Editing Leninism (section)

=== Economics ===
{{Soviet Union sidebar|Ideology}}
The Bolshevik government nationalised industry and established a foreign-trade monopoly to allow the productive coordination of the national economy and so prevent Russian national industries from competing against each other. To feed the populaces of town and country, Lenin instituted [[war communism]] (1918–1921) as a necessary condition—adequate supplies of food and weapons—for fighting the [[Russian Civil War]].<ref name="Carr, Edward Hallett 1929"/> In March 1921, the [[New Economic Policy]] (NEP, 1921–1929) allowed limited local capitalism (private commerce and internal free trade) and replaced grain requisitions with an agricultural tax managed by state banks. The NEP was meant to resolve food-shortage riots by the peasantry and allowed limited private enterprise; the [[profit motive]] encouraged farmers to produce the crops required to feed town and country; and to economically re-establish the urban working class, who had lost many workers to fight the [[counter-revolution]]ary Civil War.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Cook |editor-first=Chris |date=1983 |title=Dictionary of Historical Terms |location=New York |publisher=Peter Bedrick Books |pages=205}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Lenin |first=V. I. |author-link=Vladimir Lenin |orig-date=17 October 1921 |chapter=The New Economic Policy and the Tasks of the Political Education Departments. Report to the Second All-Russia Congress of Political Education Departments |title=Lenin's Collected Works |publisher=[[Progress Publishers]] |date=1965 |edition=2nd English |location=Moscow |volume=33 |pages=60–79 |url=http://marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1921/oct/17.htm |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203082619/http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1921/oct/17.htm |archive-date=3 December 2011 |access-date=2 December 2011}}</ref> The NEP nationalisation of the economy then would facilitate the industrialisation of Russia, politically strengthen the working class, and raise the standards of living for all Russians. Lenin said that the appearance of new socialist states was necessary for strengthening Russia's economy in establishing Russian socialism. Lenin's socio-economic perspective was supported by the [[German Revolution of 1918–1919]], [[Biennio Rosso|the Italian insurrection]] and general strikes of 1920, and worker wage-riots in the UK, France, and the US.