]] ("prince"), he nevertheless used the imperial name of 'Stefan' as well as the designation "[[autocrator]]". Lazar spent his time strengthening the Serbian state, knowing fully well that he would eventually have to face the Ottoman threat. He unified most of Serbia under his rule and managed to gain the loyalty of a majority of the Serbs. He also ceded the title "King of Serbs" to King [[Tvrtko I of Bosnia]] (great-grandson of [[UroÅ” the Great]]). His first major military action was at the [[Battle of Dubravnica]] where his two subjects, Crep and Vladimir managed to decisively defeat an Ottoman army in southern Serbia. No further recorded hostilities took place until the [[Battle of PloÄnik]] where Knez Lazar managed to crush an Ottoman force and drive them back to [[NiÅ”]]. Serbian troops also took part in the [[Battle of BileÄa]] where again he defeated the Turks. Lazar was killed during the 1389 [[Battle of Kosovo]] along with most of Serbia's political elite. |-- |[[File:Stefan Lazarevic-freska.JPG|80px]]||<sup>Despote<br>āPrince</sup><br>[[Stefan LazareviÄ]]<br><small>''Stefan the Tall''</small>|| 1389–1427 || Ottoman 1391–1404----Hungarian 1404–1427 || Son of Lazar. In 1391, Serbia became an Ottoman vassal, so Stefan was obliged to aid the Ottoman sultan in battles when asked. He did so in the [[Battle of Rovine]] in May 1395 against the [[Wallachia]]n prince [[Mircea I of Wallachia|Mircea I]] and the [[Battle of Nicopolis]] in 1396 against the Hungarian king [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund]]. After that, Sultan Bayezid awarded Stefan with the [[Vuk BrankoviÄ]]'s land on Kosovo, as BrankoviÄ sided with the Hungarian king at Nicopolis. When [[Mongols]] entered the Ottoman realm, Stefan LazareviÄ participated in the [[Battle of Angora]] in 1402 when Ottomans were defeated and sultan Bayezid was captured. Returning to Serbia, Stefan visited [[Constantinople]] where the [[Byzantine Emperor]] [[Manuel II Palaiologos]] granted him the title of [[Despot (court title)|despot]]. In previous years, title would mean that the despot would rule some vassal state, but as the Byzantine Empire was too weak to assert such a rule and Serbia was not its vassal state, Stefan LazareviÄ took this title as the personal style of the Serbian monarchs, thus the Principality of Serbia became the Serbian Despotate. |- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | [[Lordship of Prilep]] ([[House of MrnjavÄeviÄ|MrnjavÄeviÄ]]) |-- |[[File:Marko Mrnjavcevic.JPG|80px]]||<sup>King</sup><br>[[Prince Marko|Marko MrnjavÄeviÄ]]<br><small>''Prince Marko''</small> || 1371ā1395 || Ottoman || Son of VukaÅ”in. Killed in the [[Battle of Rovine]]. |- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | [[Domain of the DejanoviÄ family|Lordship of the DejanoviÄ family]] ([[DejanoviÄ noble family|DejanoviÄ]]) |-- |[[File:Unknown nobleman, BeluÄa Monastery.jpg|80px]]||<sup>Despot</sup><br>[[Jovan DragaÅ”|Jovan DragaÅ” DejanoviÄ]] || 1371–1378 || Ottoman || |-- |[[File:Konstantin DejanoviÄ, Kera-Tamara, Kerica, Desislava.jpg|80px]]||<sup>Lord</sup><br>[[Konstantin DragaÅ” DejanoviÄ]] || 1378ā1395 || Ottoman || Killed in the [[Battle of Rovine]]. |- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | District of AltomanoviÄ ([[VojinoviÄ noble family|VojinoviÄ]]) |-- | ||<sup>Grand Župan</sup><br>[[Nikola AltomanoviÄ]] || 1371ā1373 || || Defeated and blinded in [[Užice]] in 1373 by a coalition of his Serbian and Bosnian royals neighbors. |- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | [[Zeta under the BalÅ”iÄi|Lordship of Zeta under the BalÅ”iÄ family]] ([[BalÅ”iÄ noble family|BalÅ”iÄ]]) |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[ÄuraÄ I]] || 1371ā1378 || || |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[BalÅ”a II]] || 1378ā1385 || || {{center|<small>'''Note:''' Lords of [[Principality of Valona|Valona and Kanina]] broke away from Zeta as independent rulers:</small>}} {|class="wikitable" align=center |-- |<sup>Lord</sup><br>[[MrkÅ”a ŽarkoviÄ]] || 1396ā1414 || Son-in-law of BalÅ”a II. |-- |<sup>Lady</sup><br>[[RuÄina BalÅ”iÄ]] || 1414ā1417 || Daughter of BalÅ”a II. |} |-- ||| <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[ÄuraÄ II]] || 1385ā1403 || || |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[BalÅ”a III]] || 1403ā1421 || || |-- !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Picture !style=background:#FFDEAD; | <sup>Title</sup>Name !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Reign !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Overlordship !style=background:#FFDEAD; | Notes |-- !style=background:lightblue; colspan=5 | [[Zeta under the CrnojeviÄi|Lordship of Zeta under the CrnojeviÄ family]] ([[CrnojeviÄ noble family|CrnojeviÄ]]) |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[Stefan CrnojeviÄ|Stefan]]<br><small>''Stefanica''</small> || 1451ā1465 || || |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br> [[Ivan CrnojeviÄ|Ivan]]<br><small>''Ivan the Black''</small> || 1465ā1490 || || |-- | || <sup>Lord</sup><br>[[ÄuraÄ CrnojeviÄ|ÄuraÄ]] || 1490ā1496 || || |-- | colspan=5 |{{center|<small>'''Note:''' </small>}} [[Zeta under the CrnojeviÄi]] is conquered by the [[Ottoman Empire]]. The [[List of princes of Zeta|Zetan nobility]] enters the service of the [[Ottoman Empire]] (titular lord of Zeta). |-- | ||[[Stefan II CrnojeviÄ|Stefan II]]|| 1496ā1499 || nominal ruler under Ottoman suzerainty || Younger brother of ÄuraÄ. Imprisoned by the Ottomans in 1499. |}
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